不同耕作措施对黄土高原区域大豆根际土壤微生物量、酶活性和养分的影响
|
摘要
选择免耕(NT)、秸秆覆盖(SM)、地膜覆盖(PM)和起垄覆膜(RPM)4种保护性耕作措施为研究对象,以传统耕作(CT)为对照,通过测定根际土与非根际土的微生物量、酶活性及养分质量分数,研究不同耕作措施对不同微域土壤碳氮质量分数及微生物特征的影响。结果表明:(1)土壤微生物量和酶活性均呈现根际>非根际的规律,且与对照相比,各保护性耕作处理均有提高。RPM和SM处理的根际土壤微生物碳质量分数分别提高51.78%和24.62%,微生物量氮的富集率则分别达到48.13%、46.04%;NT、SM、RPM处理的蔗糖酶活性较CT处理分别提高了113.35%、113.10%、74.75%(P<0.05);(2)4种不同保护性耕作措施的土壤养分质量分数均有提高,其中RPM和SM与CT相比差异显著,效果更加明显,并且有效降低了土壤pH。根际土壤的全氮、铵态氮、硝态氮和有机碳质量分数均高于非根际土壤,各处理均表现出一定程度的富集,其中全氮和硝态氮的富集率以RPM处理最高,分别为16.9%和45.06%。(3)根际土壤的养分质量分数、酶活性以及微生物生物量之间的相关性程度高于非根际土壤,根际土壤中微生物量与酶活性之间存在着显著的正相关性,过氧化氢酶和蔗糖酶这2种酶均与养分间显著相关,而脲酶则无显著相关。综上,在黄土高原区域内,秸秆还田和起垄覆膜更有利于改良土壤理化性状和提高土壤生物学特性。
To explore the effect of tillage measures on carbon and nitrogen content, and microbial characteristics in rhizosphere soil, four conservation tillage measures, including no-tillage(NT), straw mulching(SM), plastic mulching(PM), and ridging and plastic mulching(RPM), were selected as subjects in this study, while conventional tillage(CT) was used as a control. We determined the microbial biomass, enzyme activity and nutrient content in rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil. The results showed:(1) The rhizosphere soil had higher microbial biomass and soil enzyme activity than non-rhizosphere soil, and conservation tillage treatments had the same tendency compared with the control. In rhizosphere soil, the mass fraction of microbial biomass organic carbon increased by 51.78% in RPM and 24.62% in SM, and the enrichment rate of microbial biomass nitrogen reached 48.13% in RPM and 46.04% in SM; The enzyme activity of rhizosphere soil in NT, SM, RPM increased by 113.35%, 113.10%, and 74.75%, respectively(P<0.05).(2) The soil nutrient mass fraction increased in four conservation tillage managements. Especially, RPM and SM had significantly higher nutrient mass fraction than the control CT, and the soil pH was effectively reduced. The total nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and organic carbon in the rhizosphere soil were higher than those in the non-rhizosphere soil, and each treatment showed enrichment to a certain extent. The RPM had the highest enrichment rate, 16.9% for total nitrogen and 45.06% for nitrate nitrogen mass fraction, respectively.(3) The correlation between the indexes of rhizosphere soil was higher than that of non-rhizosphere soil. There was a significant positive correlation between microbial biomass and enzyme activity in rhizosphere soil. Both catalase and sucrase were correlated with soil nutrients. with the exception of urease. In summary, in the Loess Plateau region, ridging and plastic mulching is conducive to improving soil physical and chemical properties and improving soil biological characteristics.
To explore the effect of tillage measures on carbon and nitrogen content, and microbial characteristics in rhizosphere soil, four conservation tillage measures, including no-tillage(NT), straw mulching(SM), plastic mulching(PM), and ridging and plastic mulching(RPM), were selected as subjects in this study, while conventional tillage(CT) was used as a control. We determined the microbial biomass, enzyme activity and nutrient content in rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil. The results showed:(1) The rhizosphere soil had higher microbial biomass and soil enzyme activity than non-rhizosphere soil, and conservation tillage treatments had the same tendency compared with the control. In rhizosphere soil, the mass fraction of microbial biomass organic carbon increased by 51.78% in RPM and 24.62% in SM, and the enrichment rate of microbial biomass nitrogen reached 48.13% in RPM and 46.04% in SM; The enzyme activity of rhizosphere soil in NT, SM, RPM increased by 113.35%, 113.10%, and 74.75%, respectively(P<0.05).(2) The soil nutrient mass fraction increased in four conservation tillage managements. Especially, RPM and SM had significantly higher nutrient mass fraction than the control CT, and the soil pH was effectively reduced. The total nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and organic carbon in the rhizosphere soil were higher than those in the non-rhizosphere soil, and each treatment showed enrichment to a certain extent. The RPM had the highest enrichment rate, 16.9% for total nitrogen and 45.06% for nitrate nitrogen mass fraction, respectively.(3) The correlation between the indexes of rhizosphere soil was higher than that of non-rhizosphere soil. There was a significant positive correlation between microbial biomass and enzyme activity in rhizosphere soil. Both catalase and sucrase were correlated with soil nutrients. with the exception of urease. In summary, in the Loess Plateau region, ridging and plastic mulching is conducive to improving soil physical and chemical properties and improving soil biological characteristics.
