K_0应力路径试验在上海地区工程勘察中的应用
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摘要
上海地区在进行软粘性土的变形特性试验时,勘察过程中极少进行对原状土在不同应力路径下的变形及强度试验研究,这使得报告中提供的参数不能很好地和基坑开挖卸荷过程中土体地层的实际相吻合。本文以上海市徐家汇某深大基坑项目为例,在勘察阶段进行K_0应力路径三轴试验,试验内容为对选取的代表性土样进行加荷、卸荷及再加荷,并记录各阶段的应力应变及变形模量。对试验结果的分析表明,应力路径对软粘性土的影响较明显,K_0应力路径可以较为真实地反映土体在天然状态下进行基坑开挖过程中的变形特性。建议以后在对变形敏感的深大基坑工程中加强推广应用。
In the test of deformation characteristics of soft clay soil in Shanghai, the test of deformation and strength of undisturbed soil under different stress paths is rarely carried out in engineering investigation, which makes the parameters provided in the investigation report not well consistent with the actual soil stratum in the excavation and unloading process of foundation pit. In this paper, taking a deep foundation pit project in Xujiahui, Shanghai for example, K_0 stress path triaxial test was performed in the investigation stage. The test included loading, unloading and then re-loading of the selected representative soil samples, and recording the stress and strain as well as modulus of deformation at every stage. The analysis of the test results shows that the stress path had an obvious effect on the soft clay soil, and the K_0 stress path can reflect the deformation characteristics of the soil in the process of foundation pit excavation in the natural state. It is suggested to strengthen the promotion and application of the K_0 stress path in the deep and large foundation pit projects which are sensitive to deformation.
In the test of deformation characteristics of soft clay soil in Shanghai, the test of deformation and strength of undisturbed soil under different stress paths is rarely carried out in engineering investigation, which makes the parameters provided in the investigation report not well consistent with the actual soil stratum in the excavation and unloading process of foundation pit. In this paper, taking a deep foundation pit project in Xujiahui, Shanghai for example, K_0 stress path triaxial test was performed in the investigation stage. The test included loading, unloading and then re-loading of the selected representative soil samples, and recording the stress and strain as well as modulus of deformation at every stage. The analysis of the test results shows that the stress path had an obvious effect on the soft clay soil, and the K_0 stress path can reflect the deformation characteristics of the soil in the process of foundation pit excavation in the natural state. It is suggested to strengthen the promotion and application of the K_0 stress path in the deep and large foundation pit projects which are sensitive to deformation.
引文
[1] 严学新,史玉金.上海市工程地质结构特征[J].上海地质,2006,(4):19-24. YAN Xuexin, SHI Yujin. Structure characteristic of engineering geology in Shanghai[J]. Shanghai Geology, 2006,(4):19-24.
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[3] 孙德安,申海娥.上海软土的流变特性试验研究[J].水文地质工程地质,2010,37(3):74-78. SUN Dean, SHEN Haie. Experimental study on rheology behaviour of Shanghai soft clay[J]. Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology, 2010,37(3):74-78.
[4] 赖华辉.淤泥质粘土的流变特性及其应用研究[D].上海:上海交通大学,2013. LAI Huahui. Study on rheological property of silt clay and its application[D]. Shanghai: Shanghai Jiaotong University, 2013.
[5] 黄茂松,王卫东,郑刚.软土地下工程与深基坑研究进展[J].土木工程学报,2012,45(6):146-161. HUANG Maosong, WANG Weidong, ZHENG Gang. A review of recent advances in the underground engineering and deep excavations in soft soils[J]. China Civil Engineering Journal, 2012,45(6):146-161.
[6] 徐而进.上海软土深基坑工程周围管线变形特性实测分析[J].建筑施工,2018,40(2):268-271. XU Erjin. Actual measurement analysis of pipeline deformation characteristics around Shanghai soft soil deep foundation pit engineering[J]. Building Construction, 2018,40(2):268-271.
[7] 李广信,张丙印,于玉贞.土力学(第二版)[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2017:127-153. LI Guangxin, ZHANG Bingyin, YU Yuzhen. Soil mechanics (Second edition)[M]. Beijing: Tsinghua University Press, 2017:127-153.
[8] Lambe TW. Stress path method[M]. J. of Soil Mech. and Found. Div. ASCE, 1967,(6):268-277.
