镉对大鼠大脑皮质微量元素含量的影响及葛根素的保护效应
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摘要
为探究镉(Cd)暴露对大鼠大脑皮质内镉含量及微量元素锰(Mn)、铜(Cu)、铁(Fe)、锌(Zn)、硒(Se)含量的影响并探究葛根素(Pur)的保护作用,本试验将40只雄性大鼠随机分为4组,每组10只,分别为对照组(Con)、镉组(Cd)、镉与葛根素共处理组(Cd+Pur)和葛根素组(Pur)。葛根素组、镉与葛根素共处理组大鼠每日灌服葛根素,对照组、镉组大鼠每日灌服相同剂量的纯净水,连续处理5周;镉组、镉与葛根素共处理组大鼠从第5周开始腹腔注射醋酸镉染毒,连续处理1周。在试验结束时采用原子吸收分光光度法测定大鼠大脑皮质内镉与各微量元素含量。结果显示,与对照组比较,镉组大鼠大脑皮质内Cd含量极显著升高(P<0.01),微量元素Mn、Cu、Fe、Zn、Se含量显著或极显著降低(P<0.05或P<0.01);与镉组比较,镉与葛根素共处理组大鼠大脑皮质内Cd含量极显著降低(P<0.01),Fe含量显著升高(P<0.05),Mn、Cu、Zn、Se含量升高,但无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结果表明,添加葛根素对镉暴露致大鼠大脑皮质的微量元素平衡紊乱具有一定的保护效应。
In order to evaluate the effects of cadmium exposure on trace elements in cerebral cortex of rats and the protective effects of puerarin,forty adult male SD rats were divided into four groups randomly:control group,cadmium group(Cd),cadmium and puerarin co-treated group(Cd+Pur),puerarin group(Pur).Rats of the co-treated group and the puerarin group were treated with puerarin by intragastric administration for five weeks,respectively.At the same time,the same dose of purified water was given to rats by intragastric administration concurrently in the control group and the cadmium group.Rats of the cadmium group and the co-treated group were administered with cadmium by intraperitoneal injection to rats over one week from the fifth week,respectively.At the end of this treatment protocol,the content of trace elements in cerebral cortex was detected by atomic absorption spectrophotometer.Compared to the control group,the results showed that the contents of Cd in cerebral cortex of the rats in the cadmium group were significantly increased(P<0.01),and there was a significant or extremely significant reduction in the contents of Mn,Cu,Fe,Zn and Se(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Compared to the cadmium group,the content of Cd in cerebral cortex of the rats treated with cadmium and puerarin decreased significantly(P<0.01).Meanwhile,the content of Fe was significantly increased(P<0.05),while Mn,Cu,Zn and Se increased,but there was no significant difference(P>0.05).The results suggested that puerarin has certain protective effect on disorder of trace elements in cerebral cortex of the rats exposed to cadmium.
In order to evaluate the effects of cadmium exposure on trace elements in cerebral cortex of rats and the protective effects of puerarin,forty adult male SD rats were divided into four groups randomly:control group,cadmium group(Cd),cadmium and puerarin co-treated group(Cd+Pur),puerarin group(Pur).Rats of the co-treated group and the puerarin group were treated with puerarin by intragastric administration for five weeks,respectively.At the same time,the same dose of purified water was given to rats by intragastric administration concurrently in the control group and the cadmium group.Rats of the cadmium group and the co-treated group were administered with cadmium by intraperitoneal injection to rats over one week from the fifth week,respectively.At the end of this treatment protocol,the content of trace elements in cerebral cortex was detected by atomic absorption spectrophotometer.Compared to the control group,the results showed that the contents of Cd in cerebral cortex of the rats in the cadmium group were significantly increased(P<0.01),and there was a significant or extremely significant reduction in the contents of Mn,Cu,Fe,Zn and Se(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Compared to the cadmium group,the content of Cd in cerebral cortex of the rats treated with cadmium and puerarin decreased significantly(P<0.01).Meanwhile,the content of Fe was significantly increased(P<0.05),while Mn,Cu,Zn and Se increased,but there was no significant difference(P>0.05).The results suggested that puerarin has certain protective effect on disorder of trace elements in cerebral cortex of the rats exposed to cadmium.
引文
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[9]陶志文.葛根素通过MCP-1和TGF-β途径抑制小鼠心肌梗死后心肌过度纤维化[D].南京:南京医科大学,2017.TAO Zhi-wen.Puerarin inhibits cardiac fibrosis via monocyte chemoattractant protein(MCP)-1 and the transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1)pathway in myocar dial infarction mice[D]. Nanjing:Nanjing Medical University,2017.(in Chinese)
[10]朱庆磊,何爱霞,吕欣然.葛根素对氧自由基的清除和抗氧化性损伤作用[J].解放军药学学报,2001,17(1):1-3.ZHU Qing-lei,HE Ai-xia,L譈Xin-ran.Effects of puerarin on the scavenge of oxygen free radicals and the antagonism against oxidative injury[J].Pharmaceutical Journal of Chinese People's Liberation Army,2001,17(1):1-3.(in Chinese)
[11]王玉,万海同,严伟民,等.川芎嗪与葛根素合用对海马神经元损伤后的影响[J].中国中药杂志,2008,33(4):424.WANG Yu,WAN Hai-tong,YAN Wei-min,et al.Effects of ligustrazine combined with puerarin on hippocampal neurons injury[J].China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica,2008,33(4):424.(in Chinese)
[12]刘莉莉,林岚,殷霄,等.镉毒性研究进展[J].中国职业医学,2012,39(5):445-447.LIU Li-li,LIN Lan,YIN Xiao,et al.Research progess on cadmium toxicity[J].China Occupational Medicine,2012,39(5):445-447.(in Chinese)
[13] MONDEZ-ARMENTA M,R魱OS C.Cadmium neurotoxicity[J]. Environmental Toxicology&Pharmacology,2007,23(3):350-358.
[14] ESQUIFINO A I,MARQUEZ N,ALVAREZ-DEMANUEL E,et al.Effects of chronic alternating cadmium exposure on the episodic secretion of prolactin in male rats[J].Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine Biology,1999,12(4):205-210.
[15]秦俊法.微量元素与阿尔茨海默病(1)[J].广东微量元素科学,2015,22(5):1-17.QIN Jun-fa.Trace elements and alzheimer's disease(1)[J].Guangdong Trace Elements Science,2015,22(5):1-17.(in Chinese)
[16] BREMNER I.Heavy metal toxicities[J].Quarterly Reviews of Biophysics,1974,7(1):75-124.
[17] LU X,WANG C,LIU B.The role of Cu/Zn-SOD and Mn-SOD in the immune response to oxidative stress and pathogen challenge in the clam Meretrix meretrix[J].Fish&Shellfish Immunology,2015,42(1):58-65.
[18] KOSANOVIC M,JOKANOVIC M.The association of expo sure to cadmium through cigarette smoke with pregnancy-induced hypertension in a selenium deficient population[J].Environmental Toxicology&Pharmacology,2007,24(1):72-78.
[19]陈洁,赵世文,杨金龙,等.亚慢性铅与镉单独或联合暴露致大鼠氧化损伤作用及α-硫辛酸的保护效应[J].中国兽医科学,2018,48(6):790-796.CHEN Jie,ZHAO Shi-wen,YANG Jin-long,et al.Oxidative damage of sub-chronic exposure to lead and/or cadmium in rats and the protection ofα-lipoic acid[J].Chinese Veterinary Science,2018,48(6):790-796.(in Chinese)
[20]赵汉嵩.亚慢性染铝致大鼠肝损伤的研究[D].哈尔滨:东北农业大学,2011.ZHAO Han-song.Study of liver injury induced by subchronic aluminum exposure in rats[D].Harbin:Northeast Agricultural University,2011.(in Chinese)
[21]刘沙,郑玉建,张杰.硒对砷致大鼠学习记忆损伤的干预作用研究[J].新疆医科大学学报,2017,40(4):477-480,485.LIU Sha,ZHENG Yu-jian,ZHANG Jie.Effects of selenium on learning and memory impairment induced by arsenic in rats[J].Journal of Xinjiang Medical University,2017,40(4):477-480,485.(in Chinese)
[22]荔霞,刘永明,齐志明,等.锌对小鼠机体抗氧化酶活性及NO、MDA含量的影响[J].家畜生态学报,2008,29(5):65-68.LI Xia,LIU Yong-ming,QI Zhi-ming,et al.Effect of Zn on activity of antioxidation enzymes and content of MDA and NO in mice[J].Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology,2008,29(5):65-68.(in Chinese)
[23]曾祥伟,冯倩,张莹莹,等.葛根素对炎症相关疾病研究进展[J].中国药理学通报,2018,34(1):8-11.ZENG Xiang-wei,FENG Qian,ZHANG Ying-ying,et al.Effect of puerarin on inflammation-related diseases[J].Chinese Pharmacological Bulletin,2018,34(1):8-11.(in Chinese)
