飞行员低压舱迅速减压训练气流吹袭装置原理样机研制
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摘要
目的:研制飞行员迅速减压训练气流吹袭装置,使飞行员进行低压舱迅速减压训练时能够同步体验气流吹袭对人体的影响。方法:该吹袭装置由气源、执行机构、喷嘴矩阵、控制系统4个部分组成。高压气体从喷嘴喷出,使高压气体的能量在经过喷嘴时降压膨胀加速转换为高速气流的动能,由多个布置成矩阵的扇形喷嘴实现对人体头胸部位所在平面的气流吹袭。通过有限元模拟仿真分析气流吹袭的速度场,并进行地面迅速减压吹袭试验。结果:有限元模拟仿真分析和吹袭试验的结果均满足吹袭速度不小于15m/s的训练要求。结论:该装置能够使飞行员体验轻度气流吹袭的效果,丰富了低压舱迅速减压训练的内容。
Objective To develop a windblast prototype in the altitude chamber to enable pilots to experience the effects of windblast on human body synchronously during training. Methods The prototype was composed of an air source, an execution mechanism, a jet matrix and a control unit. High-pressure gas underwent decompression, expansion and acceleration after being sprayed from the jets, and its energy was transformed into kinetic energy during the above process. Then the windblast over the plane of the head and chest was realized by multi jets in a matrix. The analysis on the windblast velocity field was executed with finite element simulation, and the windblast test for ground rapid decompression was carried out. Results The finite element simulation and windblast test both proved the windblast velocity (not lower than 15 m/s) met the training requirements. Conclusion The prototype enables pilots to experience the effect of mild windblast, which enriches the contents of decompression training for altitude chamber.
Objective To develop a windblast prototype in the altitude chamber to enable pilots to experience the effects of windblast on human body synchronously during training. Methods The prototype was composed of an air source, an execution mechanism, a jet matrix and a control unit. High-pressure gas underwent decompression, expansion and acceleration after being sprayed from the jets, and its energy was transformed into kinetic energy during the above process. Then the windblast over the plane of the head and chest was realized by multi jets in a matrix. The analysis on the windblast velocity field was executed with finite element simulation, and the windblast test for ground rapid decompression was carried out. Results The finite element simulation and windblast test both proved the windblast velocity (not lower than 15 m/s) met the training requirements. Conclusion The prototype enables pilots to experience the effect of mild windblast, which enriches the contents of decompression training for altitude chamber.
引文
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[12]3U8633航班乘客回忆惊魂20分钟:航班万米高空急坠不少人尖叫[EB/OL].(2018-05-14)[2018-09-15].http://sc.sina.com.cn/news/m/2018-05-14/detail-ihapkuvk4399773.shtml.
[2]朱成科,李庆雨,刘美丽,等.医用空气加压氧舱电磁兼容现场测试方法的研究[J].中国医疗设备,2018,33(11):62-65.
[3]张海峰,孙立臣,刘恩均,等.载人航天器舱门真空检漏设备研制[J].真空与低温,2018,24(5):327-331.
[4]刘牧,袁建新.民用飞机电子设备舱推力回收喷管计算分析[J].民用飞机设计与研究,2017(4):99-102.
[5]洪明.微创血肿清除后脑出血行早期高压氧舱治疗对脑水肿及神经功能的影响[J].中国医疗器械信息,2017,23(24):80-81.
[6]刘毅,孟姣,刘佳,等.新型实验动物低氧舱的研制[J].医疗卫生装备,2017,38(4):13-16.
[7]杨肖委,卢剑锋,李宜汀,等.基于PLC的低压舱控制系统[J].现代机械,2016(1):69-72.
[8]臧斌,顾昭,王桂友,等.低压舱气压弹放式迅速减压装置的研制[J].医疗卫生装备,2017,38(5):18-21.
[9]张朋,田佳林,韩鲁佳,等.基于数值模拟的飞行员高速气流吹袭损伤分析[J].计算物理,2016,33(2):170-176.
[10]朱铮,刘长明.高速飞机弹射救生时的气流吹袭及其防护[J].中国个体防护装备,2013(2):50-52.
[11]魏涛,张大林.弹射救生高速气流吹袭防护气动特性数值模拟[J].应用力学学报,2009,26(4):767-770.
[12]3U8633航班乘客回忆惊魂20分钟:航班万米高空急坠不少人尖叫[EB/OL].(2018-05-14)[2018-09-15].http://sc.sina.com.cn/news/m/2018-05-14/detail-ihapkuvk4399773.shtml.
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