引文
[1] 王传杰,肖婧,蔡岸冬,等.不同气候与施肥条件下农田土壤微生物生物量特征与容量分析[J].中国农业科学,2017,50(6):1067-1075. WANG CH J,XIAO J,CAI A D,et al.Capacity and characteristics of soil microbial biomass under various climate and fertilization conditions across China croplands[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2017,50(6):1067-1075.
[2] 杨凯,朱教君,张金鑫,等.不同林龄落叶松人工林土壤微生物生物量碳氮的季节变化[J].生态学报,2009,29(10):5500-5507. YANG K,ZHU J J,ZHANG J X,et al.Seasonal dynamics of soil microbial biomass C and N in two larch plantation forests with different ages in Northeastern China[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2009,29(10):5500-5507.
[3] 王长庭,龙瑞军,王启兰,等.放牧扰动下高寒草甸植物多样性、生产力对土壤养分条件变化的响应[J].生态学报,2008,28(9):4144-4152. WANG CH T,LONG R J,WANG Q L,et al.Response of plant diversity and productivity to soil resources changing under grazing disturbance on an alpinemeadow[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2008,28(9):4144-4152.
[4] 汪娟,蔡立群,毕冬梅,等.保护性耕作对麦-豆轮作土壤有机碳全氮及微生物量碳氮的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2009,28(7):1516-1521. WANG J,CAI L Q,BI D M,et al.Effects of conservation tillage on the SOC,TN,SMBC and SMBN in two wequence rotation systems with spring wheat and pea [J].Journal of Agro-Environment Science,2009,28(7):1516-1521.
[5] 李鑫,马瑞萍,安韶山,等.黄土高原不同植被带土壤团聚体有机碳和酶活性的粒径分布特征[J].应用生态学报,2015,26(8):2282-2290. LI X,MA R P,AN SH SH,et al.Characteristics of soil organic carbon and enzyme actives in soil aggregates under different vegetational zone on the Loess Plateau [J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2015,26(8):2282-2290.
[6] 梁国鹏,吴会军,武雪萍,等.施氮量对夏玉米根际和非根际土壤酶活性及氮含量的影响[J].应用生态学报,2016,27(6):1917-1924. LIANG G P,WU H J,WU X P,et al.Soil nitrogen content and enzyme activities in rhizonsphere and non-rhizonsphere of summer maize under different nitrogen application rates [J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2016,27(6):1917-1924.
[7] PREGITZER K S.Woody plants,carbon allocation and fine roots [J].New Phytologist,2003,158(3):421-424.
[8] PRESTON-MAFHAM J,BODDY L,RANDERSON P F.Analysis of microbial community functional diversity using sole-carbon-source utilisation profiles-a critique[J].FEMS Microbiology Ecology,2002,42(1):1-14.
[9] 徐文静,靳晓东,杨秋生.植物根际微生物的影响因素研究进展[J].河南农业科学,2014,43(5):6-12. XU W J,JIN X D,YANG Q SH,et al.Research progress on factors influencing plant rhizosphere microorganism [J].Journal of Henan Agricultural Science,2014,43(5):6-12.
[10] MORRIS R A,GARRITY D P.Resource capture and utilization in intercropping; non-nitrogen nutrients[J].Field Crops Research,1993,34(3-4):319-334.
[11] BARTH R C,KLEMMEDSON J O.Shrub-induced spatial patterns of dry matter,nitrogen,and organic carbon [J].Soil Science Society of America Journal,1978,42(5):804-809.
[12] MA B,ZHOU Z,ZHANG C,et al.The character of phosphorus concentrations in rhizosphere soil of super-xerophytic shrubs [J].Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2005,14(3):106-110.
[13] 弋良朋,马健,李彦.荒漠盐生植物根际土壤盐分和养分特征[J].生态学报,2007,27(9):3565-3571. YI L P,MA J,LI Y,et al.Soil salt and nutrient concentration in the rhizosphere of desert halophytes [J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2007,27(9):3565-3571.
[14] 昌龙然,谢德体,慈恩,等.稻田垄作免耕对根际土壤有机碳及颗粒态有机碳的影响[J].西南师范大学学报(自然科学版),2012,37(11):49-53. CHANG L R,XIE D T,CI E,et al.Effect the soil organic carbon and particulate organic carbon in the rhizosphere on ridge and no-tillage under rice field [J].Journal of Southwest China Normal University(Natural Science Edition),2012,37(11):49-53.