[9] 刘国彬,侯学渊.软土的卸荷模量[J].岩土工程学报,1996,(6):22-27. LIU Guobin, HOU Xueyuan. Unloading modulus of the Shanghai soft clay[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 1996,(6):22-27.
[10] 李光宏.复杂环境基坑支护方案的综合设计[J].探矿工程(岩土钻掘工程),2018,45(9):80-83. LI Guanghong. Comprehensive design of foundation pit support scheme in complex environment[J]. Exploration Engineering (Rock & Soil Drilling and Tunneling), 2018,45(9):80-83.
[11] 马晓文,艾英钵.基坑开挖土体卸荷特性研究进展[J].岩土工程学报,2011,33(S1):189-193. MA Xiaowen, AI Yingbo. Review of soil behaviors under excavation unloading of foundation pits[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2011,33(S1):189-193.
[12] 杨同帅,叶冠林,顾琳琳.上海软土小应变三轴试验及本构模拟[J].岩土工程学报,2018,40(10):1930-1935. YANG Tongshuai, YE Guanlin, GU Linlin. Small-strain triaxial tests and constitutive modeling of Shanghai soft clays[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2018,40(10):1930-1935.
[13] 盛佳韧,武朝军,叶冠林,等.上海黏土强度特性真三轴试验研究[J].岩土力学,2013,34(1):47-52. SHENG Jiaren, WU Chaojun, YE Guanlin, et al. Strength property of Shanghai clay in true triaxial tests[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2013,34(1):47-52.
[14] 尹骥,陈宝,李煜,等.上海第②层粉质黏土非饱和强度与变形模量的三轴试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2009,31(10):1619-1625. YIN Ji, CHEN Bao, LI Yu, et al. Triaxial tests on strength and deformation modulus of No.2 layer silty clay of Shanghai[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2009,31(10):1619-1625.
[15] 翁鑫荣.软土应力路径特性的试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2013,35(S2):825-828. WENG Xinrong. Experimental research on characteristics of stress path for soft soils[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2013,35(S2):825-828.
[16] 赵登峰.考虑应力路径的软土深基坑开挖分析及m值优化研究[D].浙江宁波:宁波大学,2014. ZHAO Dengfeng. Study on stress path of deep foundation pit excavation in soft soil area and the optimization of m-value[D]. Ningbo Zhejiang: Ningbo University, 2014.
[17] 邓尧.海相软土卸荷力学特性研究及其基坑开挖数值模拟[D].重庆:重庆大学,2017. DENG Yao. Study on unloading mechanical characteristics of marine soft soil and numerical simulation of foundation pit excavation[D]. Chongqing: Chongqing University, 2017.
[18] 刘国彬,贾付波.基坑回弹时间效应的试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(S1):3040-3044. LIU Guobin, JIA Fubo. Test research on time effect of foundation pit rebound[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2007,26(S1):3040-3044.
[19] 徐闻达.基坑开挖对邻近地铁隧道变形的影响研究[D].浙江杭州:浙江大学,2018. XU Wenda. Research on the infulence of foundation pit excavation on the deformation of adjacent metro tunnel[D]. Hangzhou Zhejiang: Zhejiang University, 2018.
[20] 郭月亮,田少坤.软土地区基坑开挖引起桩基质量问题的判定与处理[J].探矿工程(岩土钻掘工程),2015,42(6):59-62. GUO Yueliang, TIAN Shaokun. Judgment of quality problems of pile foundation caused by excavation in soft soil region and the treatment[J]. Exploration Engineering (Rock & Soil Drilling and Tunneling), 2015,42(6):59-62.
[21] 王建华,吴厚信,周宏益,等.紧邻地铁基坑支护工程设计[J].探矿工程(岩土钻掘工程),2011,38(11):71-75. WANG Jianhua, WU Houxin, ZHOU Hongyi, et al. Design of foundation pit support project close to the subway[J]. Exploration Engineering (Rock & Soil Drilling and Tunneling), 2011,38(11):71-75.
[22] 郭德强.软土地区基坑回弹机理及工程桩受力变形研究[D].天津:天津大学,2017. GUO Deqiang. The study of pit resilience mechanism and behavior of pile in soft region[D]. Tianjin: Tianjin University, 2017.
[23] GB/T 50123-1999,土工试验方法标准[S]. GB/T 50123-1999, Standard for soil test method[S].
[24] 张坤勇,李广山,梅小洪,等.基于K0固结排水卸荷应力路径试验粉土应力-变形特性研究[J].岩土工程学报,2017,39(7):1182-1188. ZHANG Kunyong, LI Guangshan, MEI Xiaohong, et al. Stress-deformation characteristics of silty soil based on K0 consolidation and drainage unloading stress path tests[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2017, 39(7):1182-1188.
[25] 赵建军,姜芯.卸荷应力路径下海积软土力学性质试验[J].天津城建大学学报,2015,21(4):267-272. ZHAO Jianjun, JIANG Xin. Test research of mechanical properties of marine soft soil under unloading stress path[J]. Journal of Tianjin Chengjian University, 2015,21(4):267-272.
[26] 王立忠,但汉波,李玲玲.K0固结软土的循环剪切特性及其流变模拟[J].岩土工程学报,2010,32(12):1946-1955. WANG Lizhong, DAN Hanbo, LI Lingling. Cyclic shearing behavior of K0-consolidated clay and its rheological simulation[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2010,32(12):1946-1955.
[2] 胡其志,何世秀,杨雪强.基坑开挖软土流变特性的试验研究[J].湖北工学院学报,2003,18(3):1-3. HU Qizhi, HE Shixiu, YANG Xueqiang. Experimental study on rheology property of soft clay in excavation[J]. Journal of Hubei Polytechnic University, 2003,18(3):1-3.
[3] 孙德安,申海娥.上海软土的流变特性试验研究[J].水文地质工程地质,2010,37(3):74-78. SUN Dean, SHEN Haie. Experimental study on rheology behaviour of Shanghai soft clay[J]. Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology, 2010,37(3):74-78.
[4] 赖华辉.淤泥质粘土的流变特性及其应用研究[D].上海:上海交通大学,2013. LAI Huahui. Study on rheological property of silt clay and its application[D]. Shanghai: Shanghai Jiaotong University, 2013.
[5] 黄茂松,王卫东,郑刚.软土地下工程与深基坑研究进展[J].土木工程学报,2012,45(6):146-161. HUANG Maosong, WANG Weidong, ZHENG Gang. A review of recent advances in the underground engineering and deep excavations in soft soils[J]. China Civil Engineering Journal, 2012,45(6):146-161.
[6] 徐而进.上海软土深基坑工程周围管线变形特性实测分析[J].建筑施工,2018,40(2):268-271. XU Erjin. Actual measurement analysis of pipeline deformation characteristics around Shanghai soft soil deep foundation pit engineering[J]. Building Construction, 2018,40(2):268-271.
[7] 李广信,张丙印,于玉贞.土力学(第二版)[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2017:127-153. LI Guangxin, ZHANG Bingyin, YU Yuzhen. Soil mechanics (Second edition)[M]. Beijing: Tsinghua University Press, 2017:127-153.
[8] Lambe TW. Stress path method[M]. J. of Soil Mech. and Found. Div. ASCE, 1967,(6):268-277.
[9] 刘国彬,侯学渊.软土的卸荷模量[J].岩土工程学报,1996,(6):22-27. LIU Guobin, HOU Xueyuan. Unloading modulus of the Shanghai soft clay[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 1996,(6):22-27.
[10] 李光宏.复杂环境基坑支护方案的综合设计[J].探矿工程(岩土钻掘工程),2018,45(9):80-83. LI Guanghong. Comprehensive design of foundation pit support scheme in complex environment[J]. Exploration Engineering (Rock & Soil Drilling and Tunneling), 2018,45(9):80-83.
[11] 马晓文,艾英钵.基坑开挖土体卸荷特性研究进展[J].岩土工程学报,2011,33(S1):189-193. MA Xiaowen, AI Yingbo. Review of soil behaviors under excavation unloading of foundation pits[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2011,33(S1):189-193.
[12] 杨同帅,叶冠林,顾琳琳.上海软土小应变三轴试验及本构模拟[J].岩土工程学报,2018,40(10):1930-1935. YANG Tongshuai, YE Guanlin, GU Linlin. Small-strain triaxial tests and constitutive modeling of Shanghai soft clays[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2018,40(10):1930-1935.
[13] 盛佳韧,武朝军,叶冠林,等.上海黏土强度特性真三轴试验研究[J].岩土力学,2013,34(1):47-52. SHENG Jiaren, WU Chaojun, YE Guanlin, et al. Strength property of Shanghai clay in true triaxial tests[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2013,34(1):47-52.
[14] 尹骥,陈宝,李煜,等.上海第②层粉质黏土非饱和强度与变形模量的三轴试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2009,31(10):1619-1625. YIN Ji, CHEN Bao, LI Yu, et al. Triaxial tests on strength and deformation modulus of No.2 layer silty clay of Shanghai[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2009,31(10):1619-1625.
[15] 翁鑫荣.软土应力路径特性的试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2013,35(S2):825-828. WENG Xinrong. Experimental research on characteristics of stress path for soft soils[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2013,35(S2):825-828.
[16] 赵登峰.考虑应力路径的软土深基坑开挖分析及m值优化研究[D].浙江宁波:宁波大学,2014. ZHAO Dengfeng. Study on stress path of deep foundation pit excavation in soft soil area and the optimization of m-value[D]. Ningbo Zhejiang: Ningbo University, 2014.
[17] 邓尧.海相软土卸荷力学特性研究及其基坑开挖数值模拟[D].重庆:重庆大学,2017. DENG Yao. Study on unloading mechanical characteristics of marine soft soil and numerical simulation of foundation pit excavation[D]. Chongqing: Chongqing University, 2017.
[18] 刘国彬,贾付波.基坑回弹时间效应的试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(S1):3040-3044. LIU Guobin, JIA Fubo. Test research on time effect of foundation pit rebound[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2007,26(S1):3040-3044.
[19] 徐闻达.基坑开挖对邻近地铁隧道变形的影响研究[D].浙江杭州:浙江大学,2018. XU Wenda. Research on the infulence of foundation pit excavation on the deformation of adjacent metro tunnel[D]. Hangzhou Zhejiang: Zhejiang University, 2018.
[20] 郭月亮,田少坤.软土地区基坑开挖引起桩基质量问题的判定与处理[J].探矿工程(岩土钻掘工程),2015,42(6):59-62. GUO Yueliang, TIAN Shaokun. Judgment of quality problems of pile foundation caused by excavation in soft soil region and the treatment[J]. Exploration Engineering (Rock & Soil Drilling and Tunneling), 2015,42(6):59-62.
[21] 王建华,吴厚信,周宏益,等.紧邻地铁基坑支护工程设计[J].探矿工程(岩土钻掘工程),2011,38(11):71-75. WANG Jianhua, WU Houxin, ZHOU Hongyi, et al. Design of foundation pit support project close to the subway[J]. Exploration Engineering (Rock & Soil Drilling and Tunneling), 2011,38(11):71-75.
[22] 郭德强.软土地区基坑回弹机理及工程桩受力变形研究[D].天津:天津大学,2017. GUO Deqiang. The study of pit resilience mechanism and behavior of pile in soft region[D]. Tianjin: Tianjin University, 2017.
[23] GB/T 50123-1999,土工试验方法标准[S]. GB/T 50123-1999, Standard for soil test method[S].
[24] 张坤勇,李广山,梅小洪,等.基于K0固结排水卸荷应力路径试验粉土应力-变形特性研究[J].岩土工程学报,2017,39(7):1182-1188. ZHANG Kunyong, LI Guangshan, MEI Xiaohong, et al. Stress-deformation characteristics of silty soil based on K0 consolidation and drainage unloading stress path tests[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2017, 39(7):1182-1188.
[25] 赵建军,姜芯.卸荷应力路径下海积软土力学性质试验[J].天津城建大学学报,2015,21(4):267-272. ZHAO Jianjun, JIANG Xin. Test research of mechanical properties of marine soft soil under unloading stress path[J]. Journal of Tianjin Chengjian University, 2015,21(4):267-272.
[26] 王立忠,但汉波,李玲玲.K0固结软土的循环剪切特性及其流变模拟[J].岩土工程学报,2010,32(12):1946-1955. WANG Lizhong, DAN Hanbo, LI Lingling. Cyclic shearing behavior of K0-consolidated clay and its rheological simulation[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2010,32(12):1946-1955.
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