[24]龙梦菲.葛根素对镉致大鼠肾脏损伤的保护效应[D].扬州:扬州大学,2018.LONG Meng-fei.The protective effect of puerarin on cadmium induced renal injury in rats[D].Yangzhou:Yangzhou University,2018.(in Chinese)
[25]邹思颖,张立实.葛根素的抗氧化活性研究[J].食品安全质量检测学报,2017,8(12):4818-4821.ZOU Si-ying,ZHANG Li-shi.Research on the antioxidation of puerarin[J].Journal of Food Safety and Quality,2017,8(12):4818-4821.(in Chinese)
[26]胡安新.微量元素的生理功能及元素间的相互作用[C]//.山东省科学技术协会.第三届泰山微量元素高级论坛.济南:山东省科学技术协会,2009:177-179.HU An-xin.Physiological functions of trace elements and interactions between elements[C]//Shandong Association for Science&Technology.The 3rd Taishan High Level Forum on Trace Elements.Jinan:Shandong Association for Science&Technology,2009:177-179.(in Chinese)
[27]钟山,任波,邓铭,等.几种微量元素的协同作用与拮抗作用的研究[J].湖北医科大学学报,1999(2):107-108.ZHONG Shan,REN Bo,DENG Ming,et al.Studies on coordination and antagonism of some trace elements[J].Journal of Hubei Medical University,1999(2):107-108.(in Chinese)
[2]张雅静.Fas/FasL信号转导通路在镉致神经细胞凋亡中的作用及NAC的保护效应[D].扬州:扬州大学,2016.ZHANG Ya-jing.Role of Fas/FasL signaling pathway in cadmium induced neural apoptosis and protect effect of NAC[D].Yangzhou:Yangzhou University,2016.(in Chinese)
[3] BENOFF S,JACOB A,HURLEY I R.Male infertility and environmental exposure to lead and cadmium[J].Human Reproduction Update,2000,6(2):107.
[4] VIAENE M K,MASSCHELEIN R,LEENDERS J,et al.Neurobehavioural effects of occupational exposure to cadmium:a cross sectional epidemiological study[J].Occupational&Environmental Medicine,2000,57(1):19-27.
[5]任倩.雷帕霉素抑制镉诱导小鼠脑神经细胞氧化应激和mTOR通路激活抗凋亡机理研究[D].南京:南京师范大学,2013.REN Qian.Studies on mechanisms of rapamycin against neuronal apoptosis by inhibiting oxidative stress and activation of mTOR pathway in cadmium-induced mouse brain[D].Nanjing:Nanjing Normal University,2013.(in Chinese)
[6]路浩.铅镉联合对新生大鼠中枢神经系统的毒性损伤及NAC保护效应的研究[D].扬州:扬州大学,2008.LU Hao.The toxic damage of combined lead and cadmium and protective effect of NAC on central nervous system in neonatal rats[D].Yangzhou:Yangzhou University,2008.(in Chinese)
[7]文志高.大脑与微量元素[J].世界元素医学,2009,16(2):34-35.WEN Zhi-gao.The brain and trace elements[J].World Elemental Medicine,2009,16(2):34-35.(in Chinese)
[8]宋卉,李银花,郑晖,等.葛根素的药理作用与临床研究进展[J].现代医药卫生,2011,27(19):2936-2937.SONG Hui,LI Yin-hua,ZHENG Hui,et al.Pharmacological action and clinical research progress of Puerarin[J].Mod ern Medicine&Health,2011,27(19):2936-2937.(in Chinese)
[9]陶志文.葛根素通过MCP-1和TGF-β途径抑制小鼠心肌梗死后心肌过度纤维化[D].南京:南京医科大学,2017.TAO Zhi-wen.Puerarin inhibits cardiac fibrosis via monocyte chemoattractant protein(MCP)-1 and the transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1)pathway in myocar dial infarction mice[D]. Nanjing:Nanjing Medical University,2017.(in Chinese)
[10]朱庆磊,何爱霞,吕欣然.葛根素对氧自由基的清除和抗氧化性损伤作用[J].解放军药学学报,2001,17(1):1-3.ZHU Qing-lei,HE Ai-xia,L譈Xin-ran.Effects of puerarin on the scavenge of oxygen free radicals and the antagonism against oxidative injury[J].Pharmaceutical Journal of Chinese People's Liberation Army,2001,17(1):1-3.(in Chinese)
[11]王玉,万海同,严伟民,等.川芎嗪与葛根素合用对海马神经元损伤后的影响[J].中国中药杂志,2008,33(4):424.WANG Yu,WAN Hai-tong,YAN Wei-min,et al.Effects of ligustrazine combined with puerarin on hippocampal neurons injury[J].China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica,2008,33(4):424.(in Chinese)
[12]刘莉莉,林岚,殷霄,等.镉毒性研究进展[J].中国职业医学,2012,39(5):445-447.LIU Li-li,LIN Lan,YIN Xiao,et al.Research progess on cadmium toxicity[J].China Occupational Medicine,2012,39(5):445-447.(in Chinese)
[13] MONDEZ-ARMENTA M,R魱OS C.Cadmium neurotoxicity[J]. Environmental Toxicology&Pharmacology,2007,23(3):350-358.
