水生生物重金属富集规律研究
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摘要
重金属对水生生物具有毒害作用,已被列入水中优先控制污染物名单。影响水生生物富集重金属的主要因素包括生活水域、生活习性、特殊生理形态及季节变化。水生植物可通过根、茎、叶等营养器官富集重金属,且不同植物对重金属的吸收方式、积累能力和耐受水平不同。水生动物则通过呼吸、粘附和食物链途径富集重金属,体内重金属含量与食物链层级无明显对应关系,摄食习惯是主要影响因素。此外,本研究总结近3年(2015～2017)我国近岸海域的重金属污染现状,以期为中国近岸海域中水生生物的保护和海洋资源的可持续利用提供参考依据。
Heavy metals were considered as priorities to be controlled in the pollutant list, due t o its toxic effect on aquatic organisms. Main factors affecting the enrichment of heavy metals in aquatic organisms included their habitats, living habits, special physiological morphology and seasonal changes. Aquatic plants enriched heavy metals via different approaches including roots, stems and leaves, and they showed a diversity in heavy metal absorption,accumulation and tolerance. However, for aquatic animals, feeding habits were the main factors, heavy metals were concentrated through respiration, adhesion and food chains and had no significant correlation with the food chain level. In addition, this paper summarized the prevalence of heavy metal pollution in the coastal areas of China from2015 to 2017, and aimed to provide references for aquatic organisms protection and marine resources sustainability in the coastal regions of China.
Heavy metals were considered as priorities to be controlled in the pollutant list, due t o its toxic effect on aquatic organisms. Main factors affecting the enrichment of heavy metals in aquatic organisms included their habitats, living habits, special physiological morphology and seasonal changes. Aquatic plants enriched heavy metals via different approaches including roots, stems and leaves, and they showed a diversity in heavy metal absorption,accumulation and tolerance. However, for aquatic animals, feeding habits were the main factors, heavy metals were concentrated through respiration, adhesion and food chains and had no significant correlation with the food chain level. In addition, this paper summarized the prevalence of heavy metal pollution in the coastal areas of China from2015 to 2017, and aimed to provide references for aquatic organisms protection and marine resources sustainability in the coastal regions of China.
引文
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[9]Lanier C,Bernard F,Dumez S,et al.Combined toxic effects and DNAdamage to two plant species exposed to binary metal mixtures(Cd/Pb)[J].Ecotoxicol Environ Saf,2019,167(12):278-287.
[10]Sethy TR,Sahoo PK.Highly toxic Cr(VI)adsorption by(chitosan-g-PMMA)/silica bionanocomposite prepared via emulsifier-free emulsion polymerization[J].Int J Biolog Macromol,2019,122(4):1184-1190.
[11]Guy M,Accrombessi M,Fievet N,et al.Toxics(Pb,Cd)and trace elements(Zn,Cu,Mn)in women during pregnancy and at delivery,South Benin,2014-2015[J].Environ Res,2018,167(21):198-206.
[12]Yoo B,Kim B,Joshi P,et al.Effect of dietary patterns on the blood/urine concentration of the selected toxic metals(Cd,Hg,Pb)in Korean children[J].Food Sci Biotechnol,2018,27(4):1227-1237.
[13]Maresca V,Fusaro L,Sorbo S,et al.Functional and structural biomarkers to monitor heavy metal pollution of one of the most contaminated freshwater sites in Southern Europe[J].Ecotoxicol Environ Saf,2018,163(5):665-673.
[14]Alzahrani DA,Selim EM,El-sherbiny MM.Ecological assessment of heavy metals in the grey mangrove(Avicennia marina)and associated sediments along the Red Sea coast of Saudi Arabia[J].Oceanologia,2018,60(4):513-526.
[15]Vagner M,Santigosa E.Characterization and modulation of gene expression and enzymatic activity of delta-6 desaturase in teleosts:Areview[J].Aquaculture,2011,315(1-2):131-143.
[16]蔡华,罗宝章,熊丼蓓,等.上海市水产品中重金属污染情况[J].卫生研究,2018,47(5):740-743.Cai H,Luo BZ,Xiong LB,et al.Heavy metal pollution in aquatic products in Shanghai[J].J Hyg Res,2018,47(5):740-743.
[17]Le DQ,Chino N,Shirai K,et al.Trace metals in Japanese eel Anguilla japonica in relation to ecological migratory types and growth stages[J].Estuarine,Coastal Shelf Sci,2010,87(3):405-410.
[18]Marschner L,Triebskorn R,K?hler H.Arresting mantle formation and redirecting embryonic shell gland tissue by platinum 2+leads to body plan modifications in Marisa cornuarietis(Gastropoda,Ampullariidae)[J].JMorphol,2012,273(8):830-841.
[19]Jezierska B,?ugowska K,Witeska M.The effects of heavy metals on embryonic development of fish(a review)[J].Fish Physiol Biochem,2009,35(4):625-640.
[20]Qiu Y,Lin D,Liu J,et al.Bioaccumulation of trace metals in farmed fish from South China and potential risk assessment[J].Ecotoxicol Environ Saf,2011,74(3):284-293.
[21]Kumar A,Singh N,Pandey R,et al.Biochemical and molecular targets of heavy metals and their actions[J].Biomed Appl Metals,2018,21(27):297-319.
[22]Aydo?an Z,?i?man T,?ncekaraü,et al.Heavy metal accumulation in some aquatic insects(coleoptera:hydrophilidae)and tissues of Chondrostoma regium(Heckel,1843)relevant to their concentration in water and sediments from Karasu River,Erzurum,Turkey[J].Environ Sci Pollut Res,2017,24(10):9566-9574.
