双护盾TBM施工隧洞综合超前地质预报方法研究
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摘要
由于受护盾、管片及电磁干扰的影响,地质素描、炸药激振地震法、电磁法等超前地质预报方法在双护盾TBM施工中无法使用。根据双护盾TBM技术特点,以CCS水电站引水隧洞为工程背景,提出了以地质分析法、物探法、和超前钻探等为主的综合超前地质预报方法。综合超前地质预报采用"由粗到细、点面结合"的原则。地质分析法包括隧洞沿线地质分析、施工地质观察、岩渣及掘进参数分析等,不占用TBM掘进时间,成本低,可全洞段采用。物探法包括ISIS地震法和BEAM电法。物探法和超前钻探占用TBM掘进时间,且预报成本较高。因此,应根据预报精度、预报成本及是否占用掘进时间综合权衡后,确定采用何种预报方法。基于综合超前地质预报结果,针对不良地质条件,提出了相应的处理措施。研究结果表明,综合超前地质方法符合双护盾TBM施工特点,能有效识别掌子面前方的不良地质条件,同时可为工程应对措施提供基础支撑,从而有效避免或降低不良地质条件的影响。。
Some geological prediction methods e.g. geological sketch, explosive seismic method and electromagnetic method cannot be used in tunnel construction by double shield TBM,because of the impact of shield,segment and electromagnetic interference. According to the characteristics of double shield TBM,we put forward comprehensive advanced geological prediction methods including geological analysis,geophysical prospecting and advance drilling,based on CCS Hydropower Station Diversion Tunnel. The guide lines of comprehensive advanced geological prediction are from rough to fine and combine points and areas. The geological analysis includesgeological analysis along the tunnel,observation of rock mucks and tunneling parameters. It does not occupy the tunneling time and its cost is low. So it can be used along whole tunnel. ISIS seismic method and BEAM electric method are used as geophysical prospecting. Geophysical prospecting and advanced drilling method need some tunneling time and their cost is higher. The advanced prediction methods should be determined after considering accuracy,cost and time occupation integratedly. The corresponding measurements to deal with the adverse geological conditions are given based on the results of comprehensive advanced geological predictions. The research results show that comprehensive advanced geological methods can meet the characteristics of double shield TBM,and identify the adverse geological conditions effectively. Additionally, it can supply basic references for treatments,and then reduce and even avoid the influence of the adverse geological conditions.
Some geological prediction methods e.g. geological sketch, explosive seismic method and electromagnetic method cannot be used in tunnel construction by double shield TBM,because of the impact of shield,segment and electromagnetic interference. According to the characteristics of double shield TBM,we put forward comprehensive advanced geological prediction methods including geological analysis,geophysical prospecting and advance drilling,based on CCS Hydropower Station Diversion Tunnel. The guide lines of comprehensive advanced geological prediction are from rough to fine and combine points and areas. The geological analysis includesgeological analysis along the tunnel,observation of rock mucks and tunneling parameters. It does not occupy the tunneling time and its cost is low. So it can be used along whole tunnel. ISIS seismic method and BEAM electric method are used as geophysical prospecting. Geophysical prospecting and advanced drilling method need some tunneling time and their cost is higher. The advanced prediction methods should be determined after considering accuracy,cost and time occupation integratedly. The corresponding measurements to deal with the adverse geological conditions are given based on the results of comprehensive advanced geological predictions. The research results show that comprehensive advanced geological methods can meet the characteristics of double shield TBM,and identify the adverse geological conditions effectively. Additionally, it can supply basic references for treatments,and then reduce and even avoid the influence of the adverse geological conditions.
引文
Cai J H,Wang Y G,Zhang G B.2015.Advanced geological forecasting o landslide at tunnel body during construction[J].Journal o Engineering Geology,23(4):778-783.
Chen H Z.2005.Research on the system design for advance geologica prediction in TBM construction tunnel based on drilling machine[D].Wuhan:Wuhan University.
Fan Y T,Wang X Q,Chen Y H,et al.2010.Comprehensive technica proposal of TBM driving in Daban mudstone tunnel[J].Soi Engineering and Foundation,24(2):24-26.
Gao Z Z.2009.The application of the Beam geological advance prediction system for the TBM construction of Jinping diversion tunnel[J]Railway Construction Technology,(11):65-67.
