复方产品对热应激泌乳奶牛生产性能及经济效益的影响
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摘要
为研究复方产品对热应激奶牛采食量、产奶量的影响,选择荷斯坦泌乳奶牛56头,按随机区组方式分为对照组与试验组,每组28头。对照组不做任何处理,试验组添加复方产品200 g/(头·d),试验周期为30 d。试验期间,每天统计各组干物质采食量与产奶量,每周采集一次奶样用于检测乳指标。结果显示,在试验组中添加200 g/(头·d)复方产品,可提高奶牛干物质采食量0.71 kg/d,产奶量增加1.51 kg/d,且停止使用1月内试验组产奶量仍比对照组高2.26 kg/d。试验期内,试验组比对照组每头每天增加净收益0.21元;试验后一个月内,试验组比对照组每头每天增加净收益7.68元。试验结果表明,该复方产品对缓解奶牛夏季热应激、提高奶牛生产性能、增加经济收益有积极作用。
In order to study the effect of compound products on food intake and milk yield of heat-stressed cows,56 Holstein lactating cows were selected and divided into control group and experimental group according to the random block method,28 cows in each group.The control group was fed basal diet and test group fed the basal diet which was added compound products 200 g per head per day.The test was lasted for 30 days.During the experiment,the dry matter intake(DMI) and milk yield of each group were counted every day,and milk samples were collected once a week for testing milk indexes.The results showed that adding 200 g per head per day compound product in the experimental group could increase the dry matter intake of cows by 0.71 kg/d and increase the milk yield by 1.51 kg/d,and the milk yield of the experimental group was still 2.26 kg/d higher than that of the control group within 1 month after discontinued use.During the trial period,the net income of the experimental group increased by 0.21 yuan per head per day compared with the control group.Within one month after the experiment,the net income of the experimental group was 7.68 yuan per head per day higher than that of the control group.The results showed that the compound products had a positive effect on relieving the heat stress of lactating cows in summer,improving the performance of lactating cows and increasing economic benefits.
In order to study the effect of compound products on food intake and milk yield of heat-stressed cows,56 Holstein lactating cows were selected and divided into control group and experimental group according to the random block method,28 cows in each group.The control group was fed basal diet and test group fed the basal diet which was added compound products 200 g per head per day.The test was lasted for 30 days.During the experiment,the dry matter intake(DMI) and milk yield of each group were counted every day,and milk samples were collected once a week for testing milk indexes.The results showed that adding 200 g per head per day compound product in the experimental group could increase the dry matter intake of cows by 0.71 kg/d and increase the milk yield by 1.51 kg/d,and the milk yield of the experimental group was still 2.26 kg/d higher than that of the control group within 1 month after discontinued use.During the trial period,the net income of the experimental group increased by 0.21 yuan per head per day compared with the control group.Within one month after the experiment,the net income of the experimental group was 7.68 yuan per head per day higher than that of the control group.The results showed that the compound products had a positive effect on relieving the heat stress of lactating cows in summer,improving the performance of lactating cows and increasing economic benefits.
引文
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[12]吕继蓉,赵华修,喻麟,等.添加不同凋味剂对奶牛生产性能的影响[J].饲料研究,2004(7):33-35.
[13]ZAWORSKI E M,YOON I,BOBE G,et al.Effects of feeding various dosages of Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation product in transition dairy cows[J].J Dairy Sci,2014,97:3 081-3 098.
[14]ZHU W,YOON I,LIU J X,et al.Effects of supplemental levels of saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation product on lactation performance in dairy cows under heat stress[J].Asian Australas J Anim Sci.2016,29(6):801-806.
[15]YASUI T,MCART A A J,RYAN C M,et al.Effects of chromium propionate supplementation during the periparturient period and early lactation on metabolism,performance,and cytological endometritis in dairy cows[J].J Dairy Sci,2014,97:6 400-6 410.
[16]张拴林,陈燕红,袁霞,等.硒和维生素E对奶牛生产性能及血液生化指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2012,24(12):2 485-2 490.
[17]董卫星,王冬梅.纳米硒和维生素E对热应激奶牛抗氧化性能的影响[J].中国奶牛,2009(9):22-24.
[18]魏玉荣,沈国顺,刘丽娜,等.维生素C缓解动物热应激机理的探讨[J].中国畜牧兽医,2006,33(3):18-20.
[2]杨毅,粱荣蝾,刘庆华,等.轻微至中度热应激对荷斯坦奶牛生理指标及产奶性能的影响[J].中国农学通报,2009,25(24):28-31.
[3]张玉生,柳巨雄,刘娜.动物生理学[M].长春:吉林人民出版社,2000.
[4]WIERSMA F.Temperature-humidity index table for dairy producers to estimate heat stress for dairy cows[J].Dept Agric Eng,Univ Arizona,Tucson,1990.
[5]段旭东,徐国忠,张克春,等.上海地区温湿指数与奶牛生理指标相关性的研究[J].乳业科学与技术,2011(1):39-41.
[6]王海微,卜登攀,赵小伟,等.奶牛抗热应激饲料添加剂的研究进展[J].中国畜牧兽医,2012,39(9):114-118.
[7]中华人民共和国农业部公告第2045号.饲料添加剂品种目录(2013)[EB/OL].2013.http://www.moa.gov.cn/gk/tzgg_1/gg/201401/t20140103_3730193.htm.
[8]中华人民共和国农业部.奶牛饲养需要:NY/T 34-2004[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2004.
[9]INGRAHAM R H,GILLETTE D D,WAGNER W D.Relation oftemperatureand humidity to conception rate of Holstein COWS in subtropicalclimate[J].J Dairy Sc,1974,57:476-481.
[10]BURGOS-ZIMBELMAN R,COLLIER R J.Feeding strategies for high-producing dairy cows during periods of elevated heat and humidity[C].Tri-State Dairy Nutrition Conference,2011,Fort Wayne,IN,USA.111-126.
[11]穆淑琴,李鹏,李平,等.日粮中添加调味剂对围产期奶牛采食量、产后体重和体况评分的影响[J].中国奶牛,2011(20):22-25.
[12]吕继蓉,赵华修,喻麟,等.添加不同凋味剂对奶牛生产性能的影响[J].饲料研究,2004(7):33-35.
[13]ZAWORSKI E M,YOON I,BOBE G,et al.Effects of feeding various dosages of Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation product in transition dairy cows[J].J Dairy Sci,2014,97:3 081-3 098.
[14]ZHU W,YOON I,LIU J X,et al.Effects of supplemental levels of saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation product on lactation performance in dairy cows under heat stress[J].Asian Australas J Anim Sci.2016,29(6):801-806.
[15]YASUI T,MCART A A J,RYAN C M,et al.Effects of chromium propionate supplementation during the periparturient period and early lactation on metabolism,performance,and cytological endometritis in dairy cows[J].J Dairy Sci,2014,97:6 400-6 410.
[16]张拴林,陈燕红,袁霞,等.硒和维生素E对奶牛生产性能及血液生化指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2012,24(12):2 485-2 490.
[17]董卫星,王冬梅.纳米硒和维生素E对热应激奶牛抗氧化性能的影响[J].中国奶牛,2009(9):22-24.
[18]魏玉荣,沈国顺,刘丽娜,等.维生素C缓解动物热应激机理的探讨[J].中国畜牧兽医,2006,33(3):18-20.
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