干旱沙漠区2种深根植物根际微生物数量分布及根际效应研究
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摘要
本研究以古尔班通古特沙漠东南缘2种深根植物疏叶骆驼刺、多枝柽柳不同土层深度根际土壤、根外土壤为研究对象,运用平板划线法研究根际土壤、跟外土壤微生物数量,并对其根际效应进行探讨。研究结果显示,细菌占根际可培养微生物数量中的绝大多数。每种植物根际细菌数量、微生物总数在不同土层有相同的波动变化规律。根际真菌、放线菌在不同植物不同土层也呈现差异性分布。根际细菌数量、微生物总数排序为疏叶骆驼刺>多枝柽柳。根际真菌、放线菌数量排序为疏叶骆驼刺>多枝柽柳。除多枝柽柳根际细菌、放线菌、微生物总数在0～50 cm和200～250 cm土层呈现负效应,其余样本根际效应均为正效应。
This study was conducted in the southeastern margin of the Gurbantungut Desert,and two deep-root plants(Alhagi sparsifolia Shap.and Tamarix ramosissima Ledeb.)were selected.The number of rhizosphere and extrarhizosphere microorganisms in different depths was counted,and the rhizosphere effect was also discussed.The results showed that bacteria accounted for most of the number of culturable microorganisms in the rhizosphere.The number of bacteria and the total number of microorganisms in the rhizosphere of different plants had the same fluctuation in different soil layers.Rhizosphere fungi and actinomycetes showed different distribution in different soil layers of different plants.The number of rhizosphere bacteria,microbial total order was A.sparsifolia >T.ramosissima.Rhizosphere fungi and actinomycetes were as follows :A.sparsifolia >T.ramosissima.In addition,the total number of rhizosphere bacteria,actinomycetes and microorganisms in T.ramosissima were negative in 0-50 cm and 200-250 cm soil layers,and the rhizosphere effect was positive in other samples.
This study was conducted in the southeastern margin of the Gurbantungut Desert,and two deep-root plants(Alhagi sparsifolia Shap.and Tamarix ramosissima Ledeb.)were selected.The number of rhizosphere and extrarhizosphere microorganisms in different depths was counted,and the rhizosphere effect was also discussed.The results showed that bacteria accounted for most of the number of culturable microorganisms in the rhizosphere.The number of bacteria and the total number of microorganisms in the rhizosphere of different plants had the same fluctuation in different soil layers.Rhizosphere fungi and actinomycetes showed different distribution in different soil layers of different plants.The number of rhizosphere bacteria,microbial total order was A.sparsifolia >T.ramosissima.Rhizosphere fungi and actinomycetes were as follows :A.sparsifolia >T.ramosissima.In addition,the total number of rhizosphere bacteria,actinomycetes and microorganisms in T.ramosissima were negative in 0-50 cm and 200-250 cm soil layers,and the rhizosphere effect was positive in other samples.
引文
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[3]PHILLIPS R P,FAHEY T J.the influence of soil fertility on rhizosphere effects in northern hardwood forest soils[J].Soilence Society of America Journal,2013,72(2):453-461.
[4]王卫霞.新疆几种典型荒漠植物根际微生物特征及内生固氮菌的分离、促生性能研究[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆农业大学,2009.
[5]NOYMEIR I.desert ecosystems:environment and producers[J].Annual Review of Ecology&Systematics,1973,4(1):25-51.
[6]SKUJINS J.microbial ecology of desert soils[J].Advances in Microbial Ecology,1984,7:49-91.
[7]BHATNAGAR A,BHATNAGAR M.Microbial diversity in desert ecosystems[J].Current Science,2005,89(1):91-100.
[8]刘波.多年生植物细根主要功能特征及其变异格局[D].乌鲁木齐:中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,2013.
[9]GUI D.Characteristics of the clonal propagation of Alhagi sparsifolia Shap.(Fabaceae)under different groundwater depths in Xinjiang,China[J].Rangeland Journal,2013,35(3):355-362.
[10]何寻阳,苏以荣,梁月明,等.喀斯特峰丛洼地不同退耕模式土壤微生物多样性[J].应用生态学报,2010,21(2):317-324.
[11]BRUNDRETT M C.Tansley review no.134:Coevolution of roots and mycorrhizas of land plants[J].New Phytologist,2002,154(2):275-304.
[12]李从娟,雷加强,徐新文,等.古尔班通古特沙漠土壤水分与化学性质的空间分布[J].生态学报,2014,34(15):4380-4389.
[13]張憲武,許光輝.騰格里沙漠地区沙地土壤微生物学特性的研究[J].土壤学报,1962(3):227-234.
[14]靳正忠,雷家强,李生宇,等.流动沙漠腹地灌木根际土壤微生物比较分析[J].应用与环境生物学报,2010,16(6):759-764.
[15]GUNATILAKA A A L.Natural products from plant-associated microorganisms:Distribution,structural diversity,bioactivity,and implications of their occurrence[J].Journal of Natural Products,2006,69(3):509.
[16]MCLELLAN C A,TURBYVILLE T J,WIJERATNE E M,et al.A rhizosphere fungus enhances Arabidopsis thermotolerance through production of an HSP90 inhibitor[J].Plant Physiology,2007,145(1):174-82.
[17]庹利,旭格拉·哈布丁,郭琳,等.罗布泊地区沙生植物根际放线菌多样性及生物活性的研究[J].中国抗生素杂志,2012,37(1):21-26.
[18]WARDLE D A.A comparative assessment of factors which influence microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen levels in soil[J].Biological Reviews,1992,67(3):321-358.
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