不同缺口类型钢筋力学性能试验及数值分析
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摘要
为模拟局部锈蚀对钢筋静力及疲劳性能的影响,对4种缺口形状、6种缺口尺寸的100根钢筋进行轴向静力拉伸和疲劳拉伸试验.基于静力拉伸试验结果,给出了缺口形状、缺口深度与钢筋屈服载荷、极限荷载间的定量关系,分析了缺口尺寸对应力集中系数的影响;基于疲劳拉伸试验结果,研究了缺口形状和缺口尺寸对钢筋疲劳寿命的影响,建立了钢筋应力范围-疲劳寿命-缺口深度的曲线方程;在试验基础上,建立了精细有限元三维实体计算模型,分析了缺口附近的应力分布状态,解释了坑蚀形态导致钢筋性能退化的原因.结果表明:三角形缺口应力集中系数最大,依次为变长度三角形、径向椭圆形和轴向椭圆形,应力集中程度随应力水平和缺口深度的增加而增大;不同缺口类型钢筋的实际应力范围和疲劳寿命在对数坐标下呈线性关系;三角形和变长度三角形锈坑应力集中梯度较大,率先进入塑性变形阶段,从而较早发生破坏.
To simulate the effects of pitting corrosion morphologies on the mechanical behavior of steel bars, tensile static and fatigue tests were conducted on one hundred steel bars. Specimens of four notch shapes, six notch sizes were chosen for test. Quantitative relationships of the yield and the ultimate load under different notch depths were obtained based on the tensile test. The stress concentration coefficients under various notches were also compared. The effect of notch shape and notch size on the fatigue life of steel bars was observed based on the fatigue tensile test. The equations for stress range-fatigue life-notch depth were also established. Following that, the stress distribution near the notches was analyzed, and corrosion pit-induced performance degradation of steel bars was explained by establishing an accurate three-dimensional finite element model. The results show that triangular notch has the maximum stress concentration coefficient under a same notch depth, followed by length-variable triangle, radial ellipse and axial ellipse shaped notch. The magnitude of stress concentration at the notch location increased with increasing stress level and notch depth. A linear relationship is observed for the stress range and fatigue life of the notched steel bars in logarithmic scale. The triangle and length-variable triangle corrosion pits have a relatively higher stress concentration gradient and will lead the steel to enter a plastic deformation stage firstly until failure.
To simulate the effects of pitting corrosion morphologies on the mechanical behavior of steel bars, tensile static and fatigue tests were conducted on one hundred steel bars. Specimens of four notch shapes, six notch sizes were chosen for test. Quantitative relationships of the yield and the ultimate load under different notch depths were obtained based on the tensile test. The stress concentration coefficients under various notches were also compared. The effect of notch shape and notch size on the fatigue life of steel bars was observed based on the fatigue tensile test. The equations for stress range-fatigue life-notch depth were also established. Following that, the stress distribution near the notches was analyzed, and corrosion pit-induced performance degradation of steel bars was explained by establishing an accurate three-dimensional finite element model. The results show that triangular notch has the maximum stress concentration coefficient under a same notch depth, followed by length-variable triangle, radial ellipse and axial ellipse shaped notch. The magnitude of stress concentration at the notch location increased with increasing stress level and notch depth. A linear relationship is observed for the stress range and fatigue life of the notched steel bars in logarithmic scale. The triangle and length-variable triangle corrosion pits have a relatively higher stress concentration gradient and will lead the steel to enter a plastic deformation stage firstly until failure.
引文
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[15] NAKAMURA S,SUZUMURA K.Experimental study on fatigue strength of corroded bridge wires[J].Journal of Bridge Engineering,2013,18(3):200-209.
[16] MA Y,XIANG Y,WANG L,et al.Fatigue life prediction for aging RC beams considering corrosive environments[J].Engineering Structures,2014,79:211-221.
[17] CERIT M,GENEL K,EKSI S.Numerical investigation on stress concentration of corrosion pit[J].Engineering Failure Analysis,2009,16(7):2467-2472.
[2] HUANG Y,WEI C,CHEN L,et al.Quantitative correlation between geometric parameters and stress concentration of corrosion pits[J].Engineering Failure Analysis,2014,44:168-178.
