两种生产力模型在内蒙古的应用分析
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摘要
两种生产力模型在内蒙古地区应用结果表明:①近10 a内蒙古地区生产力下降明显,尤其在呼伦贝尔市西部、通辽市和赤峰市部分地区。②植物气候生产力与净第一性生产力模型在寒冷区和干旱区的主要影响因子是低温和干旱,主要限制因子地区差异明显。结合下垫面植被状况来看两种生产力模型在内蒙古东北部应用效果较差,西部区无明显差异。③同期30 a内蒙古温度呈显著增加趋势,降水下降趋势属正常气候波动。④近30 a植物气候生产力与净第一性生产力平均偏高1.58 t·hm~(-2)·a~(-1),前者年际波动较大,稳定性不如净第一性生产力。综合来看,两种生产力模型主要考虑了年平均温度和降水,对雨热同期的内蒙古东北地区评估性较差,如果生产力模型采用地区生长季气象条件代替年度平均,就能更好体现地区植被实际生产潜力,这也是当前生产力评估模型进一步改进的关键所在。
The paper studied application and analysis on the two kinds of productivity models in Inner Mongolia,and the results showed that productivity in Inner Mongolia decline significantly in past 10 years,especially in the west of Hulunbeier City,parts of Tongliao City and Chifeng City. The main influence factors of two kinds of models in cold area and arid areas were the low temperature and drought,respectively. Considering the condition of underlying surface vegetation,the two kinds of productivity models were applied in the northeast of Inner Mongolia and the results were not satisfactory,the western area was insignificant difference. Nearly 30-year correlation analysis showed that the temperature presented an increase trend significantly,and precipitation was a normal climate fluctuation. Climate productivity was higher than net primary productivity 1.58 t·hm~(-2)·a~(-1) in past 30 years. The climate productivity annually fluctuated obviously,and Net Primary Productivity was relatively stable. Two main productivity models all took into account the annual average temperature and precipitation,but the models showed lower productivity estimation on the rain-heat cover the same period of Inner Mongolia northeast area.If the productivity model used regional growth season weather conditions instead of annual average value,it could be better reflecting the actual potential production of regional vegetation,which was also the key factor to further improve the current productivity evaluation model.
The paper studied application and analysis on the two kinds of productivity models in Inner Mongolia,and the results showed that productivity in Inner Mongolia decline significantly in past 10 years,especially in the west of Hulunbeier City,parts of Tongliao City and Chifeng City. The main influence factors of two kinds of models in cold area and arid areas were the low temperature and drought,respectively. Considering the condition of underlying surface vegetation,the two kinds of productivity models were applied in the northeast of Inner Mongolia and the results were not satisfactory,the western area was insignificant difference. Nearly 30-year correlation analysis showed that the temperature presented an increase trend significantly,and precipitation was a normal climate fluctuation. Climate productivity was higher than net primary productivity 1.58 t·hm~(-2)·a~(-1) in past 30 years. The climate productivity annually fluctuated obviously,and Net Primary Productivity was relatively stable. Two main productivity models all took into account the annual average temperature and precipitation,but the models showed lower productivity estimation on the rain-heat cover the same period of Inner Mongolia northeast area.If the productivity model used regional growth season weather conditions instead of annual average value,it could be better reflecting the actual potential production of regional vegetation,which was also the key factor to further improve the current productivity evaluation model.
引文
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[15]王胜兰.基于5种气候生产力模型的乌鲁木齐地区NPP计算分析[J].沙漠与绿洲气象,2008,2(4):40—44
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[17]黄杏元,汤勤.地理信息系统概论[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1989
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[2]卢玢宇,杨波,裴占江,等.黑龙江省气候生产潜力时空演变特征研究[J].生态环境学报,2017,26(10):1659-1664.
[3]目淑君,洪伟,吴承祯,等.福建近41年气候变化对自然植被净第一性生产力的影响[J].山地学报,2001,19(6):522-536.
[4]张颖,章超斌,王钊齐,等.气候变化与人为活动对三江源草地生产力影响的定量研究[J].草业学报,2017,26(05):1-14.
[5]史晓亮,杨志勇,王馨爽,等.黄土高原植被净初级生产力的时空变化及其与气候因子的关系[J].中国农业气象,2016,37(04):445-453.
[6]荣检,胡宝清,闫妍.广西西江流域植被净初级生产力时空分布特征及其影响因素[J].生态学杂志,2017,36(04):1020-1028.
[7]周伟,牟凤云,刚成诚,等.1982—2010年中国草地净初级生产力时空动态及其与气候因子的关系[J].生态学报,2017,37(13):4335-4345.
[8]陈伟青,薛亮.宝鸡市净第一性生产力对土地利用变化的坡度、坡向条件响应[J].水土保持通报,2017,37(06):277-284.
[9]朱志辉.我国植被净第一性生产力估算模型[J].科学通报,1993,38(15):1422-1426.
[10]张新时,杨奠安,倪文革.植被的PE(可能蒸散)指标与植被—气候分类(三)几种主要方法与PEP程序介绍[J].植物生态学与地植物学学报,1993(2):3-15,99-100.
[11]张新时.植被的PE(可能蒸散)指标与植被-气候分类(二)———几种主要方法与PEP程序介绍[J].植物生态学与地植物学学报,1989(3):197-207.
[12]周广胜,张新时.全球气候变化的中国自然植被的净第一性生产力研究[J].植物生态学报,1996,20(1):11-19.
[13]周广胜,郑元润.陈四清.等.自然植被净第一性生产力模型及其应用[J].林业科学,1998,34(5):3-10.
[14]周广胜,张新时.自然植被净第一性生产力模型初探[J].植物生态学报,1995,19(3):193-200.
[15]王胜兰.基于5种气候生产力模型的乌鲁木齐地区NPP计算分析[J].沙漠与绿洲气象,2008,2(4):40—44
[16]王红桃,包光,胡亚飞.甘肃省1967—2008年气温和降水时空变化[J].沙漠与绿洲气象,2017,11(02):34-42.
[17]黄杏元,汤勤.地理信息系统概论[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1989
[18]刘世荣,郭泉水,王兵.中国森林生产力对气候变化响应的预测研究[J].生态学报,1998(5):32-37.
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