[15] 宋霄军,吴会军,武雪萍,等.长期保护性耕作可提高表层土壤碳氮含量和根际土壤酶活性[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2018,24(6):1588-1597. SONG X J,WU H J,WU X P,et al.Long-term conservation tillage improves surface soil carbon and nitrogen content and rhizosphere soil enzyme activities [J].Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer,2018,24(6):1588-1597.
[16] 黄召存,陈娇,熊瑛,等.保护性耕作对蚕豆根际土壤微生物数量和酶活性的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2018,36(3):79-85. HUANG ZH C,CHEN J,XIONG Y,et al.Effects of conservation tillage on soil mocrobes and enzyme activity in rhizosphere of broad bean [J].Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas,2018,36(3):79-85.
[17] SUN L,WANG S,ZHANG Y,et al.Conservation agriculture based on crop rotation and tillage in the semi-arid Loess Plateau,China:Effects on crop yield and soil water use[J].Agriculture,Ecosystems & Environment,2018,251:67-77.
[18] 李静,蔚晓燕,唐明.黄土高原纸坊沟流域不同植物对土壤微生物生物量和土壤酶活性的影响[J].西北植物学报,2013,33(2):387-393. LI J,WEI X Y,TANG M,et al.Effects of different plants on soil microbial biomass and enzyme activities in zhifanggou watershed of Loess Plateau[J].Acta Botanica Boeali-Occidentalia Sinica,2013,33(2):387-393.
[19] 张海涵,唐明,陈辉.黄土高原典型林木根际土壤微生物群落结构与功能特征及其环境指示意义[J].环境科学,2009,30(8):2432-2437. ZHANG H H,TANG M,CHEN H,et al.Characterization of soil microbial community function and structure in rhizosphere of typical tree species and the meaning for environmental indication in the Loess Plateau[J].Environmental Science,2009,30(8):2432-2437.
[20] 曹雪.黄土高原坡耕地不同耕作措施水土保持效应研究[D].陕西杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2017. CAO X.Soil and water conservation effect of different tillage measures on sloping farmland in the Loess Plateau[D].Yangling Shaanxi:Northwest A&F University,2017.
[21] 关松荫.土壤酶及其研究方法[M].北京:农业出版社,1986. GUAN S Y.Soil Enzyme and Its Research Methods[M].Beijing:China Agricultural Press,1986.
[22] ANDERSON J P E,DOMSCH K H.Quantities of plant nutrients in the microbial biomass of selected soils[J].Soil Science,1980,130(4):211-216.
[23] 戴建军,宋朋慧,闫暮春,等.不同种植方式对苗期大豆,玉米根际土壤酶活性及微生物量碳,氮的影响[J].东北农业大学学报,2013,44(2):17-22. DAI J J,SONG P H,YAN M CH,et al.Effect of different cropping patterns of soybean and maize seedlings on rhizosphere soil enzyme activities and microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen [J].Journal of Northeast Agricultural University,2013,44(2):17-22.
[24] 王温澎,邵云,李英臣,等.华北平原 4 种主要农作物非根际和根际土壤活性碳氮和酶活性特征[J].河南师范大学学报 (自然科学版),2018,13 (5):77-84. WANG W P,SHAO Y,LI Y CH,et al.Labile carbon and nitrogen content and correlative enzyme activities of rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils under four major crops in North China Plain[J].Journal of Henan Normal University (Natural Science Edition),2018,13(5):77-84.
[25] 任卫东,贾莉洁,王莲莲,等.长期施肥对小麦,玉米根际和非根际土壤微生物量碳及水溶性有机碳含量的影响[J].西北农业学报,2011,20(12):145-151. REN W D,JIA L J,WANG L L,et al.Seasonal dynamics of soil microbial biomass carbon and water soluble organic in bulk and rhizosphere soils under long-term fertilization regimes in loess soil [J].Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica,2011,20(12):145-151.
[26] 芦思佳,韩晓增,张迪,等.长期施肥对大豆根际微生物量碳,氮的影响[J].大豆科学,2009,28(3):495-498. LU S J,HAN X Z,ZHANG D,et al.Effect of long-term fertilization microbial biomass C and N in soybean rhizosphere [J].Soybean Science,2009,28(3):495-498.
[27] 李东坡,陈利军,武志杰,等.不同施肥黑土微生物量氮变化特征及相关因素[J].应用生态学报,2004,15(10):1891-1896. LI D P,CHEN L J,WU ZH J,et al.Dynamics of microbial biomass N in different fertilized black soil and its related factors[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2004,15(10):1891-1896.