[3] AHN S H,LAWRENCE J R F V,METZGER M M.Corrosion fatigue of an HSLA steel[J].Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials & Structures,1992,15(7):625-642.
[4] DANG V H,FRAN?OIS R.Influence of long-term corrosion in chloride environment on mechanical behaviour of RC beam[J].Engineering Structures,2013,48:558-568.
[5] MA Y,ZHANG J,WANG L,et al.Probabilistic prediction with Bayesian updating for strength degradation of RC bridge beams[J].Structural Safety,2013,44:102-109.
[6] 梁岩,罗小勇,张艳芳.反复荷载作用下锈蚀高强钢筋的性能变化[J].建筑材料学报,2015,18(1):145-167.LIANG Yan,LUO Xiaoyong,ZHANG Yanfang.Property changes of corroded high-strength steel bars under cycling load[J].Journal of Building Materials,2015,18(1):145-167.(in Chinese)
[7] 吴庆,袁迎曙.锈蚀钢筋力学性能退化规律试验研究[J].土木工程学报,2008,41(12):42-47.WU Qing,YUAN Yingshu.Experimental study on the deterioration of mechanical properties of corroded steel bars[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2008,41(12):42-47.(in Chinese)
[8] 张伟平,李崇凯,顾祥林,等.锈蚀钢筋的随机本构关系[J].建筑材料学报,2014,17(5):920-926.ZHANG Weiping,LI Chongkai,GU Xianglin,et al.Stochastic model of constitutive relationship for corroded steel bar[J].Journal of Building Materials,2014,17(5):920-926.(in Chinese)
[9] APOSTOLOPOULOS C A,PAPADOPOULOS M P.Tensile and low cycle fatigue behavior of corroded reinforcing steel bars S400[J].Construction and Building Materials.2007,21(4):855-864.
[10] LI H,LAN CM,JU Y,et al.Experimental and numerical study of the fatigue properties of corroded parallel wire cables[J].Journal of Bridge Engineering,2012,17(2):211-220.
[11] 孙俊祖,黄侨,任远.锈蚀疲劳后混凝土中钢筋力学性能试验[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2016,48(3):89-94.SUN Junzu,HUANG Qiao,REN Yuan.Test for mechanical behavior of steel reinforcing bar after corrosion fatigue[J].Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology,2016,48(3):89-94.(in Chinese)
[12] 张伟平,李士彬,顾祥林,等.自然锈蚀钢筋的轴向拉伸疲劳试验[J].中国公路学报,2009,22(2):53-58.ZHANG Weiping,LI Shibin,GU Xianglin,et al.Experiment on axial tensile fatigue of naturally corroded steel bar[J].China Journal of Highway and Transport,2009,22(2):53-58.(in Chinese)
[13] 彭修宁,韦斌凝,张艳琴.产生坑蚀后钢筋疲劳性能对劣化[J].广西大学学报(自然科学版),2009,34(3):293-296.PENG Xiuning,WEI Binning,ZHANG Yanqin.Fatigue performance deterioration of bars with unsymmetrical corrosion[J].Journal of Guangxi University (Natural Science),2009,34(3):293-296.(in Chinese)
[14] 曲福来,刘桂荣,赵顺波,等.基于长度表征不均匀锈蚀钢筋力学性能研究[J].建筑材料学报,2016,19(3):566-570.QU Fulai,LIU Guirong,ZHAO Shunbo,et al.Mechanical properties of non-uniformly corroded steel bars based on length characterization[J].Journal of Building Materials,2016,19 (3):566-570.(in Chinese)
[15] NAKAMURA S,SUZUMURA K.Experimental study on fatigue strength of corroded bridge wires[J].Journal of Bridge Engineering,2013,18(3):200-209.
[16] MA Y,XIANG Y,WANG L,et al.Fatigue life prediction for aging RC beams considering corrosive environments[J].Engineering Structures,2014,79:211-221.
[17] CERIT M,GENEL K,EKSI S.Numerical investigation on stress concentration of corrosion pit[J].Engineering Failure Analysis,2009,16(7):2467-2472.
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