南海西纳土纳盆地含油气系统分析与勘探前景预测
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摘要
西纳土纳盆地是南海重要的含油气盆地之一。根据含油气系统"从源岩到圈闭"的核心思想,本文以盆地油气田的最新资料为基础,结合盆地构造-沉积演化历程,运用石油地质综合研究方法,对盆地内主要含油气系统进行分析与划分,且在空间上圈定含油气系统展布范围。在此基础上,研究不同含油气系统的基本特征,深入剖析油气分布规律和主控因素,探讨未来盆地的油气勘探前景及重要勘探领域。研究表明,西纳土纳盆地发育4套含油气系统,Belut-Gabus/Arang/Belut(·)含油气系统和K/J-Arang(·)含油气系统是最重要的含油气系统,分别富集了盆地内46. 1%和45. 0%的油气可采储量。区域上,盆地的油气主要分布于Anambas地堑和Penyu次盆东部;层系上,油气主要储集于上渐新统和下中新统;油气藏类型上,油气富集于挤压背斜和披覆背斜等构造型油气藏中。油气分布规律的主要控制因素是主力烃源岩展布、区域盖层与油气运移路径、反转挤压和基底隆升运动。综合分析认为,Penyu-Penyu(·)含油气系统具有较大的勘探潜力,储层砂体预测和凹陷油气优势运移通道研究是该含油气系统的未来勘探重点。
The West Natuna Basin is an important petroliferous basin in the South China Sea. The division,distribution,controlling factors and exploration prospects of the major petroleum systems in the Basin are based on the tectonic sedimentary evolution guided by the thought " from source to trap" in the study of petroleum systems.Four sets of petroleum systems are recognized,including the Belut Gabus/Arang/Belut(·),K/J Arang(·),Arang Arang(!),and Penyu Penyu(·)petroleum systems. The Belut Gabus/Arang/Belut(·)and K/J Arang(·)petroleum systems as the economically important petroleum systems in the West Natuna Basin make up of 46. 1% and 45. 0% of extractable oil and gas reserves. Regionally,the discovered oil and gas resources reside dominantly in the Anambas garben and the eastern part of the Penyu subbasin. Stratigraphically,they are largely reserved in the upper Oligocene and the lower Miocene strata,and structurally,generally trapped in the compressional anticlines and trap structures. The oil and gas distribution is largely controlled by effective source rocks,favourable regional cap rocks and migration pathways,compressional inversion and basement uplifting. It follows that the Penyu Penyu(·)petroleum system has the great exploration potential,and the emphasis will be on the evaluation of the reservoir rocks and identification of favourable oil and gas migration pathways in this petroleum system in the depression.
The West Natuna Basin is an important petroliferous basin in the South China Sea. The division,distribution,controlling factors and exploration prospects of the major petroleum systems in the Basin are based on the tectonic sedimentary evolution guided by the thought " from source to trap" in the study of petroleum systems.Four sets of petroleum systems are recognized,including the Belut Gabus/Arang/Belut(·),K/J Arang(·),Arang Arang(!),and Penyu Penyu(·)petroleum systems. The Belut Gabus/Arang/Belut(·)and K/J Arang(·)petroleum systems as the economically important petroleum systems in the West Natuna Basin make up of 46. 1% and 45. 0% of extractable oil and gas reserves. Regionally,the discovered oil and gas resources reside dominantly in the Anambas garben and the eastern part of the Penyu subbasin. Stratigraphically,they are largely reserved in the upper Oligocene and the lower Miocene strata,and structurally,generally trapped in the compressional anticlines and trap structures. The oil and gas distribution is largely controlled by effective source rocks,favourable regional cap rocks and migration pathways,compressional inversion and basement uplifting. It follows that the Penyu Penyu(·)petroleum system has the great exploration potential,and the emphasis will be on the evaluation of the reservoir rocks and identification of favourable oil and gas migration pathways in this petroleum system in the depression.
引文
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[17]C&C Reservoirs. Belida Field West Natuna Basin,Indonesia[DB/OL].(2011-5)[2016-6-15]. http://www.ccreservoirs. com/.
[18]杨福忠,洪国良,祝厚勤,等.东南亚地区成藏组合特征及勘探潜力[J].地学前缘,2014,21(3):112-117.
[19]Doust H,Summer H S. Petroleum systems in rift basins-a collective approach in Southeast Asian basins[J]. Petroleum Geoscience,2007,13(2):127-144.
[20]Doust H,Noble R A. Petroleum systems of Indonesia[J].Marine&Petroleum Geology,2008,25(2):103-129.
[21]姚永坚,吕彩丽,康永尚,等.东南亚地区烃源岩特征与主控因素[J].地球科学(中国地质大学学报),2013,38(2):367-378.
[22]邓运华.试论中国南海两个盆地带油气地质差异性[J].中国海上油气,2016,28(6):1-8.
