基于三维CFD方法的管路瞬变流特性研究
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摘要
输流管道系统中的水锤现象是引起管道失效的主要原因,传统的分析方法常基于特征线法进行一维计算,而忽视了流体流动所带有的典型三维特征。因此,本文采用三维计算流体动力学(CFD)对关阀水锤现象进行分析。研究中,建立了直管路和分支管路试验模型,利用动网格技术实现阀门快速关闭,并通过UDF文件修改介质属性实现在瞬态模拟中实时考虑流体可压缩性。数值模拟结果与试验数据对比分析可知,三维CFD分析方法可以准确模拟关阀水锤的压力脉动衰减过程,并且2种不同管路中的压力脉动波动周期、波形与试验数据吻合程度较高,验证了三维CFD方法在管路瞬变流分析上的准确性。研究结果对与进一步改进一维瞬变流计算模型精度、水锤预防和管路设计有重要指导意义。
The water hammer phenomenon in the fluid conveying pipeline system is the main cause of the failure of the pipeline.The traditional analysis method is often based on the method of characteristic lines for one-dimensional calculation,while ignoring the typical three-dimensional feature of the fluid flow. Therefore,the three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics(CFD)was used to analyze the water hammer phenomenon upon valve closing. In the study,the experimental model of straight pipe and branch pipe were established,and the dynamic grid technology was used to close the valve quickly,and the fluid compressibility was taken into consideration in the transient simulation by modifying the media properties in the UDF file. By comparative analysis of numerical simulation results with the experimental data,it can be know that the three-dimensional CFD analysis method can accurately simulate the attenuation process of the pressure fluctuation of the water hammer upon valve closing,and the period and waveform of pressure fluctuation in the two different pipelines were in good agreement with the test data,which verifies the accuracy of the 3 D CFD method in the pipeline transient flow analysis.The research results are of great significance for further improvement of the accuracy of the calculation model of the one-dimensional transient flow,water hammer prevention and pipeline design.
The water hammer phenomenon in the fluid conveying pipeline system is the main cause of the failure of the pipeline.The traditional analysis method is often based on the method of characteristic lines for one-dimensional calculation,while ignoring the typical three-dimensional feature of the fluid flow. Therefore,the three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics(CFD)was used to analyze the water hammer phenomenon upon valve closing. In the study,the experimental model of straight pipe and branch pipe were established,and the dynamic grid technology was used to close the valve quickly,and the fluid compressibility was taken into consideration in the transient simulation by modifying the media properties in the UDF file. By comparative analysis of numerical simulation results with the experimental data,it can be know that the three-dimensional CFD analysis method can accurately simulate the attenuation process of the pressure fluctuation of the water hammer upon valve closing,and the period and waveform of pressure fluctuation in the two different pipelines were in good agreement with the test data,which verifies the accuracy of the 3 D CFD method in the pipeline transient flow analysis.The research results are of great significance for further improvement of the accuracy of the calculation model of the one-dimensional transient flow,water hammer prevention and pipeline design.
引文
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[13]徐放,李志鹏,李豪,等.缓闭式空气阀口径和孔面积比对停泵水锤防护的影响[J].流体机械,2018,46(3):28-33.
[14]何城,张健,郑源,等.卧式空气罐的水锤防护性能[J].排灌机械工程学报,2018,35(2):138-143.
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[18]Brunone B,Karney B W,Mecarelli M,et al.Velocity profiles and unsteady pipe friction in transient flow[J].Water Resour Plan Manage,2000(126):236-244.
[19]Mahgerefteh H,Rykov Y,Denton G.Courant,Friedrichs and Lewy(CFL)impact on numerical convergence of highly transient flows[J].Chemical Engineering Science,2009(64):4969-4975.
[2]吴建华,高炜杰.横泉水库工业供水工程关阀水锤的数值模拟[J].科学之友,2008(8):97-99.
[3]Barten W,Jasiulevicius A,Manera A,et al.Analysis of the capability of system codes to model cavitation water hammers:simulation of UMSICHT hammer experiments with TRACE and RELAPS[J].Nuclear Engineering and Design,2008,238(4):1129-1145.
[4]Izquierdo J,Iglesias P L.Mathematical modelling of hydraulic transients in simple systems[M].Elsevier Science Publishers B V,2002,35(7-8):801-812.
[5]Izquierdo J,Iglesias P L.Mathematical modelling of hydraulic transients in complex systems[J].Mathematical&Computer Modelling,2004,39(4):529-540.
[6]Kwon H J,Lee J J.Computer and Experimental models of transient flow in a pipe involving backflow preventers[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2008,134(4):426-434.
[7]Nikpour M R,Nazemi A H,Dalir A H,et al.Experimental and numerical simulation of water hammer[J].Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering,2014,39(4):2669-2675.
[8]Kim T,Jeong H,Chung H,et al.CFD analysis of the anti-surge effects by water hammering[C]//Materials Science and Engineering Conference Series,2015.
[9]Dargahi B.Experimental Study and 3D Numerical simulations for a free-overflow spillway[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2006,132(9):899-907.
[10]席志德,马建中,孙磊.空间管道的水锤效应的CFD研究方法[J].核动力工程,2012(6):17-20.
[11]杨成,刘立胜,刘齐文,等.基于CFX的输水管道水锤现象的数值研究[J].中国科技论文在线,2013:1-8.
[12]Ashgriz N,Mostaghimi J.An introduction to computational fluid dynamics[J].Fluid Flow Handbook.McGraw-Hill Professional,2002.
[13]徐放,李志鹏,李豪,等.缓闭式空气阀口径和孔面积比对停泵水锤防护的影响[J].流体机械,2018,46(3):28-33.
[14]何城,张健,郑源,等.卧式空气罐的水锤防护性能[J].排灌机械工程学报,2018,35(2):138-143.
[15]Inc.Ansys.Fluent User’s Guide[M].Fluent Inc,2011.
[16]Foldyna J,Ríha Z,Sitek L,et al.Numerical simulation of transmission of acoustic waves high-pressure system[C]//International Congress on Ultrasonics,2007.
[17]Yang S,Wu D,Lai Z,et al.Three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics simulation of valveinduced water hammer[J].Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers,Part C:Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science,2017,231(12):2263-2274.
[18]Brunone B,Karney B W,Mecarelli M,et al.Velocity profiles and unsteady pipe friction in transient flow[J].Water Resour Plan Manage,2000(126):236-244.
[19]Mahgerefteh H,Rykov Y,Denton G.Courant,Friedrichs and Lewy(CFL)impact on numerical convergence of highly transient flows[J].Chemical Engineering Science,2009(64):4969-4975.
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