[14] ESQUIFINO A I,MARQUEZ N,ALVAREZ-DEMANUEL E,et al.Effects of chronic alternating cadmium exposure on the episodic secretion of prolactin in male rats[J].Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine Biology,1999,12(4):205-210.
[15]秦俊法.微量元素与阿尔茨海默病(1)[J].广东微量元素科学,2015,22(5):1-17.QIN Jun-fa.Trace elements and alzheimer's disease(1)[J].Guangdong Trace Elements Science,2015,22(5):1-17.(in Chinese)
[16] BREMNER I.Heavy metal toxicities[J].Quarterly Reviews of Biophysics,1974,7(1):75-124.
[17] LU X,WANG C,LIU B.The role of Cu/Zn-SOD and Mn-SOD in the immune response to oxidative stress and pathogen challenge in the clam Meretrix meretrix[J].Fish&Shellfish Immunology,2015,42(1):58-65.
[18] KOSANOVIC M,JOKANOVIC M.The association of expo sure to cadmium through cigarette smoke with pregnancy-induced hypertension in a selenium deficient population[J].Environmental Toxicology&Pharmacology,2007,24(1):72-78.
[19]陈洁,赵世文,杨金龙,等.亚慢性铅与镉单独或联合暴露致大鼠氧化损伤作用及α-硫辛酸的保护效应[J].中国兽医科学,2018,48(6):790-796.CHEN Jie,ZHAO Shi-wen,YANG Jin-long,et al.Oxidative damage of sub-chronic exposure to lead and/or cadmium in rats and the protection ofα-lipoic acid[J].Chinese Veterinary Science,2018,48(6):790-796.(in Chinese)
[20]赵汉嵩.亚慢性染铝致大鼠肝损伤的研究[D].哈尔滨:东北农业大学,2011.ZHAO Han-song.Study of liver injury induced by subchronic aluminum exposure in rats[D].Harbin:Northeast Agricultural University,2011.(in Chinese)
[21]刘沙,郑玉建,张杰.硒对砷致大鼠学习记忆损伤的干预作用研究[J].新疆医科大学学报,2017,40(4):477-480,485.LIU Sha,ZHENG Yu-jian,ZHANG Jie.Effects of selenium on learning and memory impairment induced by arsenic in rats[J].Journal of Xinjiang Medical University,2017,40(4):477-480,485.(in Chinese)
[22]荔霞,刘永明,齐志明,等.锌对小鼠机体抗氧化酶活性及NO、MDA含量的影响[J].家畜生态学报,2008,29(5):65-68.LI Xia,LIU Yong-ming,QI Zhi-ming,et al.Effect of Zn on activity of antioxidation enzymes and content of MDA and NO in mice[J].Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology,2008,29(5):65-68.(in Chinese)
[23]曾祥伟,冯倩,张莹莹,等.葛根素对炎症相关疾病研究进展[J].中国药理学通报,2018,34(1):8-11.ZENG Xiang-wei,FENG Qian,ZHANG Ying-ying,et al.Effect of puerarin on inflammation-related diseases[J].Chinese Pharmacological Bulletin,2018,34(1):8-11.(in Chinese)
[24]龙梦菲.葛根素对镉致大鼠肾脏损伤的保护效应[D].扬州:扬州大学,2018.LONG Meng-fei.The protective effect of puerarin on cadmium induced renal injury in rats[D].Yangzhou:Yangzhou University,2018.(in Chinese)
[25]邹思颖,张立实.葛根素的抗氧化活性研究[J].食品安全质量检测学报,2017,8(12):4818-4821.ZOU Si-ying,ZHANG Li-shi.Research on the antioxidation of puerarin[J].Journal of Food Safety and Quality,2017,8(12):4818-4821.(in Chinese)
[26]胡安新.微量元素的生理功能及元素间的相互作用[C]//.山东省科学技术协会.第三届泰山微量元素高级论坛.济南:山东省科学技术协会,2009:177-179.HU An-xin.Physiological functions of trace elements and interactions between elements[C]//Shandong Association for Science&Technology.The 3rd Taishan High Level Forum on Trace Elements.Jinan:Shandong Association for Science&Technology,2009:177-179.(in Chinese)
[27]钟山,任波,邓铭,等.几种微量元素的协同作用与拮抗作用的研究[J].湖北医科大学学报,1999(2):107-108.ZHONG Shan,REN Bo,DENG Ming,et al.Studies on coordination and antagonism of some trace elements[J].Journal of Hubei Medical University,1999(2):107-108.(in Chinese)
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