[23]杨明慧,张厚和,廖宗宝,等.南海南沙海域主要盆地含油气系统特征[J].地学前缘,2015,22(3):48-58.
[24]Shoup R C,Morley R J,Swiecicki T,et al. Tectono-stratigraphic framework and tertiary paleogeography of Southeast Asia;Gulf of Thailand to South Vietnam Shelf[J]. Houston Geological Society Bulletin,2013,55(6):27,29,31,33,35,37,39.
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[26]Tjia H D,Liew K K. Changes in tectonic stress field in northern Sunda Shelf basins[J]. Geological Society,London,Special Publications,1996,106(1):291-306.
[27]Wirojudo G K,Wongsosantiko A. Tertiary tectonic evolution and related hydrocarbon potential in the Natuna area[J]. Energy,1985,10(3-4):433-455.
[28]Burton D,Wood L J,Burton D. Seismic geomorphology and tectonostratigraphic fill of half grabens,West Natuna Basin,Indonesia[J]. AAPG Bulletin,2010,94(11):1695-1712.
[29]Ginger D C,Ardjakusumah W O,Hedley R J,et al. Inversion history of the West Natuna Basin:examples from the Cumi-Cumi PSC[A]. 22nd Annual Convention Proceeding[C]. Jakarta:Indonesian Petroleum Association,1993. 635-658.
[30]Nagura H,Honda H,Katori S. Tertiary inversion tectonics and petroleum systems in West Natuna Sea Basins,Indonesia[J].Journal of the Japanese Association for Petroleum Technology,2000,65(1):91-102.
[31]Sutoto A. Reservoir geology of the Belida field South Natuna Sea,Block B[A]. 20th Annual Convention Proceedings[C].Jakarta:Indonesian Petroleum Association,1991:453-478.
[32]Michael E,Adrian H. The petroleum systems ofWest Block B PSC,South Natuna Sea,Indonesia[A]. 25th Silver Annual Convention Proceedings[C]. Jakarta:Indonesian Petroleum Association,1996. 465-679.
[33]IHS Energy. Malay Basin[DB/OL].(2012-10)[2016-3-15]. http://www. ihs. com/.
[34]Prasetyo B. Source rock evaluation and crude oil characteristics,West Natuna Area,Indonesia[A]. 28th Annual Convention Proceeding[C]. Jakarta:Indonesian Petroleum Association,2002. 825-837.
[35]Phillips S,Little L,Michael E,et al. Sequence stratigraphy of Tertiary petroleum systems in the West Natuna Basin,Indonesia[A]. Howes J V C,Noble R A. Proceedings of the Conference on Petroleum Systems of SE Asia and Australasia[C]. Jakarta:Indonesian Petroleum Association,1997. 381-390.
[36]Madon M B H,Anuar A,Wong R. Structural evolution,maturation history,and hydrocarbon potential of the Penyu Basin,offshore peninsular Malaysia[A]. Howes J V C,Noble R A. Proceedings of the Conference on Petroleum Systems of SE Asia and Australasia[C]. Jakarta:Indonesian Petroleum Association,1997. 403-424.
[2]Demaison G,Huizinga B J. Genetic classification of petroleum systems[J]. AAPG Bulletin,1991,75(10):1626-1643.
[3]Perrodon A,Masse P. Subsidence,sedimentation and petroleum systems[J]. Journal of Petroleum Geology,1981,7(1):5-25.
[4]Magoon L B,Dow W G. The petroleum system:from source to trap[C]. Tulsa:AAPG Memoir,1994. 3-24.
[5]郭永强,刘洛夫,朱胜利,等.阿姆达林盆地含油气系统划分与评价[J].石油勘探与开发,2006,33(4):515-520.
[6]何登发,陈新发,况军,等.准噶尔盆地石炭系烃源岩分布与含油气系统[J].石油勘探与开发,2010,37(4):397-408.
[7]何家雄,张伟,卢振权,等.南海北部大陆边缘主要盆地含油气系统及油气有利勘探方向[J].天然气地球科学,2016,27(6):943-959.
[8]王大鹏,白国平,陆红梅,等.扎格罗斯盆地含油气系统分析与资源潜力评价[J].现代地质,2016,30(2):361-372.
[9]邓超,白国平,仲米虹,等.巴西桑托斯盆地含油气系统划分与评价[J].海相油气地质,2014,19(3):35-42.
[10]王一帆,白国平.中阿拉伯盆地油气分布规律和主控因素研究[J].沉积与特提斯地质,2014,34(2):104-112.
[11]陈学海,卢双舫,陈学洋,等.北乌斯丘尔特盆地含油气系统及勘探前景分析[J].特种油气藏[J]. 2017,24(3):31
[12]Nawawi A,Anwar S,Heriyanto N,et al. West Natuna Basin,Petroleum Geology of Indonesian Basins-Principles,Methods,and Application[M]. Jakarta:Pertamina BPPKA,1996:86-88.
[13]Hakin M R,Naiola M Y Y,Simangunsong Y R A,et al.Hydrocarbon play of West Natuna Basin and challenge for new exploration related to structural setting and stratigraphic succession[J]. Journal of Computational Chemistry,2008,20(10):1018-1027.
[14]朱伟林,胡平,江文荣,等.南亚—东南亚含油气盆地[M].北京:科学出版社,2012. 9-89.
[15]倪仕琪,王志欣,刘凤鸣,等.印度尼西亚西纳土纳盆地油气地质特征与分布规律[J].海洋地质前沿,2017,33(2):26-34.
[16]IHS Energy. West Natuna Basin[DB/OL].(2012-10)[2016-3-11]. http://www. ihs. com/.
[17]C&C Reservoirs. Belida Field West Natuna Basin,Indonesia[DB/OL].(2011-5)[2016-6-15]. http://www.ccreservoirs. com/.
[18]杨福忠,洪国良,祝厚勤,等.东南亚地区成藏组合特征及勘探潜力[J].地学前缘,2014,21(3):112-117.
[19]Doust H,Summer H S. Petroleum systems in rift basins-a collective approach in Southeast Asian basins[J]. Petroleum Geoscience,2007,13(2):127-144.
[20]Doust H,Noble R A. Petroleum systems of Indonesia[J].Marine&Petroleum Geology,2008,25(2):103-129.
[21]姚永坚,吕彩丽,康永尚,等.东南亚地区烃源岩特征与主控因素[J].地球科学(中国地质大学学报),2013,38(2):367-378.
[22]邓运华.试论中国南海两个盆地带油气地质差异性[J].中国海上油气,2016,28(6):1-8.
[23]杨明慧,张厚和,廖宗宝,等.南海南沙海域主要盆地含油气系统特征[J].地学前缘,2015,22(3):48-58.
[24]Shoup R C,Morley R J,Swiecicki T,et al. Tectono-stratigraphic framework and tertiary paleogeography of Southeast Asia;Gulf of Thailand to South Vietnam Shelf[J]. Houston Geological Society Bulletin,2013,55(6):27,29,31,33,35,37,39.
[25]Du Bois E P. Review of principal hydrocarbon-bearing basins of the South China Sea area[J]. Energy,1981,6(11):1113-1140.
[26]Tjia H D,Liew K K. Changes in tectonic stress field in northern Sunda Shelf basins[J]. Geological Society,London,Special Publications,1996,106(1):291-306.
[27]Wirojudo G K,Wongsosantiko A. Tertiary tectonic evolution and related hydrocarbon potential in the Natuna area[J]. Energy,1985,10(3-4):433-455.
[28]Burton D,Wood L J,Burton D. Seismic geomorphology and tectonostratigraphic fill of half grabens,West Natuna Basin,Indonesia[J]. AAPG Bulletin,2010,94(11):1695-1712.
[29]Ginger D C,Ardjakusumah W O,Hedley R J,et al. Inversion history of the West Natuna Basin:examples from the Cumi-Cumi PSC[A]. 22nd Annual Convention Proceeding[C]. Jakarta:Indonesian Petroleum Association,1993. 635-658.
[30]Nagura H,Honda H,Katori S. Tertiary inversion tectonics and petroleum systems in West Natuna Sea Basins,Indonesia[J].Journal of the Japanese Association for Petroleum Technology,2000,65(1):91-102.
[31]Sutoto A. Reservoir geology of the Belida field South Natuna Sea,Block B[A]. 20th Annual Convention Proceedings[C].Jakarta:Indonesian Petroleum Association,1991:453-478.
[32]Michael E,Adrian H. The petroleum systems ofWest Block B PSC,South Natuna Sea,Indonesia[A]. 25th Silver Annual Convention Proceedings[C]. Jakarta:Indonesian Petroleum Association,1996. 465-679.
[33]IHS Energy. Malay Basin[DB/OL].(2012-10)[2016-3-15]. http://www. ihs. com/.
[34]Prasetyo B. Source rock evaluation and crude oil characteristics,West Natuna Area,Indonesia[A]. 28th Annual Convention Proceeding[C]. Jakarta:Indonesian Petroleum Association,2002. 825-837.
[35]Phillips S,Little L,Michael E,et al. Sequence stratigraphy of Tertiary petroleum systems in the West Natuna Basin,Indonesia[A]. Howes J V C,Noble R A. Proceedings of the Conference on Petroleum Systems of SE Asia and Australasia[C]. Jakarta:Indonesian Petroleum Association,1997. 381-390.
[36]Madon M B H,Anuar A,Wong R. Structural evolution,maturation history,and hydrocarbon potential of the Penyu Basin,offshore peninsular Malaysia[A]. Howes J V C,Noble R A. Proceedings of the Conference on Petroleum Systems of SE Asia and Australasia[C]. Jakarta:Indonesian Petroleum Association,1997. 403-424.
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