[28] 毛海兰,付鑫,赵丹丹,等.秸秆与地膜覆盖条件下旱作玉米田土壤氮组分生长季动态[J].水土保持学报,2018,32(4):246-254. MAO H L,FU X,ZHAO D D,et al.Seasonal dynamics of soil nitrogen fractions in dry-land spring maize field under straw and plastic film mulching [J].Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2018,32(4):246-254.
[29] 伍玉鹏,彭其安,SHAABAN M,等.秸秆还田对土壤微生物影响的研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2014,30(29):175-183. WU Y P,PENG Q A,SHAABAN M,et al.Research progress of effect of straw returning on soil microorganism[J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,2014,30(29):175-183.
[30] 刘恩科,姜春霞,黄学芳,等.覆膜方式对土壤环境及玉米产量的影响[J].中国农学通报,2015,31(27):46-52. LIU E K,JIANG CH X,HUANG X F,et al.Study on soil environment and maize yield under different plastic film mulching modes[J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,2015,31(27):46-52.
[31] 王理德,王方琳,郭春秀,等.土壤酶学硏究进展[J].土壤,2016,48(1):12-21. WANG L D,WANG F L.GUO CH X,et al.Review:progress of soil enzymology[J].Soil,2016,48(1):12-21.
[32] 安婷婷,侯小畔,周亚男,等.氮肥用量对小麦开花后根际土壤特性和产量的影响[J].中国农业科学,2017,50(17):3352-3364. AN T T,HOU X P,ZHOU Y N,et al.Effects of nitrogen fertilizer rates on rhizosphere soil characteristics and yield after anthesis of wheat[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2017,50(17):3352-3364.
[33] 李俊华,沈其荣,褚贵新,等.氨基酸有机肥对棉花根际和非根际土壤酶活性和养分有效性的影响[J].土壤,2011,43(2):277-284. LI J H,SHEN Q R,ZHU G X,et al.Effects of application amino acid fertilizer on soil enzyme activity andavailable nutrients in cotton rhizosphere and bulk soils[J].Soils,2011,43(2):277-284.
[34] 孙敬克,李友军,黄明,等.不同耕作方式对冬小麦生育期根际土及非根际土土壤酶活性的影响[J].河南科技大学学报 (自然科学版),2007,28(2):59-62. SUN J K,LI Y J,HUANG M,et al.Effects of different tillage on rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil enzyme activity of winter wheat at different developing stages[J].Journal of Henan University of Science & Technology (Natural Science Edition),2007,28(2):59-62.
[35] GU X B,CAI H J,DU Y D,et al.Effects of film mulching and nitrogen fertilization on rhizosphere soil environment,root growth and nutrient uptake of winter oilseed rape in northwest China[J].Soil and Tillage Research,2019,187:194-203.
[36] PENG C,LAI S,LUO X,et al.Effects of long term rice straw application on the microbial communities of rapeseed rhizosphere in a paddy-upland rotation system[J].Science of the Total Environment,2016,557:231-239.
[37] LUO Y J,WANG Z F,GAO M,et al.Effects of conservation tillage on organic carbon,nitrogen and enzyme activities in a hydragric anthrosol of Chongqing,China[J].Energy Procedia,2011,5:30-36.
[38] 张英英,蔡立群,武均,等.不同耕作措施下陇中黄土高原旱作农田土壤活性有机碳组分及其与酶活性间的关系[J].干旱地区农业研究,2017,35(1):1-7. ZHANG Y Y,CAI L Q,WU J,et al.The relationship between soil labile organic carbon fractions and the enzyme activities under different tillage measures in the Loess Plateau of central Gansu province[J].Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas,2017,35(1):1-7.
[39] 李玉洁,王慧,赵建宁,等.耕作方式对农田土壤理化因子和生物学特性的影响[J].应用生态学报,2015,26(3):939-948. LI Y J,WANG H,ZHAO J N,et al.Effects of tillage methods on soil physicochemical properties and biological characteristics in farmland:a review[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2015,26(3):939-948.
[40] TAN C J,CAO X,YUAN S,et al.Effects of long-term conservation tillage on soil nutrients in sloping fields in regions characterized by water and wind erosion[J].Scientific Reports,2015,5:17592.
[41] 杨凯,冯永忠,李永平,等.黄土高原坡耕地不同耕作措施对土壤温度和水分的作用效应[J].干旱地区农业研究,2009,27(4):190-195. YANG K,FENG Y ZH,LI Y P,et al.Effect of different cultivation measure on soil temperature and moisture in the Loess Plateau[J].Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas,2009,27(4):190-195.
[42] 陈海滨,马秀丽,陈志彪,等.南方稀土矿区水土保持植物根际土壤碳氮及pH特征[J].土壤学报,2016,53(5):1334. CHEN H B,MA X L,CHEN ZH B,et al.Carbon,nitrogen and pH in rhizosphere of soil-water conserving plants in rare earth mining area in south China [J].Acta Pedologica Sinica,2016,53(5):1334.
