球轴承内圈剥落缺陷双冲击特征动力学建模
|
摘要
基于Hertz接触理论,以内圈滚道表面存在局部剥落的球轴承为研究对象,对球轴承局部剥落故障所激起的非线性激励机理进行研究,分析球轴承双冲击现象激励机理。将滚动体与球轴承内外圈非线性接触特性纳入考虑,提出时变位移激励与时变接触力激励相耦合的球轴承局部剥落双冲击现象动力学模型。研究中采用Runge-Kutta数值积分法求解该二阶非线性动力学微分方程,并对故障球轴承仿真信号进行双冲击时间间隔特征验证。在不同转速和内圈剥落尺寸条件下开展仿真与实验研究,通过仿真和实测信号的双冲击时间间隔与理论双冲击时间间隔对比分析,仿真信号的双冲击时间间隔与理论值对比的误差结果皆小于2%,与实测信号的双冲击时间间隔值对比的误差结果皆小于12%;同时,仿真信号与实测信号具有很好的相似性,从而验证了该动力学模型的有效性。
A ball bearing in the presence of a spall on the inner race was studied.Based on Hertzian elastic contact theory,a research on non-linear excitation mechanism excited by the spall fault was carried out,and the internal excitation mechanism of double-impulse phenomenon was studied.As a result,a novel coupled non-linear dynamic model for double-impulse behavior of the ball bearing with a spall on the inner race was proposed,by considering the contact characteristics between the rolling elements and the bearing races and the excitation mechanism of time-varying displacement and contact force.The coupled solution to the second order non-linear differential equations was obtained by applying the Runge-Kutta numerical integral method,the relationship of double-impulse time spacings extracted from the simulated vibration signal was investigated.By comparison of the simulated,experimental and theoretical double-impulse time spacings under diverse shaft rotating speeds and inner race spall sizes of the ball bearing,all the relative errors between the simulated and theoretical double-impulse time spacings were less than 2 percent,and that between the simulated and the experimental double-impulse time spacings were less than 12 percent.In addition,the simulated signal agreed well with the experimental signal.Consequently,it was concluded that the effectiveness of the proposed nonlinear dynamic model in predicting the double-impulse time separation and vibration characteristics of the ball bearing was well validated.
A ball bearing in the presence of a spall on the inner race was studied.Based on Hertzian elastic contact theory,a research on non-linear excitation mechanism excited by the spall fault was carried out,and the internal excitation mechanism of double-impulse phenomenon was studied.As a result,a novel coupled non-linear dynamic model for double-impulse behavior of the ball bearing with a spall on the inner race was proposed,by considering the contact characteristics between the rolling elements and the bearing races and the excitation mechanism of time-varying displacement and contact force.The coupled solution to the second order non-linear differential equations was obtained by applying the Runge-Kutta numerical integral method,the relationship of double-impulse time spacings extracted from the simulated vibration signal was investigated.By comparison of the simulated,experimental and theoretical double-impulse time spacings under diverse shaft rotating speeds and inner race spall sizes of the ball bearing,all the relative errors between the simulated and theoretical double-impulse time spacings were less than 2 percent,and that between the simulated and the experimental double-impulse time spacings were less than 12 percent.In addition,the simulated signal agreed well with the experimental signal.Consequently,it was concluded that the effectiveness of the proposed nonlinear dynamic model in predicting the double-impulse time separation and vibration characteristics of the ball bearing was well validated.
引文
[1]RUBINI R,MENEGHETTI U.Application of the envelope and wavelet transform analyses for the diagnosis of incipient faults in ball bearings[J].Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing,2001,15(2):287-302.
[2]王国彪,何正嘉,陈雪峰,等.机械故障诊断基础研究“何去何从”[J].机械工程学报,2013,49(1):63-72.WANG Guobiao,HE Zhengjia,CHEN Xuefeng,et al.Basic research on machinery fault diagnosis-what is the prescription[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2013,49(1):63-72.(in Chinese)
[3]周井玲,吴国庆,陈晓阳.氮化硅陶瓷球滚动接触疲劳寿命模型[J].机械工程学报,2008,44(2):37-42.ZHOU Jingling,WU Guoqing,CHEN Xiaoyang.Tensile stress life model for rolling contact fatigue of silicon nitride ceramic balls[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2008,44(2):37-42.(in Chinese)
[4]AHMADI A M,HOWARD C Q,PETERSEN D.The path of rolling elements in defective bearings:Observations,analysis and methods to estimate spall size[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,2015,366:277-292.