He F,Zhuo X J,Ye L.2012.Technology reconstruction of double shield TBM[J].Construction Machinery,(7):99-101.
Liu Y Z,Mei R W.2011.Advantages of TGP advance geology prediction technology in tunnels[J].Tunnel Construction,31(1):21-32.
Liu Z H,Li Q W,Bian Y,et al.2013.Analysis and solutions for the blocking failure of double shield TBM in Yintao water supply project[J].Construction Machinery,(9):101-103.
LüE C.2016.ISP geological prediction system applied in the TBMconstruction of the Hanjiang to Weihe project[J].Railway Construction Technology,(6):52-55.
Lu J W,Chen Z,Hu J,et al.2016.The application of multi-electrode resistivity method in tunnel geological prediction[J].Journal o Engineering Geology,24(S1):1417-1421.
Qi C Q,Xu R P,Ye Y,et al.2007.Application of GPR for advance geological prediction in rocky tunnel[J].Site Investigation Science and Technology,(4):62-64.
Shang Y J,Yang Z F,Zeng Q L,et al.2007.Retrospective analysis of TBM accidents from its poor flexiibility to complicated geological conditions[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,27(12):2404-2411.
Song T T,Xiao Z X,Su H Y,et al.2004.Engineering geological analyses on 2.22 blockage accident in TBM construction of Shanggongshan tunnel[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,23(S1):4544-4546.
Su M X,Li S C,Xue Y G,et al.2010.TEM apparent longitudinal conductance interpretation in tunnel geological forecast[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,32(11):1722-1726.
Wu F S,Li F M,Hua X M,et al.205.Application of comprehensive geological prediction technology in tunnel[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,23(S1):480-484.
Xi J Z,Zhou J.2012.Application of the TRT6000 geological prediction system in the construction of the new Tongluoshan tunnel[J].Modern Tunnelling Technology,49(5):137-141.
Xiao Q H,Xie C J.2010.Application of TST approach to the advanced geological prediction for Dingxiao tunnel in Guizhou highway[J].Geotechnical Investigation&Surveying,(7):89-94.
Yang J H,Qi S H,Guo W X,et al.2014.Case study on engineering geological conditions and problems in construction of headrace tunnel of CCS hydropower station in Ecuador by TBM method[J].Tunnel Construction,34(6):513-518.
Zhang C.2012.Research on surrounding rock large deformation characteristics and chamber enlargement support in TBM block tunnel section in“Yindajihuang”project in Qinhai[D].Chengdu:Chengdu University of Technology.
Zhang T,Xia R H.2010.Research on techniques of TSP203 Plus applied to geological predication of long and large tunnels in GuiyangGuangzhou PDL[J].Chinese Journal of Engineering Geophysics,7(5):617-624.
Zhu J,Li T B,Li Y L,et al.2007.Application of an electrical method“Beam”for advanced geological exploration to tunneling in Tongluo Mountains for Dian-Lin highway[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,15(2):258-262.
蔡建华,王业刚,张国备.2015.隧道施工期洞身段滑坡的超前地质预报[J].工程地质学报,23(4):778-783.
程怀舟.2005.基于钻机的TBM隧洞施工超前地质预报系统开发研究[D].武汉:武汉大学.
范以田,王晓全,陈艳会,等.2010.大坂泥岩隧洞TBM脱困综合技术方案[J].土工基础,24(2):24-26.
高振宅.2009.Beam地质超前预报系统在锦屏引水隧洞TBM施工中的应用[J].铁道建筑技术,(11):65-67.
贺飞,卓兴建,叶蕾.2012.引红济石工程双护盾TBM技术改造[J].建筑机械,(7):99-101.
刘云祯,梅汝吾.2011.TGP隧道地质超前预报技术的优势[J].隧道建设,31(1):21-32.
刘志华,李清文,边野,等.2013.引洮供水工程双护盾TBM卡机事故分析与解决方案[J].建筑机械,(9):101-103.
路家伟,陈喆,胡浩,等.2016.高密度电阻率法在隧道超前地质预报中的应用[J].工程地质学报,24(增刊):1417-1421.
吕二超.2016.ISP地质预报系统在引汉济渭工程岭北TBM施工中的应用[J].铁道建筑技术,(6):52-55.
祁长青,许人平,叶勇,等.2007.地质雷达在岩质隧道施工超前预报中的应用[J].勘察科学技术,(4):62-64.
尚彦军,杨志法,曾庆利,等.2007.TBM施工遇险工程地质问题分析和失误的反思[J].岩石力学与工程学报,26(12):2404-2411.
宋天田,肖正学,苏华友,等.2004.上公山TBM施工2.22卡机事故工程地质分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,23(增刊1):4544-4546.
苏茂鑫,李术才,薛翊国,等.2010.隧道地质预报中的瞬变电磁视纵向电导解释方法研究[J].岩土工程学报,32(11):1722-1726.
吴丰收,李富明,花晓鸣,等.2015.隧道综合地质超前预报技术应用研究[J].工程地质学报,23(增刊):480-484.
席锦州,周捷.2012.TRT6000超前地质预报系统在新铜锣山隧道中的运用[J].现代隧道技术,49(5):137-141.
肖启航,谢朝娟.2010.TST技术在贵州高速公路顶效隧道超前地质预报中的应用[J].工程勘察,(7):89-94.
杨继华,齐三红,郭卫新,等.2014.厄瓜多尔CCS水电站TBM法施工引水隧洞工程地质条件及问题初步研究[J].隧道建设,34(6):513-518.
张超.2012.青海“引大济湟”工程TBM卡机段围岩大变形特性及扩挖洞室支护方案研究[D].成都:成都理工大学.
张腾,夏润禾.2010.TSP203Plus超前地质预报技术在贵广铁路客运专线长大隧道施工中的应用技术研究[J].工程地球物理学报,7(5):617-624.
朱劲,李天斌,李永林,等.2007.Beam超前地质预报技术在铜锣山隧道中的应用[J].工程地质学报,15(2):258-262.
Chen H Z.2005.Research on the system design for advance geologica prediction in TBM construction tunnel based on drilling machine[D].Wuhan:Wuhan University.
Fan Y T,Wang X Q,Chen Y H,et al.2010.Comprehensive technica proposal of TBM driving in Daban mudstone tunnel[J].Soi Engineering and Foundation,24(2):24-26.
Gao Z Z.2009.The application of the Beam geological advance prediction system for the TBM construction of Jinping diversion tunnel[J]Railway Construction Technology,(11):65-67.
He F,Zhuo X J,Ye L.2012.Technology reconstruction of double shield TBM[J].Construction Machinery,(7):99-101.
Liu Y Z,Mei R W.2011.Advantages of TGP advance geology prediction technology in tunnels[J].Tunnel Construction,31(1):21-32.
Liu Z H,Li Q W,Bian Y,et al.2013.Analysis and solutions for the blocking failure of double shield TBM in Yintao water supply project[J].Construction Machinery,(9):101-103.
LüE C.2016.ISP geological prediction system applied in the TBMconstruction of the Hanjiang to Weihe project[J].Railway Construction Technology,(6):52-55.
Lu J W,Chen Z,Hu J,et al.2016.The application of multi-electrode resistivity method in tunnel geological prediction[J].Journal o Engineering Geology,24(S1):1417-1421.
Qi C Q,Xu R P,Ye Y,et al.2007.Application of GPR for advance geological prediction in rocky tunnel[J].Site Investigation Science and Technology,(4):62-64.
Shang Y J,Yang Z F,Zeng Q L,et al.2007.Retrospective analysis of TBM accidents from its poor flexiibility to complicated geological conditions[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,27(12):2404-2411.
Song T T,Xiao Z X,Su H Y,et al.2004.Engineering geological analyses on 2.22 blockage accident in TBM construction of Shanggongshan tunnel[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,23(S1):4544-4546.
Su M X,Li S C,Xue Y G,et al.2010.TEM apparent longitudinal conductance interpretation in tunnel geological forecast[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,32(11):1722-1726.
Wu F S,Li F M,Hua X M,et al.205.Application of comprehensive geological prediction technology in tunnel[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,23(S1):480-484.
Xi J Z,Zhou J.2012.Application of the TRT6000 geological prediction system in the construction of the new Tongluoshan tunnel[J].Modern Tunnelling Technology,49(5):137-141.