[43] 詹爱媛,薛梓瑜,任伟,等.干旱荒漠区不同灌木根际与非根际土壤氮素的含量特征[J].生态学报,2009,29(1):59-66. ZHAN A Y,XUE Z Y,REN W,et al.Characteristics of nitrogen content between rhizosphere and bulk soil under seven shrubs in arid desert area of China[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2009,29(1):59-66.
[44] 赵亚丽,郭海斌,薛志伟,等.耕作方式与秸秆还田对土壤微生物数量,酶活性及作物产量的影响[J].应用生态学报,2015,26(6):1785-1792. ZHAO Y L,GUO H B,XUE ZH W,et al.Effects of tillage and straw returning on microorganism quantity,enzyme activities in soils and grain yield[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2015,26(6):1785-1792.
[45] 张星杰,刘景辉,李立军,等.保护性耕作方式下土壤养分,微生物及酶活性研究[J].土壤通报,2009,40(3):542-546. ZHANG X J,LIU J H,LI L J,et al.Effects of different conservation tillage on soil microbes quantities and enzyme activities in dry cultivation[J].Chinese Journal of Soil Science,2009,40(3):542-546.
[46] 赵海燕,徐福利,王渭玲,等.秦岭地区华北落叶松人工林地土壤养分和酶活性变化[J].生态学报,2015,35(4):1086-1094. ZHAO H Y,XU F L,WANG W L,et al.Soil nutrients and enzyme activities in Larix principis-rupprechtii plantations in the Qinling mountains,China[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2015,35(4):1086-1094.
[47] 刘钊,魏天兴,朱清科,等.黄土丘陵沟壑区典型林地土壤微生物,酶活性和养分特征[J].土壤,2016,48(4):705-713. LIU ZH,WEI T X,ZHU Q K,et al.Microbes,enzyme activities and nutrient characteristics of rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils in forests of Loess hilly region[J].Soil,2016,48(4):705-713.
[48] ZHANG C,LIU G,XUE S,et al.Rhizosphere soil microbial properties on abandoned croplands in the Loess Plateau,China during vegetation succession[J].European Journal of Soil Biology,2012,50:127-136.
[49] ZHANG C,LIU G,XUE S,et al.Rhizosphere soil microbial activity under different vegetation types on the Loess Plateau,China[J].Geoderma,2011,161(34):115-125.
[50] 叶协锋,杨超,李正,等.绿肥对植烟土壤酶活性及土壤肥力的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2013,19(2):445-454. YE X F,YANG CH,LI ZH,et al.Effects of green manure in corporation on soil enzyme activities and fertility in tobacco-planting soils[J].Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science,2013,19(2):445-454.
[2] 杨凯,朱教君,张金鑫,等.不同林龄落叶松人工林土壤微生物生物量碳氮的季节变化[J].生态学报,2009,29(10):5500-5507. YANG K,ZHU J J,ZHANG J X,et al.Seasonal dynamics of soil microbial biomass C and N in two larch plantation forests with different ages in Northeastern China[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2009,29(10):5500-5507.
[3] 王长庭,龙瑞军,王启兰,等.放牧扰动下高寒草甸植物多样性、生产力对土壤养分条件变化的响应[J].生态学报,2008,28(9):4144-4152. WANG CH T,LONG R J,WANG Q L,et al.Response of plant diversity and productivity to soil resources changing under grazing disturbance on an alpinemeadow[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2008,28(9):4144-4152.
[4] 汪娟,蔡立群,毕冬梅,等.保护性耕作对麦-豆轮作土壤有机碳全氮及微生物量碳氮的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2009,28(7):1516-1521. WANG J,CAI L Q,BI D M,et al.Effects of conservation tillage on the SOC,TN,SMBC and SMBN in two wequence rotation systems with spring wheat and pea [J].Journal of Agro-Environment Science,2009,28(7):1516-1521.
[5] 李鑫,马瑞萍,安韶山,等.黄土高原不同植被带土壤团聚体有机碳和酶活性的粒径分布特征[J].应用生态学报,2015,26(8):2282-2290. LI X,MA R P,AN SH SH,et al.Characteristics of soil organic carbon and enzyme actives in soil aggregates under different vegetational zone on the Loess Plateau [J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2015,26(8):2282-2290.
[6] 梁国鹏,吴会军,武雪萍,等.施氮量对夏玉米根际和非根际土壤酶活性及氮含量的影响[J].应用生态学报,2016,27(6):1917-1924. LIANG G P,WU H J,WU X P,et al.Soil nitrogen content and enzyme activities in rhizonsphere and non-rhizonsphere of summer maize under different nitrogen application rates [J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2016,27(6):1917-1924.