[5]唐云冰,高德平,罗贵火.航空发动机高速滚珠轴承力学特性分析与研究[J].航空动力学报,2006,21(2):354-360.TANG Yunbing,GAO Deping,LUO Guihuo.Research of aero-engine high-speed ball bearing[J].Journal of Aerospace Power,2006,21(2):354-360.(in Chinese)
[6]罗贵火,周海仑,王飞,等.含滚动轴承的同向和反向旋转双转子系统动力学响应[J].航空动力学报,2012,27(8):1887-1894.LUO Guihuo,ZHOU Hailun,WANG Fei,et al.Dynamic response of co-rotating and counter-rotating dual-rotor system supported on ball bearing[J].Journal of Aerospace Power,2012,27(8):1887-1894.(in Chinese)
[7]李德水,陈国定,余永健.基于拟动力学高速角接触球轴承动态特性分析[J].航空动力学报,2017,32(3):730-739.LI Deshui,CHEN Guoding,YU Yongjian.Analysis on dynamic characteristics of high speed angular contact ball bearing based on quasi-dynamic[J].Journal of Aerospace Power,2017,32(3):730-739.(in Chinese)
[8]EPPS I K.An investigation into vibrations excited by discrete faults in rolling element bearings[D].Christchurch,New Zealand:University of Canterbury,1991.
[9]SAWALHI N,RANDALL R B.Vibration response of spalled rolling element bearings:observations,simulations and signal processing techniques to track the spall size[J].Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing,2011,25(3):846-870.
[10]MING Anbo,ZHANG Wei,QIN Zhaoye,et al.Double-impulse response model for the acoustic emission produced by a spall and the size evaluation in rolling element bearings[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2015,62(10):6606-6615.
[11]MCFADDEN P D,SMITH J D.Model for the vibration produced by a single point defect in a rolling element bearing[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,1984,96(1):69-82.
[12]PATEL V N,TANDON N,PANDEY R K.A dynamic model for vibration studies of deep groove ball bearings considering single and multiple defects in races[J].Journal of Tribology,2010,132(4):041101.1-0411101.10.
[13]孔佑炳,郭瑜,伍星.基于EEMD的混合陶瓷球轴承故障双冲击特征提取[J].振动与冲击,2016,35(1):17-22.KONG Youbing,GUO Yu,WU Xing.Double-impulse feature extraction of faulty hybrid ceramic ball bearings based on EEMD[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2016,35(1):17-22.(in Chinese)
[14]代士超.滚动轴承外圈故障机理建模及双冲击特征提取方法的研究[D].昆明:昆明理工大学,2015.DAI Shicao.Modelling of rolling bearing outer race fault mechanism and extraction of double impacts feature[D].Kunming:Kunming University of Science and Technology,2015.(in Chinese)
[15]SOPANEN J,MIKKOLA A.Dynamic model of a deepgroove ball bearing including localized and distributed defects:Part 1theory[J].Journal of Multibody Dynamics,2003,217(3):201-211.
[16]ZHANG Zhiyong,CHEN Yushu,CAO Qingjie.Bifurcations and hysteresis of varying compliance vibrations in the primary parametric resonance for a ball bearing[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,2015,350:171-184.
[17]Harris T A.Rolling bearing analysis[M].4th ed.New York:John Wiley and Sons,2001.
[18]HARRIS T,KOTZALAS M.Rolling bearing analysis-essential concepts of bearing technology[M].5th ed.New York:Taylor and Francis,2007.
[19]SUNNERSJOC S.Varying compliance vibrations of rolling bearings[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,1978,58(3):363-373.
[20]JONES A B.Ball motion and sliding friction in ball bearings[J].Journal of Basic Engineering,1959,81(3):1-12.
[21]JONES A B.A general theory for elastically constrained ball and radial roller bearings under arbitrary load and speed conditions[J].Journal of Basic Engineering,1960,82(2):309-320.
[2]王国彪,何正嘉,陈雪峰,等.机械故障诊断基础研究“何去何从”[J].机械工程学报,2013,49(1):63-72.WANG Guobiao,HE Zhengjia,CHEN Xuefeng,et al.Basic research on machinery fault diagnosis-what is the prescription[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2013,49(1):63-72.(in Chinese)
[3]周井玲,吴国庆,陈晓阳.氮化硅陶瓷球滚动接触疲劳寿命模型[J].机械工程学报,2008,44(2):37-42.ZHOU Jingling,WU Guoqing,CHEN Xiaoyang.Tensile stress life model for rolling contact fatigue of silicon nitride ceramic balls[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2008,44(2):37-42.(in Chinese)
[4]AHMADI A M,HOWARD C Q,PETERSEN D.The path of rolling elements in defective bearings:Observations,analysis and methods to estimate spall size[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,2015,366:277-292.
[5]唐云冰,高德平,罗贵火.航空发动机高速滚珠轴承力学特性分析与研究[J].航空动力学报,2006,21(2):354-360.TANG Yunbing,GAO Deping,LUO Guihuo.Research of aero-engine high-speed ball bearing[J].Journal of Aerospace Power,2006,21(2):354-360.(in Chinese)
[6]罗贵火,周海仑,王飞,等.含滚动轴承的同向和反向旋转双转子系统动力学响应[J].航空动力学报,2012,27(8):1887-1894.LUO Guihuo,ZHOU Hailun,WANG Fei,et al.Dynamic response of co-rotating and counter-rotating dual-rotor system supported on ball bearing[J].Journal of Aerospace Power,2012,27(8):1887-1894.(in Chinese)
[7]李德水,陈国定,余永健.基于拟动力学高速角接触球轴承动态特性分析[J].航空动力学报,2017,32(3):730-739.LI Deshui,CHEN Guoding,YU Yongjian.Analysis on dynamic characteristics of high speed angular contact ball bearing based on quasi-dynamic[J].Journal of Aerospace Power,2017,32(3):730-739.(in Chinese)
[8]EPPS I K.An investigation into vibrations excited by discrete faults in rolling element bearings[D].Christchurch,New Zealand:University of Canterbury,1991.
[9]SAWALHI N,RANDALL R B.Vibration response of spalled rolling element bearings:observations,simulations and signal processing techniques to track the spall size[J].Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing,2011,25(3):846-870.
[10]MING Anbo,ZHANG Wei,QIN Zhaoye,et al.Double-impulse response model for the acoustic emission produced by a spall and the size evaluation in rolling element bearings[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2015,62(10):6606-6615.
[11]MCFADDEN P D,SMITH J D.Model for the vibration produced by a single point defect in a rolling element bearing[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,1984,96(1):69-82.
[12]PATEL V N,TANDON N,PANDEY R K.A dynamic model for vibration studies of deep groove ball bearings considering single and multiple defects in races[J].Journal of Tribology,2010,132(4):041101.1-0411101.10.
[13]孔佑炳,郭瑜,伍星.基于EEMD的混合陶瓷球轴承故障双冲击特征提取[J].振动与冲击,2016,35(1):17-22.KONG Youbing,GUO Yu,WU Xing.Double-impulse feature extraction of faulty hybrid ceramic ball bearings based on EEMD[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2016,35(1):17-22.(in Chinese)
[14]代士超.滚动轴承外圈故障机理建模及双冲击特征提取方法的研究[D].昆明:昆明理工大学,2015.DAI Shicao.Modelling of rolling bearing outer race fault mechanism and extraction of double impacts feature[D].Kunming:Kunming University of Science and Technology,2015.(in Chinese)
[15]SOPANEN J,MIKKOLA A.Dynamic model of a deepgroove ball bearing including localized and distributed defects:Part 1theory[J].Journal of Multibody Dynamics,2003,217(3):201-211.
[16]ZHANG Zhiyong,CHEN Yushu,CAO Qingjie.Bifurcations and hysteresis of varying compliance vibrations in the primary parametric resonance for a ball bearing[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,2015,350:171-184.
[17]Harris T A.Rolling bearing analysis[M].4th ed.New York:John Wiley and Sons,2001.
[18]HARRIS T,KOTZALAS M.Rolling bearing analysis-essential concepts of bearing technology[M].5th ed.New York:Taylor and Francis,2007.
[19]SUNNERSJOC S.Varying compliance vibrations of rolling bearings[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,1978,58(3):363-373.
[20]JONES A B.Ball motion and sliding friction in ball bearings[J].Journal of Basic Engineering,1959,81(3):1-12.
[21]JONES A B.A general theory for elastically constrained ball and radial roller bearings under arbitrary load and speed conditions[J].Journal of Basic Engineering,1960,82(2):309-320.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |