分频振幅检测“亮点”型浅层气的方法研究及应用
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摘要
渤中A油田浅层发育大量"亮点"型浅层气,此类气层的识别受调谐厚度的水层影响严重。针对该问题,笔者充分考虑气层、水层产生强振幅的主控因素的差异性,利用正演模拟,分析并总结了不同厚度的气层与调谐厚度的水层在不同分频体上的振幅能量响应规律,提出了利用分频振幅检测浅层"亮点"型气层的方法。将该方法应用于渤中A油田的浅层气预测中,取得了较好的效果,有效地指导了评价井位的部署,对渤海油田类似的气层预测研究具有一定参考价值。
The shallow layer of Bozhong A oilfield develops a large number of " bright spot" gas-bearing reservoirs.The identification of these reservoirs is seriously affected by the water-bearing reservoirs with the tuning thickness.To solve this problem,the authors,based on the difference of the main control factors of the strong amplitude caused by the gas and water layers,analyzed and summarized the amplitude energy response law of the different thickness of the gas layer and the water layer with tuned thickness,and proposed the method for detecting the shallow " bright spot" type gas layer by using the frequency-dividing amplitude. The method was successfully applied to the prediction of gas-bearing reservoirs in Bozhong A oilfield,and guided the well-appraisal proposal efficiently.This method can be potentially applied to the other gas-bearing reservoirs prediction in Bohai and provide reliable technical supports for well deployment of oil and gas exploration.
The shallow layer of Bozhong A oilfield develops a large number of " bright spot" gas-bearing reservoirs.The identification of these reservoirs is seriously affected by the water-bearing reservoirs with the tuning thickness.To solve this problem,the authors,based on the difference of the main control factors of the strong amplitude caused by the gas and water layers,analyzed and summarized the amplitude energy response law of the different thickness of the gas layer and the water layer with tuned thickness,and proposed the method for detecting the shallow " bright spot" type gas layer by using the frequency-dividing amplitude. The method was successfully applied to the prediction of gas-bearing reservoirs in Bozhong A oilfield,and guided the well-appraisal proposal efficiently.This method can be potentially applied to the other gas-bearing reservoirs prediction in Bohai and provide reliable technical supports for well deployment of oil and gas exploration.
引文
[1]张军华,王庆峰,张晓辉,等.薄层和薄互层叠后地震解释关键技术综述[J].石油物探,2017,56(4):459-471.Zhang J H,Wang Q F,Zhang X H,et al. Poststack interpretation key techniques for thin layer and thin interbed reservoirs[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2017,56(4):459-471.
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[13]张平平,秦德海.含烃亮点属性在渤海黄河口凹陷明化镇组油气识别中的应用[J].物探与化探,2017,41(4):684-688.Zhang P P,Qin D H. Application of bright spot containing hydrocarbon in oil and gas identification of Ming Huazhen Formation in Bohai Huang Hekou depression[J]. Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2017,41(4):684-688.
[14]李庆忠.含油气砂层的频率特征及振幅特征[J].石油地球物理勘探,1987,22(1):1-23.Li Q Z. The frequency and amplitude of seismic waves sandstone[J].OGP,1987,22(1):1-23.
[15]左国平,吕福亮,范国章.赤道几内亚湾深水海域基于部分叠加角道集的地震烃类检测[J].石油物探,2017,56(6):841-852.Zuo G P,Lv F L,Fan G Z.Seismic hydrocarbon detection based on partial stack angle gathers in offshore deep-water of the Equatorial Guinea Bay[J]. Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2017,56(6):841-852.
[16]李雪英,陈树民,王建民,等.薄层时频特征的正演模拟[J].地球物理学报,2012,55(10):3410-3419.Li X Y,Chen S M,Wang J M,et al. Forward modeling studies on the time-frequency characteristics of thin layers[J].Chinese Journal Of Geophysics,2012,55(10):3410-3419.
[17]赵伟,陈小宏,李景叶.薄互层调谐效应对AVO的影响[J].石油物探,2006,45(6):570-573.Zhao W,Chen X H,Li J Y.Analysis of impact of thin interbed tuning effect on AVO[J]. Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2006,45(6):570-573.