[7] PREGITZER K S.Woody plants,carbon allocation and fine roots [J].New Phytologist,2003,158(3):421-424.
[8] PRESTON-MAFHAM J,BODDY L,RANDERSON P F.Analysis of microbial community functional diversity using sole-carbon-source utilisation profiles-a critique[J].FEMS Microbiology Ecology,2002,42(1):1-14.
[9] 徐文静,靳晓东,杨秋生.植物根际微生物的影响因素研究进展[J].河南农业科学,2014,43(5):6-12. XU W J,JIN X D,YANG Q SH,et al.Research progress on factors influencing plant rhizosphere microorganism [J].Journal of Henan Agricultural Science,2014,43(5):6-12.
[10] MORRIS R A,GARRITY D P.Resource capture and utilization in intercropping; non-nitrogen nutrients[J].Field Crops Research,1993,34(3-4):319-334.
[11] BARTH R C,KLEMMEDSON J O.Shrub-induced spatial patterns of dry matter,nitrogen,and organic carbon [J].Soil Science Society of America Journal,1978,42(5):804-809.
[12] MA B,ZHOU Z,ZHANG C,et al.The character of phosphorus concentrations in rhizosphere soil of super-xerophytic shrubs [J].Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2005,14(3):106-110.
[13] 弋良朋,马健,李彦.荒漠盐生植物根际土壤盐分和养分特征[J].生态学报,2007,27(9):3565-3571. YI L P,MA J,LI Y,et al.Soil salt and nutrient concentration in the rhizosphere of desert halophytes [J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2007,27(9):3565-3571.
[14] 昌龙然,谢德体,慈恩,等.稻田垄作免耕对根际土壤有机碳及颗粒态有机碳的影响[J].西南师范大学学报(自然科学版),2012,37(11):49-53. CHANG L R,XIE D T,CI E,et al.Effect the soil organic carbon and particulate organic carbon in the rhizosphere on ridge and no-tillage under rice field [J].Journal of Southwest China Normal University(Natural Science Edition),2012,37(11):49-53.
[15] 宋霄军,吴会军,武雪萍,等.长期保护性耕作可提高表层土壤碳氮含量和根际土壤酶活性[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2018,24(6):1588-1597. SONG X J,WU H J,WU X P,et al.Long-term conservation tillage improves surface soil carbon and nitrogen content and rhizosphere soil enzyme activities [J].Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer,2018,24(6):1588-1597.
[16] 黄召存,陈娇,熊瑛,等.保护性耕作对蚕豆根际土壤微生物数量和酶活性的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2018,36(3):79-85. HUANG ZH C,CHEN J,XIONG Y,et al.Effects of conservation tillage on soil mocrobes and enzyme activity in rhizosphere of broad bean [J].Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas,2018,36(3):79-85.
[17] SUN L,WANG S,ZHANG Y,et al.Conservation agriculture based on crop rotation and tillage in the semi-arid Loess Plateau,China:Effects on crop yield and soil water use[J].Agriculture,Ecosystems & Environment,2018,251:67-77.
[18] 李静,蔚晓燕,唐明.黄土高原纸坊沟流域不同植物对土壤微生物生物量和土壤酶活性的影响[J].西北植物学报,2013,33(2):387-393. LI J,WEI X Y,TANG M,et al.Effects of different plants on soil microbial biomass and enzyme activities in zhifanggou watershed of Loess Plateau[J].Acta Botanica Boeali-Occidentalia Sinica,2013,33(2):387-393.
[19] 张海涵,唐明,陈辉.黄土高原典型林木根际土壤微生物群落结构与功能特征及其环境指示意义[J].环境科学,2009,30(8):2432-2437. ZHANG H H,TANG M,CHEN H,et al.Characterization of soil microbial community function and structure in rhizosphere of typical tree species and the meaning for environmental indication in the Loess Plateau[J].Environmental Science,2009,30(8):2432-2437.
[20] 曹雪.黄土高原坡耕地不同耕作措施水土保持效应研究[D].陕西杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2017. CAO X.Soil and water conservation effect of different tillage measures on sloping farmland in the Loess Plateau[D].Yangling Shaanxi:Northwest A&F University,2017.
[21] 关松荫.土壤酶及其研究方法[M].北京:农业出版社,1986. GUAN S Y.Soil Enzyme and Its Research Methods[M].Beijing:China Agricultural Press,1986.
[22] ANDERSON J P E,DOMSCH K H.Quantities of plant nutrients in the microbial biomass of selected soils[J].Soil Science,1980,130(4):211-216.
