刺槐根际变形杆菌的分离和去除重金属的性能
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摘要
变形杆菌在重金属污染等毒害环境中有着超强的代谢能力和环境适应性,不仅是许多污染环境的优势菌群,还能耐受和利用重金属及其他环境毒素作为自身能量和营养来源。它可以通过生物转化改变重金属离子状态,减轻重金属对环境的毒害,同时帮助植物增强重金属抗性,提升对重金属的吸附能力,但对于其作为环境土著菌在重金属土壤污染修复中的研究甚少。该研究通过对重金属复合污染的尾矿库中木本植物的重金属含量和富集水平测定,筛选出了镉超富集刺槐,并通过生理生化特征及重金属去除等实验于刺槐根际筛选出一株耐镉、锌、铅的变形杆菌(Proteus sp.)Ch-8,其对Cd~(2+)、Pb~(2+)、Zn~(2+)的最小抑菌浓度(MIC)分别达到了2800、1500和900 mg/L。实验结果还表明,在多离子共存的环境下,该菌对Cd、Pb、Zn的去除能力尤为突出:重金属离子初始浓度为200～400 mg/L,Cd~(2+)、Pb~(2+)、Zn~(2+)的去除率仍能达到64.5%、90%和74.1%,为开发变形杆菌作为重金属污染生物修复新材料,进一步探究其与超富集植物的协同作用提供了数据参考。
Proteus can change the state of heavy metal ions through biological transformation, reduce the toxicity of heavy metals to the environment, and help plants enhance the resistance to heavy metals and the adsorption capacity of heavy metals.However, only a few researches concerned about the remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil by bacteria of Proteus genera. In this study, Proteus sp. Ch-8, a strain resistant to cadmium, zinc and lead was isolated from the rhizosphere of Robinia pseudoacacia L. at a composite heavy metal tailing. Its physicochemical characteristics and the effect of heavy metal removal were further tested. The tolerance of Cd~(2+), Pb~(2+) and Zn~(2+)measured by the minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) method reached 2800 mg/L, 1500 mg/L and 900 mg/L respectively. The removal rates of Cd~(2+), Pb~(2+) and Zn~(2+)reached 64.5%, 90% and 74.1% respectively, with a high level compared to the current researches. This study laid a foundation for the engineering application of Proteus sp. Ch-8 as a bioremediation new material and for the further research on the synergistic remediation effects of hyperaccumulators and microbes.
Proteus can change the state of heavy metal ions through biological transformation, reduce the toxicity of heavy metals to the environment, and help plants enhance the resistance to heavy metals and the adsorption capacity of heavy metals.However, only a few researches concerned about the remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil by bacteria of Proteus genera. In this study, Proteus sp. Ch-8, a strain resistant to cadmium, zinc and lead was isolated from the rhizosphere of Robinia pseudoacacia L. at a composite heavy metal tailing. Its physicochemical characteristics and the effect of heavy metal removal were further tested. The tolerance of Cd~(2+), Pb~(2+) and Zn~(2+)measured by the minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) method reached 2800 mg/L, 1500 mg/L and 900 mg/L respectively. The removal rates of Cd~(2+), Pb~(2+) and Zn~(2+)reached 64.5%, 90% and 74.1% respectively, with a high level compared to the current researches. This study laid a foundation for the engineering application of Proteus sp. Ch-8 as a bioremediation new material and for the further research on the synergistic remediation effects of hyperaccumulators and microbes.
引文
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[2]丁巧蓓,晁元卿,王诗忠,等.根际微生物群落多样性在重金属土壤修复中的研究[J].华南师范大学学报:自然科学版,2016,48(2):1-12.Ding Qiaobei,Chao Yuanqing,Wang Shizhong,et al.Research on function of rhizosphere microbial diversity in phytoremediation of heavy metal polluted soils[J].Journal of South China Normal University:Natural Science Edition,2016,48(2):1-12.
[3]高宇,程潜,张梦君,等.镉污染土壤修复技术研究[J].生物技术通报,2017,33(10):103-110.Gao Yu,Cheng Qian,Zhang Mengjun,et al.Research advance on remediation technology of cadmium contaminated soil[J].Biotechnology Bulletin,2017,33(10):103-110.
[4]刘志培,刘双江.我国污染土壤生物修复技术的发展及现状[J].生物工程学报,2015,31(6):901-916.Liu Zhipei,Liu Shuangjiang.Development of bioremediation in China:a review[J].Biotech,2015,31(6):901-916.
[5]邓平香.Cd污染下两种生态型东南景天内生细菌多样性的比较[D].广州:华南农业大学,2016.Deng Pingxiang.Comparative Analysis of Endophytic Bacteria Communities in Two Ecotypes of Sedum alfredii[D].Guangzhou:South China Agricultural University,2016.
[6]王丽华,吕铮,郝春博,等.某石油污染场地地下水中降解菌群落结果研究[J].环境科学与技术,2013,36(7):1-8.Wang Lihua,Lyu Zheng,Hao Chunbo,et al.Degrading bacteria community structure in groundwater of a petroleumcontaminated site[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2013,36(7):1-8.
[7]陈诚,赵珂,李小林,等.镍矿区紫茎泽兰根际及内生菌多样性研究[J].四川大学学报,2015,52(6):1387-1395.Chen Cheng,Zhao Ke,Li Xiaolin,et al.Diversity of rhizopheric and entophytic bacteria of Eupatorium adeno phorum in nickel mine[J].Journal of Sichuan University,2015,52(6):1387-1395.
[8]辜运富,江华明,潘丁键,等.四川汉源万顺铅锌矿区蜈蚣草共附生细菌群落结构对重金属的响应特征[J].环境科学学报,2017,37(9):3535-3542.Gu Yunfu,Jiang Huaming,Pan Dingjian,et al.Response of symbiotic or epiphytic bacteria in Pteris vittata to heavy metals in a Pb-Zn mining area in Wanshun Village,Hanyuan County,Sichuan Province[J].Arta Scientiae Circumstance,2017,37(9):3535-3542.
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[11]Rani A,Shouche YS,Goel R,et al.Declination of copper toxicity in pigeon pea and soil system by growth-promoting Proteus vulgaris KNP3 strain[J].Current Microbiology,2008,57:78-82.
[12]Islam F,Yasmeen T,Riaz M,et al.Proteus mirabilis alleviates zinc toxicity by preventing oxidative stress in maize(Zea mays)plants[J].Ecotoxicology Environnment Safety,2014,110:143-152.
[13]Rau N,Mishra V,Sharma M,et al.Evaluation of functional diversity in rhizobacterial taxa of a wild grass(Saccharum ravennae)colonizing abandoned fly ash dumps in Delhi urban ecosystem[J].Soil Biology Biochemistry,2009,41:813-821.
[14]Billah M,Bano A,Role of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria in modulating the efficiency of poultry litter composting with rock phosphate and its effect on growth and yield of wheat[J].Waste Management and Research,2005,33(1):63-72.
[15]Drzewiecka D.Significance and roles of Proteus spp.bacteria in natural environments[J].Microbial Ecology,2016,72:741-758.
[16]Rolsona K R,Alkaisi M M.The importance of soil sampling depth for accurate account of soil organic carbon sequestration,storage,retention and loss[J].Catena,2015,2(125):33-37.
[17]Zhang Y K,Hartermink A E.Sampling designs for soil organic carbon stock assessment of soil profiles[J].Geoderm,2017,12(307):220-230.
[18]张轩,赵俊程,吴子剑,等.6种木本植物对铅锌尾矿库重金属富集力的研究[J].湖南林业科技,2016,43(6):64-68.Zhang Xuan,Zhao Juncheng,Wu Zijian,et al.Heavy metal transfer capability of 6 woody plants in lead-zinc mine area[J].Hunan Forestry Science&Technology,2016,43(6):64-68.
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[24]Banerjee G,Pandey S,Ray A K,et al.Bioremediation of heavy metals by a novel bacterial strain enter cloacae and its antioxidant enzyme activity,protein expression in presence of lead,cadmium,and nickel[J].Water Air and Soil Pollution,2015,10:91-92.
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