[23]Prabhakar D,Prasad D,Vidyarthi AS.Heavy metals:Their impact on ecosystem and methods of detection[J].Indian J Environ Protect,2016,36(9):751-766.
[24]Li S,Du L,Tsona NT,et al.The interaction of trace heavy metal with lipid monolayer in the sea surface microlayer[J].Chemosphere,2018,196(24):323-330.
[25]Christou A,Theologides CP,Costa C,et al.Assessment of toxic heavy metals concentrations in soils and wild and cultivated plant species in Limni abandoned copper mining site,Cyprus[J].J Geochem Explorat,2017,178(86):16-22.
[26]Clemens S,Ma JF.Toxic heavy metal and metalloid accumulation in crop plants and foods[J].2016,15(21):489-512.
[27]Khare S,Khare R,Jaya.Removal of toxic heavy metals from biosphere by plants[J].Int J Chem Sci,2016,14(3):1541-1548.
[28]Ravanbakhsh M,Ronaghi A,Taghavi SM,et al.Screening for the next generation heavy metal hyperaccumulators for dryland decontamination[J].J Environ Chem Eng,2016,4(2):2350-2355.
[29]杨瑞卿,肖扬,申晨.采煤塌陷区土壤重金属污染及植物吸收富集特征[J].江苏农业科学,2018,46(20):291-294.Yang RQ,Xiao Y,Shen C,et al.Heavy metal pollution and plant absorption and enrichment characteristics in coal mining subsidence area[J].Jiangsu Agric Sci,2018,46(20):291-294.
[30]吴先亮,黄先飞,全文选,等.黔西煤矿区周边土壤重金属形态特征、污染评价及富集植物筛选[J].水土保持通报,2018,38(5):313-321.Wu XL,Huang XF,Quan WX,et al.Chemical forms and risk assessment of heavy metals in soils and selected hypertolerant plants around a coal mining area in western Guizhou province[J].Bulle Soil Water Conserv,2018,38(5):313-321.
[31]王颖雪,王沛芳,王超,等.太湖浮游植物中重金属含量的季节变化特征及湖区差异[J].湖泊科学,2015,27(2):258-265.Wang YX,Wang PF,Wang C,et al.Seasonal variation and distribution characteristics of heavy metals in phytoplankton of different parts of Lake Taihu[J].J Lake Sci,2015,27(2):258-265.
[32]Singh NK,Raghubanshi AS,Upadhyay AK,et al.Arsenic and other heavy metal accumulation in plants and algae growing naturally in contaminated area of West Bengal,India[J].Ecotoxicol Environ Saf,2016,130(31):224-233.
[33]王奇,葛姝洁,王传花,等.水华期间藻类分层胞外聚合物与重金属的相互作用机制研究[J].环境保护与循环经济,2017,37(3):35-40.Wang Q,Ge SJ,Wang CH,et al.The interaction mechanism of algae stratified extracellular polymeric substances with heavy metals during algae bloom[J].Environ Protect Circul Econom,2017,37(3):35-40.
[34]Sinaei M,Loghmani M,Bolouki M.Application of biomarkers in brown algae(Cystoseria indica)to assess heavy metals(Cd,Cu,Zn,Pb,Hg,Ni,Cr)pollution in the northern coasts of the Gulf of Oman[J].Ecotoxicol Environ Saf,2018,164(42):675-680.
[35]Kipigroch K.The use of algae in the process of heavy metal ions removal from wastewater[J].Desalinat Water Treat,2018,134(46):289-295.
[36]Chappuis E,Gacia E,Ballesteros E.Environmental factors explaining the distribution and diversity of vascular aquatic macrophytes in a highly heterogeneous Mediterranean region[J].Aquat Botany,2014,113(14):72-82.
[37]Kumar V,Singh J,Chopra AK.Assessment of plant growth attributes,bioaccumulation,enrichment,and translocation of heavy metals in water lettuce(Pistia stratiotes L.)grown in sugar mill effluent[J].Int JPhytoremed,2018,20(5):507-521.
[38]Akmukhanova NR,Zayadan BK,Sadvakasova AK,et al.Consortium of higher aquatic plants and microalgae designed to purify sewage of heavy metal ions[J].Russian J Plant Physiol,2018,65(1):143-149.
[39]Benson NU,Adedapo AE,Fred-ahmadu OH,et al.New ecological risk indices for evaluating heavy metals contamination in aquatic sediment:Acase study of the Gulf of Guinea[J].Region Stud Marine Sci,2018,18(3):44-56.
[40]Wang Z,Wang Y,Hou Y,et al.Relationship between landscape pattern and spatial variation of heavy metals in aquatic sediments in headwaters area of Yuqiao Reservoir[J].Huanjing Kexue/Environ Sci,2016,37(9):3423-3429.
[41]Isibor PO.Heavy metals,nutrients,total hydrocarbons and zooplankton community structure of Osse River,Edo State,Nigeria[J].Jordan J Biolog Sci,2017,10(2):109-116.
[42]Wang X,Gu Y,Wang Z,et al.Biological risk assessment of heavy metals in sediments and health risk assessment in bivalve mollusks from Kaozhouyang Bay,South China[J].Marine Pollut Bull,2018,133(24):312-319.
[43]Farrell H,Baker P,Webster G,et al.An assessment of potential heavy metal contaminants in bivalve shellfish from aquaculture zones along the coast of New South Wales,Australia[J].Food Protect Trend,2018,38(1):18-25.
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