Xiao Q H,Xie C J.2010.Application of TST approach to the advanced geological prediction for Dingxiao tunnel in Guizhou highway[J].Geotechnical Investigation&Surveying,(7):89-94.
Yang J H,Qi S H,Guo W X,et al.2014.Case study on engineering geological conditions and problems in construction of headrace tunnel of CCS hydropower station in Ecuador by TBM method[J].Tunnel Construction,34(6):513-518.
Zhang C.2012.Research on surrounding rock large deformation characteristics and chamber enlargement support in TBM block tunnel section in“Yindajihuang”project in Qinhai[D].Chengdu:Chengdu University of Technology.
Zhang T,Xia R H.2010.Research on techniques of TSP203 Plus applied to geological predication of long and large tunnels in GuiyangGuangzhou PDL[J].Chinese Journal of Engineering Geophysics,7(5):617-624.
Zhu J,Li T B,Li Y L,et al.2007.Application of an electrical method“Beam”for advanced geological exploration to tunneling in Tongluo Mountains for Dian-Lin highway[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,15(2):258-262.
蔡建华,王业刚,张国备.2015.隧道施工期洞身段滑坡的超前地质预报[J].工程地质学报,23(4):778-783.
程怀舟.2005.基于钻机的TBM隧洞施工超前地质预报系统开发研究[D].武汉:武汉大学.
范以田,王晓全,陈艳会,等.2010.大坂泥岩隧洞TBM脱困综合技术方案[J].土工基础,24(2):24-26.
高振宅.2009.Beam地质超前预报系统在锦屏引水隧洞TBM施工中的应用[J].铁道建筑技术,(11):65-67.
贺飞,卓兴建,叶蕾.2012.引红济石工程双护盾TBM技术改造[J].建筑机械,(7):99-101.
刘云祯,梅汝吾.2011.TGP隧道地质超前预报技术的优势[J].隧道建设,31(1):21-32.
刘志华,李清文,边野,等.2013.引洮供水工程双护盾TBM卡机事故分析与解决方案[J].建筑机械,(9):101-103.
路家伟,陈喆,胡浩,等.2016.高密度电阻率法在隧道超前地质预报中的应用[J].工程地质学报,24(增刊):1417-1421.
吕二超.2016.ISP地质预报系统在引汉济渭工程岭北TBM施工中的应用[J].铁道建筑技术,(6):52-55.
祁长青,许人平,叶勇,等.2007.地质雷达在岩质隧道施工超前预报中的应用[J].勘察科学技术,(4):62-64.
尚彦军,杨志法,曾庆利,等.2007.TBM施工遇险工程地质问题分析和失误的反思[J].岩石力学与工程学报,26(12):2404-2411.
宋天田,肖正学,苏华友,等.2004.上公山TBM施工2.22卡机事故工程地质分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,23(增刊1):4544-4546.
苏茂鑫,李术才,薛翊国,等.2010.隧道地质预报中的瞬变电磁视纵向电导解释方法研究[J].岩土工程学报,32(11):1722-1726.
吴丰收,李富明,花晓鸣,等.2015.隧道综合地质超前预报技术应用研究[J].工程地质学报,23(增刊):480-484.
席锦州,周捷.2012.TRT6000超前地质预报系统在新铜锣山隧道中的运用[J].现代隧道技术,49(5):137-141.
肖启航,谢朝娟.2010.TST技术在贵州高速公路顶效隧道超前地质预报中的应用[J].工程勘察,(7):89-94.
杨继华,齐三红,郭卫新,等.2014.厄瓜多尔CCS水电站TBM法施工引水隧洞工程地质条件及问题初步研究[J].隧道建设,34(6):513-518.
张超.2012.青海“引大济湟”工程TBM卡机段围岩大变形特性及扩挖洞室支护方案研究[D].成都:成都理工大学.
张腾,夏润禾.2010.TSP203Plus超前地质预报技术在贵广铁路客运专线长大隧道施工中的应用技术研究[J].工程地球物理学报,7(5):617-624.
朱劲,李天斌,李永林,等.2007.Beam超前地质预报技术在铜锣山隧道中的应用[J].工程地质学报,15(2):258-262.
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