超高强度钢板热冲压成形同步淬火相变不均匀性影响因素分析
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摘要
以超高强度钢BR1500HS为研究对象,利用材料的应力-应变数据、热物理性参数、相变模型构建了U形件热冲压成形过程的热-力-相3场动态耦合有限元数值模型。有限元模拟结果表明,法兰区域和底部区域中的马氏体体积含量显著多于侧壁区域中的马氏体体积含量,揭示了钢板相变的不均匀性;同时对成形过程中板料和模具的温度场进行研究,揭示了钢板冷却速度的不均匀性。通过在整个热冲压过程中法兰区域、圆角区域、侧壁区域和底部区域选取观测点,分析了冷却速率不均匀性的影响因素,即温差、接触间隙、换热系数。最后通过实验验证了模拟结果具有较高的可靠性。
Taking ultra-high-strength steel BR1500 HS as the research object,a three-field dynamic coupling finite element numerical model of thermal-force-phase in hot stamping process of U-shaped parts was established by using the stress-strain data,thermal physical parameters and phase transformation model of the material. The finite element simulation results show that the martensite volume content in the flange region and the bottom region is significantly higher than that in the side wall region,which reveals the inhomogeneity of the steel plate phase transition. The temperature field of sheet metal and mold in the forming process was studied,and the inhomogeneity of cooling rate of steel plate was revealed. Through selecting observation points in flange region,rounded corner region,side wall region and bottom region in the whole hot stamping process,the influencing factors of non-uniformity of cooling rate were analyzed,namely the temperature difference,contact clearance and heat transfer coefficient. Finally,the simulation results were proved to be high reliable by experiments.
Taking ultra-high-strength steel BR1500 HS as the research object,a three-field dynamic coupling finite element numerical model of thermal-force-phase in hot stamping process of U-shaped parts was established by using the stress-strain data,thermal physical parameters and phase transformation model of the material. The finite element simulation results show that the martensite volume content in the flange region and the bottom region is significantly higher than that in the side wall region,which reveals the inhomogeneity of the steel plate phase transition. The temperature field of sheet metal and mold in the forming process was studied,and the inhomogeneity of cooling rate of steel plate was revealed. Through selecting observation points in flange region,rounded corner region,side wall region and bottom region in the whole hot stamping process,the influencing factors of non-uniformity of cooling rate were analyzed,namely the temperature difference,contact clearance and heat transfer coefficient. Finally,the simulation results were proved to be high reliable by experiments.
引文
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[7] TEKKAYA A E,KARBASIAN H,HOMBERG W,et al. Thermo-mechanical coupled simulation of hot stamping components for process design[J]. Production Engineering,2007,1(1):85-89.
[8] QUAN G Z,ZHAN Z Y,ZHANG L,et al. A study on the multi-phase transformation kinetics of ultra-high strength steel and application in thermal-mechanical-phase coupling simulation of hot stamping process[J]. Materials Science and Engineering A,2016,673(1):24-38.
[9] HE L F,ZHAO G Q,LI H P. Measurement and analysis of timetemperature-transformation curves of boron steel 22MnB5[J].Applied Mechanics&Materials,2010,29-32(4):484-489.
[10] BELUR B K,GRANDHI R V. Geometric deviations in forging and cooling operations due to process uncertainties[J]. Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2004,152(2):204-214.
[2]马旭东.高强度钢热冲压技术[J].军民两用技术与产品,2016,16(18):74.MA Xudong. High-strength steel hot stamping technology[J].Military and Civilian Technology and Products,2016,16(18):74.
[3]刘凯,池波,蒲健,等.非等温形变对高强度汽车钢WHT1300HF的马氏体相变的影响[J].热加工工艺,2014,43(16):54-56.LIU Kai,CHI Bo,PU Jian, et al. Influence of non-isothermal deformation on martensitic transformation of high-strength automotive steel WHT1300HF[J]. Hot Working Technology,2014,43(16):54-56.
[4]倪朝敏.热冲压成形钢板BR1500HS淬火热为力为相变耦合规律数值模拟研究及应力影响参数优化[D].重庆:重庆理工大学,2017.NI Zhaomin. Numerical simulation study on the coupled thermomechanical-transformation law of hot stamping steel plate BR1500HS and optimization of stress effect parameters[D].Chongqing:Chongqing University of Technology,2017.
[5]王梦寒,王彦丽,咸国才.淬火工艺对BR1500HS超高强度硼钢板组织与性能的影响[J].金属热处理,2014,39(4):84-87.WANG Menghan, WANG Yanli, XIAN Guocai. Effects of quenching process on microstructure and properties of BR1500HS super high strength boron steel plate[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals,2014,39(4):84-87.
[6]刘伟,刘红生,邢忠文,等.模具温度和凸模速度对超高强钢热冲压成形的影响[J].中国有色金属学报,2012,22(s2):534-541.LIU Wei,LIU Hongsheng,XING Zhongwen,et al. Effect of die temperature and punch speed on hot stamping of ultra high strength steel[J]. Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals, 2012, 22(s2):534-541.
[7] TEKKAYA A E,KARBASIAN H,HOMBERG W,et al. Thermo-mechanical coupled simulation of hot stamping components for process design[J]. Production Engineering,2007,1(1):85-89.
[8] QUAN G Z,ZHAN Z Y,ZHANG L,et al. A study on the multi-phase transformation kinetics of ultra-high strength steel and application in thermal-mechanical-phase coupling simulation of hot stamping process[J]. Materials Science and Engineering A,2016,673(1):24-38.
[9] HE L F,ZHAO G Q,LI H P. Measurement and analysis of timetemperature-transformation curves of boron steel 22MnB5[J].Applied Mechanics&Materials,2010,29-32(4):484-489.
[10] BELUR B K,GRANDHI R V. Geometric deviations in forging and cooling operations due to process uncertainties[J]. Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2004,152(2):204-214.
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