[18]李雪英,文慧俭,陈树民,等.等厚薄互层时频特征的正演模拟[J].地球物理学报,2013,56(3):1033-1042.Li X Y,Wen H J,Chen S M,et al.Forward modeling studies on the time-frequency characteristics of isopachous thin interbedding[J].Chinese Journal Of Geophysics,2013,56(3):1033-1042.
[19]李伟,岳大力,胡光义,等.分频段地震属性优选及砂体预测方法——秦皇岛32-6油田北区实例[J].石油地球物理勘探,2017,52(1):21-130.Li W,Yue D L,Hu G Y,et al. Frequency-segmented seismic attribute optimization and sandbody distribution prediction:an example in North Block,Qinghuangdao 32-6 Oilfield[J].OGP,2017,52(1):121-130.
[20]高静怀,刘乃豪,吕奇,等.薄互层型油气储层同步挤压变换域分析方法[J].石油物探,2018,57(4):512-521.Gao J H,Liu N H,Lv Q,et al.Characterization of thin interbedded reservoir using synchrosqueezing transform[J]. Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2018,57(4):512-521.
[21]王静波,陈祖庆,蒋福友,等.频率域高分辨率地震波阻抗直接反演方法研究[J].石油物探,2017,56(3):416-423.Wang J B,Chen Z Q,Jiang F Y,et al.A direct-inversion method of high-resolution seismic impedance in frequency domain[J]. Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2017,56(3):416-423.
[2]刘伟,曹思远.“亮点”型含气储层与薄层调谐的识别[J].石油地球物勘探,2015,50(4):678-683,705.Liu W,Cao S Y. Identification of gas reservoir related with bright spots and thin-bed tuning[J].OGP,2015,50(4):678-683,705.
[3]杨贵祥.基于调谐频率与分频处理的高分辨率反演技术[J].石油物探,2006,45(3):242-244.Yang G X.High resolution inversion based on tuning frequency and frequency decomposition[J]. Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2006,45(3):242-244.
[4]高静怀,陈文超,李幼铭,等.广义S变换与薄互层地震响应分析[J].地球物理学报,2003,46(4):526-532.Gao J H,Chen W C,Li Y M,et al. Generalized S transform and seismic responsean alysis of thin inter beds[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2003,46(4):526-532.
[5] Castagna J P,Sun S,Siegfried R W.Instantaneous spectral analysis:Detection of low-frequency shadows associated with hydrocarbon[J].The Leading Edge,2003,22(2):120-127.
[6] Kong S S,H.Zijun,Z.Delong.A High Resolution Reservoir Prediction Based On Pre-Stack Inversion with DE:A Case Study in KX Oilfield[C]//80thEAGE Conference&Exhibition,2018:599.
[7]印兴耀,张世鑫,张繁昌,等.利用基于Russell近似的弹性波阻抗反演进行储层描述和流体识别[J].石油地球物勘探,2010,(3):373-380.Yin X Y,Zhang S X,Zhang F C,et al.Utilizing Russell Approximation-based elastic wave impedance inversion to conduct reservoir description and fluid identification[J]. OGP,2010,45(3):373-380.
[8]李英,秦德海.基于流体替代的敏感弹性参数优选及流体识别在渤海B油田的应用[J].物探与化探,2018,42(4):662-667.Li Y,Qin D H. The optimization of sensitive elastic parameters based on fluid substitution and the application of fluid identification to Bohai B Oilfield[J].Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2018,42(4):662-667.
[9]张世鑫,印兴耀,梁锴,等.利用基于T-K算子的非线性能量衰减分析技术进行储层含油气检测[J].地球物理学进展,2011,26(6):2107-2113.Zhang S X,Yin X Y,Liang K,et al. Utilizing T-K operator-based nonlinear energy attenuation analysis to conduct reservoir hydrocarbon identification[J]. Progress in Geophys,2011,26(6):2107-2113.
[10]印兴耀,曹丹平,王保丽,等.基于叠前地震反演的流体识别方法研究进展[J].石油地球物理勘探,2014,49(1):22-34,46.Yin X Y,Cao D P,Wang B L,et al.Research progress of fluid discrimination with pre-stack seismic inversion[J]. OGP,2014,49(1):22-34,46.
[11]郝前勇,张世鑫,张峰,等.基于频变AVO反演的频散属性估算方法及其应用[J].石油地球物勘探,2013,48(2):255-261.Hao Q Y,Zhang S X,Zhang F,et al. Dispersion attributes estimation based on frequency-dependent AVO inversion and its application in hydrocarbon detection[J].OGP,2013,48(2):255-261.
[12]陈学华,贺振华,黄德济,等.时频域油气储层低频阴影检测[J].地球物理学报,2009,52(1):215-221.Chen X H,He Z H,Huang D J,et al.Low frequency shadow detection of gas reservoirs in time-frequency domain[J]. Chinese Journal Of Geophysics,2009,52(1):215-221.
[13]张平平,秦德海.含烃亮点属性在渤海黄河口凹陷明化镇组油气识别中的应用[J].物探与化探,2017,41(4):684-688.Zhang P P,Qin D H. Application of bright spot containing hydrocarbon in oil and gas identification of Ming Huazhen Formation in Bohai Huang Hekou depression[J]. Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2017,41(4):684-688.
[14]李庆忠.含油气砂层的频率特征及振幅特征[J].石油地球物理勘探,1987,22(1):1-23.Li Q Z. The frequency and amplitude of seismic waves sandstone[J].OGP,1987,22(1):1-23.
[15]左国平,吕福亮,范国章.赤道几内亚湾深水海域基于部分叠加角道集的地震烃类检测[J].石油物探,2017,56(6):841-852.Zuo G P,Lv F L,Fan G Z.Seismic hydrocarbon detection based on partial stack angle gathers in offshore deep-water of the Equatorial Guinea Bay[J]. Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2017,56(6):841-852.
[16]李雪英,陈树民,王建民,等.薄层时频特征的正演模拟[J].地球物理学报,2012,55(10):3410-3419.Li X Y,Chen S M,Wang J M,et al. Forward modeling studies on the time-frequency characteristics of thin layers[J].Chinese Journal Of Geophysics,2012,55(10):3410-3419.
[17]赵伟,陈小宏,李景叶.薄互层调谐效应对AVO的影响[J].石油物探,2006,45(6):570-573.Zhao W,Chen X H,Li J Y.Analysis of impact of thin interbed tuning effect on AVO[J]. Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2006,45(6):570-573.
[18]李雪英,文慧俭,陈树民,等.等厚薄互层时频特征的正演模拟[J].地球物理学报,2013,56(3):1033-1042.Li X Y,Wen H J,Chen S M,et al.Forward modeling studies on the time-frequency characteristics of isopachous thin interbedding[J].Chinese Journal Of Geophysics,2013,56(3):1033-1042.
[19]李伟,岳大力,胡光义,等.分频段地震属性优选及砂体预测方法——秦皇岛32-6油田北区实例[J].石油地球物理勘探,2017,52(1):21-130.Li W,Yue D L,Hu G Y,et al. Frequency-segmented seismic attribute optimization and sandbody distribution prediction:an example in North Block,Qinghuangdao 32-6 Oilfield[J].OGP,2017,52(1):121-130.
[20]高静怀,刘乃豪,吕奇,等.薄互层型油气储层同步挤压变换域分析方法[J].石油物探,2018,57(4):512-521.Gao J H,Liu N H,Lv Q,et al.Characterization of thin interbedded reservoir using synchrosqueezing transform[J]. Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2018,57(4):512-521.
[21]王静波,陈祖庆,蒋福友,等.频率域高分辨率地震波阻抗直接反演方法研究[J].石油物探,2017,56(3):416-423.Wang J B,Chen Z Q,Jiang F Y,et al.A direct-inversion method of high-resolution seismic impedance in frequency domain[J]. Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2017,56(3):416-423.
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