[23] 戴建军,宋朋慧,闫暮春,等.不同种植方式对苗期大豆,玉米根际土壤酶活性及微生物量碳,氮的影响[J].东北农业大学学报,2013,44(2):17-22. DAI J J,SONG P H,YAN M CH,et al.Effect of different cropping patterns of soybean and maize seedlings on rhizosphere soil enzyme activities and microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen [J].Journal of Northeast Agricultural University,2013,44(2):17-22.
[24] 王温澎,邵云,李英臣,等.华北平原 4 种主要农作物非根际和根际土壤活性碳氮和酶活性特征[J].河南师范大学学报 (自然科学版),2018,13 (5):77-84. WANG W P,SHAO Y,LI Y CH,et al.Labile carbon and nitrogen content and correlative enzyme activities of rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils under four major crops in North China Plain[J].Journal of Henan Normal University (Natural Science Edition),2018,13(5):77-84.
[25] 任卫东,贾莉洁,王莲莲,等.长期施肥对小麦,玉米根际和非根际土壤微生物量碳及水溶性有机碳含量的影响[J].西北农业学报,2011,20(12):145-151. REN W D,JIA L J,WANG L L,et al.Seasonal dynamics of soil microbial biomass carbon and water soluble organic in bulk and rhizosphere soils under long-term fertilization regimes in loess soil [J].Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica,2011,20(12):145-151.
[26] 芦思佳,韩晓增,张迪,等.长期施肥对大豆根际微生物量碳,氮的影响[J].大豆科学,2009,28(3):495-498. LU S J,HAN X Z,ZHANG D,et al.Effect of long-term fertilization microbial biomass C and N in soybean rhizosphere [J].Soybean Science,2009,28(3):495-498.
[27] 李东坡,陈利军,武志杰,等.不同施肥黑土微生物量氮变化特征及相关因素[J].应用生态学报,2004,15(10):1891-1896. LI D P,CHEN L J,WU ZH J,et al.Dynamics of microbial biomass N in different fertilized black soil and its related factors[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2004,15(10):1891-1896.
[28] 毛海兰,付鑫,赵丹丹,等.秸秆与地膜覆盖条件下旱作玉米田土壤氮组分生长季动态[J].水土保持学报,2018,32(4):246-254. MAO H L,FU X,ZHAO D D,et al.Seasonal dynamics of soil nitrogen fractions in dry-land spring maize field under straw and plastic film mulching [J].Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2018,32(4):246-254.
[29] 伍玉鹏,彭其安,SHAABAN M,等.秸秆还田对土壤微生物影响的研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2014,30(29):175-183. WU Y P,PENG Q A,SHAABAN M,et al.Research progress of effect of straw returning on soil microorganism[J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,2014,30(29):175-183.
[30] 刘恩科,姜春霞,黄学芳,等.覆膜方式对土壤环境及玉米产量的影响[J].中国农学通报,2015,31(27):46-52. LIU E K,JIANG CH X,HUANG X F,et al.Study on soil environment and maize yield under different plastic film mulching modes[J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,2015,31(27):46-52.
[31] 王理德,王方琳,郭春秀,等.土壤酶学硏究进展[J].土壤,2016,48(1):12-21. WANG L D,WANG F L.GUO CH X,et al.Review:progress of soil enzymology[J].Soil,2016,48(1):12-21.
[32] 安婷婷,侯小畔,周亚男,等.氮肥用量对小麦开花后根际土壤特性和产量的影响[J].中国农业科学,2017,50(17):3352-3364. AN T T,HOU X P,ZHOU Y N,et al.Effects of nitrogen fertilizer rates on rhizosphere soil characteristics and yield after anthesis of wheat[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2017,50(17):3352-3364.
[33] 李俊华,沈其荣,褚贵新,等.氨基酸有机肥对棉花根际和非根际土壤酶活性和养分有效性的影响[J].土壤,2011,43(2):277-284. LI J H,SHEN Q R,ZHU G X,et al.Effects of application amino acid fertilizer on soil enzyme activity andavailable nutrients in cotton rhizosphere and bulk soils[J].Soils,2011,43(2):277-284.
[34] 孙敬克,李友军,黄明,等.不同耕作方式对冬小麦生育期根际土及非根际土土壤酶活性的影响[J].河南科技大学学报 (自然科学版),2007,28(2):59-62. SUN J K,LI Y J,HUANG M,et al.Effects of different tillage on rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil enzyme activity of winter wheat at different developing stages[J].Journal of Henan University of Science & Technology (Natural Science Edition),2007,28(2):59-62.
[35] GU X B,CAI H J,DU Y D,et al.Effects of film mulching and nitrogen fertilization on rhizosphere soil environment,root growth and nutrient uptake of winter oilseed rape in northwest China[J].Soil and Tillage Research,2019,187:194-203.
[36] PENG C,LAI S,LUO X,et al.Effects of long term rice straw application on the microbial communities of rapeseed rhizosphere in a paddy-upland rotation system[J].Science of the Total Environment,2016,557:231-239.
[37] LUO Y J,WANG Z F,GAO M,et al.Effects of conservation tillage on organic carbon,nitrogen and enzyme activities in a hydragric anthrosol of Chongqing,China[J].Energy Procedia,2011,5:30-36.
[38] 张英英,蔡立群,武均,等.不同耕作措施下陇中黄土高原旱作农田土壤活性有机碳组分及其与酶活性间的关系[J].干旱地区农业研究,2017,35(1):1-7. ZHANG Y Y,CAI L Q,WU J,et al.The relationship between soil labile organic carbon fractions and the enzyme activities under different tillage measures in the Loess Plateau of central Gansu province[J].Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas,2017,35(1):1-7.
[39] 李玉洁,王慧,赵建宁,等.耕作方式对农田土壤理化因子和生物学特性的影响[J].应用生态学报,2015,26(3):939-948. LI Y J,WANG H,ZHAO J N,et al.Effects of tillage methods on soil physicochemical properties and biological characteristics in farmland:a review[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2015,26(3):939-948.
[40] TAN C J,CAO X,YUAN S,et al.Effects of long-term conservation tillage on soil nutrients in sloping fields in regions characterized by water and wind erosion[J].Scientific Reports,2015,5:17592.
[41] 杨凯,冯永忠,李永平,等.黄土高原坡耕地不同耕作措施对土壤温度和水分的作用效应[J].干旱地区农业研究,2009,27(4):190-195. YANG K,FENG Y ZH,LI Y P,et al.Effect of different cultivation measure on soil temperature and moisture in the Loess Plateau[J].Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas,2009,27(4):190-195.
[42] 陈海滨,马秀丽,陈志彪,等.南方稀土矿区水土保持植物根际土壤碳氮及pH特征[J].土壤学报,2016,53(5):1334. CHEN H B,MA X L,CHEN ZH B,et al.Carbon,nitrogen and pH in rhizosphere of soil-water conserving plants in rare earth mining area in south China [J].Acta Pedologica Sinica,2016,53(5):1334.
[43] 詹爱媛,薛梓瑜,任伟,等.干旱荒漠区不同灌木根际与非根际土壤氮素的含量特征[J].生态学报,2009,29(1):59-66. ZHAN A Y,XUE Z Y,REN W,et al.Characteristics of nitrogen content between rhizosphere and bulk soil under seven shrubs in arid desert area of China[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2009,29(1):59-66.
[44] 赵亚丽,郭海斌,薛志伟,等.耕作方式与秸秆还田对土壤微生物数量,酶活性及作物产量的影响[J].应用生态学报,2015,26(6):1785-1792. ZHAO Y L,GUO H B,XUE ZH W,et al.Effects of tillage and straw returning on microorganism quantity,enzyme activities in soils and grain yield[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2015,26(6):1785-1792.
[45] 张星杰,刘景辉,李立军,等.保护性耕作方式下土壤养分,微生物及酶活性研究[J].土壤通报,2009,40(3):542-546. ZHANG X J,LIU J H,LI L J,et al.Effects of different conservation tillage on soil microbes quantities and enzyme activities in dry cultivation[J].Chinese Journal of Soil Science,2009,40(3):542-546.
[46] 赵海燕,徐福利,王渭玲,等.秦岭地区华北落叶松人工林地土壤养分和酶活性变化[J].生态学报,2015,35(4):1086-1094. ZHAO H Y,XU F L,WANG W L,et al.Soil nutrients and enzyme activities in Larix principis-rupprechtii plantations in the Qinling mountains,China[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2015,35(4):1086-1094.
[47] 刘钊,魏天兴,朱清科,等.黄土丘陵沟壑区典型林地土壤微生物,酶活性和养分特征[J].土壤,2016,48(4):705-713. LIU ZH,WEI T X,ZHU Q K,et al.Microbes,enzyme activities and nutrient characteristics of rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils in forests of Loess hilly region[J].Soil,2016,48(4):705-713.
[48] ZHANG C,LIU G,XUE S,et al.Rhizosphere soil microbial properties on abandoned croplands in the Loess Plateau,China during vegetation succession[J].European Journal of Soil Biology,2012,50:127-136.
[49] ZHANG C,LIU G,XUE S,et al.Rhizosphere soil microbial activity under different vegetation types on the Loess Plateau,China[J].Geoderma,2011,161(34):115-125.
[50] 叶协锋,杨超,李正,等.绿肥对植烟土壤酶活性及土壤肥力的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2013,19(2):445-454. YE X F,YANG CH,LI ZH,et al.Effects of green manure in corporation on soil enzyme activities and fertility in tobacco-planting soils[J].Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science,2013,19(2):445-454.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |