相图对广西栗木花岗岩斑晶及起源岩浆的热力学形成条件的分析
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摘要
与压力、温度、源岩成分、部分熔融程度有关的岩浆起源量化分析是花岗岩研究的难点。以广西栗木第二阶段花岗岩为研究对象,在岩相学及晶体类型分析的基础上,选择熔体晶体群中的斑晶和小颗粒环带净边结构斜长石及自形石英等作为探讨花岗岩起源之初始岩浆的特殊晶体群,运用相图分析它们形成时的压力和温度,进而推导出初始岩浆形成时的压力约为0.43 GPa(相当于深约16km处的上地壳),开始熔融出岩浆的共结点温度约为720°,初始岩浆最终熔出温度略高于800°,源岩成分的基性程度Ab/An值大于7.8。研究还表明,选择的特殊晶体群没有经历岩浆上升途中的阶段性生长,并认为,对于钙长石含量低的An—Ab—Or—Q岩浆体系(An<5%),斑晶条纹长石的成分能够反映花岗岩浆起源时的部分熔融程度。该研究克服了前人利用矿物化学成分计算只能得出岩浆侵位时结晶温度、压力而得不到部分熔融时的熔融温度和压力的缺点,可为花岗岩起源分析提供有益的参考。
Objectives: To learn that the forming thermodynamic conditions of phenocrysts and original magma of Limu granite in Guangxi.Methods: On the basis of petrography study and classification of crystals of the granite,take the phenocrysts,fine grain zoning plagioclase and idiomorphic crystal quartz,which belong to the melt—crystal group,as the special crystal group for exploring the forming thermodynamic conditions of original magma. By means of phase diagram analysis,to get the forming temperature and pressure of the phenocrysts of the rocks from the second stage granite,further more,to elicit the thermodynamic conditions of original magma forming,and the ratio of Ab to An of source rock.Results:(1) The pressure of original magma forming was about 0.43 GPa( equivalent to a depth of about 16 km of the upper crust),the melting temperature of eutectic point was about 720°,the final melting temperature was a little higher than 800°,and the ratio of Ab to An of the source rock was greater than 7. 8.(2) The formation of precipitated phases of perthite phenocrysts was aroused by the separating of alkali feldspar solid solution when the temperature of the magma got to the eutectic point of 720 °,before this temperature,alkali feldspar were singlephase and equilibrium with liquid phase.(3)The selected phenocrysts did not undergo the staged growth on the way of magma rise,can represent the crystallization of initial magma in deep magma chamber.(4)For the magma An—Ab—Or—Q systems which have low calcium feldspar content( An<5%),the compositions( or components) of the perthite phenocrysts can reflect the partial melting degree of original magma.Conclusions: By means of using phase diagram analysis on phenocrysts,could get the forming thermodynamic conditions of phenocrysts and original magma of Limu granite in Guangxi. This study overcomes the disadvantages made with the calculation of mineral chemical composition,can get the temperature and pressure of crystallization of magma in deep magma chamber and melting temperature and partial melting degree,instead of getting the temperature and pressure of crystallization after magmatic emplacement.
Objectives: To learn that the forming thermodynamic conditions of phenocrysts and original magma of Limu granite in Guangxi.Methods: On the basis of petrography study and classification of crystals of the granite,take the phenocrysts,fine grain zoning plagioclase and idiomorphic crystal quartz,which belong to the melt—crystal group,as the special crystal group for exploring the forming thermodynamic conditions of original magma. By means of phase diagram analysis,to get the forming temperature and pressure of the phenocrysts of the rocks from the second stage granite,further more,to elicit the thermodynamic conditions of original magma forming,and the ratio of Ab to An of source rock.Results:(1) The pressure of original magma forming was about 0.43 GPa( equivalent to a depth of about 16 km of the upper crust),the melting temperature of eutectic point was about 720°,the final melting temperature was a little higher than 800°,and the ratio of Ab to An of the source rock was greater than 7. 8.(2) The formation of precipitated phases of perthite phenocrysts was aroused by the separating of alkali feldspar solid solution when the temperature of the magma got to the eutectic point of 720 °,before this temperature,alkali feldspar were singlephase and equilibrium with liquid phase.(3)The selected phenocrysts did not undergo the staged growth on the way of magma rise,can represent the crystallization of initial magma in deep magma chamber.(4)For the magma An—Ab—Or—Q systems which have low calcium feldspar content( An<5%),the compositions( or components) of the perthite phenocrysts can reflect the partial melting degree of original magma.Conclusions: By means of using phase diagram analysis on phenocrysts,could get the forming thermodynamic conditions of phenocrysts and original magma of Limu granite in Guangxi. This study overcomes the disadvantages made with the calculation of mineral chemical composition,can get the temperature and pressure of crystallization of magma in deep magma chamber and melting temperature and partial melting degree,instead of getting the temperature and pressure of crystallization after magmatic emplacement.
引文
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黄小娥,徐志华.2005.江西雅山花岗岩体交代作用及其与稀有金属的成矿关系.江西有色金属,19(4):1～4.
康志强,冯佐海,杨锋,廖家飞,潘会彬.2012.广西桂林地区东部栗木花岗岩体SHRIMP锆石U—Pb年龄.地质通报38(1):1306～1312.
梁磊,张玲,颜自给,董业才.2017.广西栗木花岗岩岩浆气—液分异作用与成矿作用.地质论评,63(1):61～74.
罗照华,黄忠敏,柯珊.2007.花岗质岩石的基本问题.地质论评,53(Supp.):181～226.
罗照华,杨宗锋,代耕,程黎鹿,周九龙.2013.火成岩的晶体群与成因矿物学展望.中国地质,40(1):176～181.
南京大学地质系.1981.华南不同时代花岗岩类及其与成矿关系.北京:科学出版社:291～304.
邱家骧.1985.岩浆岩岩石学.北京:地质出版社:238～240.
田亚洲,杨经绥,张仲明,熊发挥,李源,刘钊,刘飞,牛晓露.2015.新疆萨尔托海高铝铬铁矿中异常矿物群的发现及意义.岩石学报,31(12):3650～3662.
王联魁,朱为方,张绍立.1983.液态分离—南岭花岗岩分异方式之一.地质论评,29(2):365～373.
王联魁,王慧芬,黄智龙.1997.锂氟花岗质岩石三端元组分的发现及液态分离成因.地质与勘探,33(3):11～20.
吴福元,李献华,杨进辉,郑永飞.2007.花岗岩成因研究的若干问题.岩石学报,23(6):1217～1238.
杨锋,李晓峰,冯佐海,白艳萍.2009.栗木锡矿云英岩化花岗岩白云母40Ar/39Ar年龄及其地质意义.桂林工学院学报,29(1):21～24.
杨经绥,白文吉,方青松,戎合.2008.西藏罗布莎蛇绿岩铬铁矿中的超高压矿物和新矿物(综述).地球学报,29(3):263～274.
杨经绥,徐向珍,李源,李金阳,巴登珠,戎合,张仲明.2011.西藏雅鲁藏布江缝合带的普兰地幔橄榄岩中发现金刚石:蛇绿岩型金刚石分类的提出.岩石学报,27(11):3171～3178.
杨丽贞,刘融涛,白艳萍.2011.广西南部钦州地区早—中三叠世火山事件——台马碎斑熔岩.地质通报,30(1):95～100
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张怀峰,陆建军,王汝成,章荣清.2013.广西栗木矿区牛栏岭岩体印支期年龄的厘定及其意义.高校地质学报,19(2):220～232.
张怀峰,陆建军,王汝成,马东升,朱金初,章荣清.2014.广西栗木大歧岭隐伏花岗岩的成因及其构造意义:岩石地球化学、锆石U—Pb年代学和Nd—Hf同位素制约.中国科学:地球科学,44(5):901～918.
张玲,梁磊.2018.伟晶岩与细晶岩的成因—以广西栗木稀有金属花岗岩地区为例.桂林理工大学学报,38(2):175～188.
朱金初,王汝成,陆建军,张辉,张文兰,谢磊,章荣清.2011.湘南癞子岭花岗岩体分异演化和成岩成矿.高校地质学报,17(3):381～392.
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Deng Jinfu.1987#.Phase Relations and Generation of Rocks.Wuhan:Press of Geology College in Wuhan:54～66.
Department of Geology,Nanjing University.1981#.Granitoids of Different Ages in South China and their Metallogenetic Relations.Beijing:Science Press:291～304.
Gan Xiaocun,Zhu Jinchu and Shen Weizhou.1992&.The genesis of Shuiximiao rare metal granite Limu,Guangxi Autonomous Region.Contributions to Geology and Mineral Resources Research,7(2):35～45.
Green T H.1982.Anatexis of mafic crust and high pressure crystallization of andesite.In:Thorp R S(ed).Andesites,John Wiley﹠Sons,465～487.
Huang Xiaoe and Xu Zhihua.2005&.Metasomatism of Jiangxi Yashan Granite body and metallogenic relationship between it and rare metals.Jiangxi Nonferrous Metals,19(4):1～4.
Kang Zhiqiang,Feng Zhuohai,Yang Feng,Liao Jiafei,Pan Huibin.2012&.SHRIMP zircon U-Pb age of the Limu granite in eastern Guilin,Guangxi.Geological Bulletin of China,31(8):1306～1312.
Liang Lei,Zhang Ling,Yan Zigei and Dong Yecai.2017&.Liquid—gas fractionation and mineralization in the Limu granites,Guangxi.Geological Review,63(1):61～74.
Luo Zhaohua,Huang Zhongmin,Ke Shan.2007.An overview of granitoid.Geological Review,53(Supp.):181～226.
Luo Zhaohua,Yang Zongfeng,Dai Geng,Cheng Lilu,Zhou Jiulong.2013&.Crystal population of igneous rocks and their implications in genetic mineralogy.Geology in China,40(1):176～181.
Morse S A.1976.Alkali feldspars with water at 5kb pressure.Journal of Petrology,11:221～251.
Qiu Jiaxiang.1985#.Igneous Rocks.Beijing:Geology Press:238～240.
Tian Yazhou,Yang Jingsui,Zhang Zhongming,Xiong Fahui,Li Yuan,Liu Zhao,Liu Fei and Niu Xiaolu.2015&.Discovery and implication of unusual mineral group from Sarthay high-Al chromitites,Xinjiang.Acta Petrologica Sinica,31(12):3650～3662.
Tuttle O F and Bowen N J.1958.Origin of granite in the light of experimental studies in the system NaAlSi3O8— KAlSi3O8—SiO2—H2O.Geol.Soc.America Memoir,74:153～158.
Wang Liankui,Zhu Weifang and Zhang Shaoli.I983&.Liquid segregation-one of the main modes of differentiation of the Nanling Granite.Geological Review,29(2):365～373.
Wang Liankui,Wang Huifen and Huang Zhilong.1997&.Discovery on the three end-members’components of Li—F granite rock and its liquid -state separation origin.Geology and Prospecting,33(3):11～20.
Wu Fuyuan,Li Xianhua,Yang Jinhui and Zheng Yongfei.2007&.Discussions on the petrogenesis of granites.Acta Petrologica Sinica,23(6):1217～1238.
Wyllie P J.1976.Granitic magmas,possible and impossible sources,water contents,and crystallization sequence.Can.J.Earth Sci.,13(8):7～8.
Yang Feng,Li Xiaofeng,Feng Zuohai,Bai Yanping.2009&.40Ar/39Ar Dating of muscovite from greiseized granite and geological significance in Limu tin deposit.Journal of Guilin University of Technology,29(1):21～24.
Yang J S,Dobrzhinetskaya L,Bai W J,Fang Q S,Robinson P T,Zhang J F and Green H W.2007.Diamond and coesite-bearing chromitites from the Luobusa ophiolite,Tibet.Geology,35(10):875～878.
Yang Jingsui,Bai Wenji,Fang Qingshong,Rong He.2008&.Ultrahigh-pressure minerals and new minerals from the Luobusa ophiolite chromitites in Tibet:A review.Acta Geoscientica Sinica,29(3):263～274.
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甘晓春,朱金初,沈渭洲.1992.广西栗木水溪庙稀有金属花岗岩成因.地质找矿论丛,7(2):35～45.
黄小娥,徐志华.2005.江西雅山花岗岩体交代作用及其与稀有金属的成矿关系.江西有色金属,19(4):1～4.
康志强,冯佐海,杨锋,廖家飞,潘会彬.2012.广西桂林地区东部栗木花岗岩体SHRIMP锆石U—Pb年龄.地质通报38(1):1306～1312.
梁磊,张玲,颜自给,董业才.2017.广西栗木花岗岩岩浆气—液分异作用与成矿作用.地质论评,63(1):61～74.
罗照华,黄忠敏,柯珊.2007.花岗质岩石的基本问题.地质论评,53(Supp.):181～226.
罗照华,杨宗锋,代耕,程黎鹿,周九龙.2013.火成岩的晶体群与成因矿物学展望.中国地质,40(1):176～181.
南京大学地质系.1981.华南不同时代花岗岩类及其与成矿关系.北京:科学出版社:291～304.
邱家骧.1985.岩浆岩岩石学.北京:地质出版社:238～240.
田亚洲,杨经绥,张仲明,熊发挥,李源,刘钊,刘飞,牛晓露.2015.新疆萨尔托海高铝铬铁矿中异常矿物群的发现及意义.岩石学报,31(12):3650～3662.
王联魁,朱为方,张绍立.1983.液态分离—南岭花岗岩分异方式之一.地质论评,29(2):365～373.
王联魁,王慧芬,黄智龙.1997.锂氟花岗质岩石三端元组分的发现及液态分离成因.地质与勘探,33(3):11～20.
吴福元,李献华,杨进辉,郑永飞.2007.花岗岩成因研究的若干问题.岩石学报,23(6):1217～1238.
杨锋,李晓峰,冯佐海,白艳萍.2009.栗木锡矿云英岩化花岗岩白云母40Ar/39Ar年龄及其地质意义.桂林工学院学报,29(1):21～24.
杨经绥,白文吉,方青松,戎合.2008.西藏罗布莎蛇绿岩铬铁矿中的超高压矿物和新矿物(综述).地球学报,29(3):263～274.
杨经绥,徐向珍,李源,李金阳,巴登珠,戎合,张仲明.2011.西藏雅鲁藏布江缝合带的普兰地幔橄榄岩中发现金刚石:蛇绿岩型金刚石分类的提出.岩石学报,27(11):3171～3178.
杨丽贞,刘融涛,白艳萍.2011.广西南部钦州地区早—中三叠世火山事件——台马碎斑熔岩.地质通报,30(1):95～100
袁忠信,白鸽,杨岳清.1987.稀有金属花岗岩型矿床成因讨论.矿床地质,6(1):88～9.
张怀峰,陆建军,王汝成,章荣清.2013.广西栗木矿区牛栏岭岩体印支期年龄的厘定及其意义.高校地质学报,19(2):220～232.
张怀峰,陆建军,王汝成,马东升,朱金初,章荣清.2014.广西栗木大歧岭隐伏花岗岩的成因及其构造意义:岩石地球化学、锆石U—Pb年代学和Nd—Hf同位素制约.中国科学:地球科学,44(5):901～918.
张玲,梁磊.2018.伟晶岩与细晶岩的成因—以广西栗木稀有金属花岗岩地区为例.桂林理工大学学报,38(2):175～188.
朱金初,王汝成,陆建军,张辉,张文兰,谢磊,章荣清.2011.湘南癞子岭花岗岩体分异演化和成岩成矿.高校地质学报,17(3):381～392.
Barker D S.1983.Igneous Rocks.New Jersey:Prentice-Hall:24～123.
Deng Jinfu.1987#.Phase Relations and Generation of Rocks.Wuhan:Press of Geology College in Wuhan:54～66.
Department of Geology,Nanjing University.1981#.Granitoids of Different Ages in South China and their Metallogenetic Relations.Beijing:Science Press:291～304.
Gan Xiaocun,Zhu Jinchu and Shen Weizhou.1992&.The genesis of Shuiximiao rare metal granite Limu,Guangxi Autonomous Region.Contributions to Geology and Mineral Resources Research,7(2):35～45.
Green T H.1982.Anatexis of mafic crust and high pressure crystallization of andesite.In:Thorp R S(ed).Andesites,John Wiley﹠Sons,465～487.
Huang Xiaoe and Xu Zhihua.2005&.Metasomatism of Jiangxi Yashan Granite body and metallogenic relationship between it and rare metals.Jiangxi Nonferrous Metals,19(4):1～4.
Kang Zhiqiang,Feng Zhuohai,Yang Feng,Liao Jiafei,Pan Huibin.2012&.SHRIMP zircon U-Pb age of the Limu granite in eastern Guilin,Guangxi.Geological Bulletin of China,31(8):1306～1312.
Liang Lei,Zhang Ling,Yan Zigei and Dong Yecai.2017&.Liquid—gas fractionation and mineralization in the Limu granites,Guangxi.Geological Review,63(1):61～74.
Luo Zhaohua,Huang Zhongmin,Ke Shan.2007.An overview of granitoid.Geological Review,53(Supp.):181～226.
Luo Zhaohua,Yang Zongfeng,Dai Geng,Cheng Lilu,Zhou Jiulong.2013&.Crystal population of igneous rocks and their implications in genetic mineralogy.Geology in China,40(1):176～181.
Morse S A.1976.Alkali feldspars with water at 5kb pressure.Journal of Petrology,11:221～251.
Qiu Jiaxiang.1985#.Igneous Rocks.Beijing:Geology Press:238～240.
Tian Yazhou,Yang Jingsui,Zhang Zhongming,Xiong Fahui,Li Yuan,Liu Zhao,Liu Fei and Niu Xiaolu.2015&.Discovery and implication of unusual mineral group from Sarthay high-Al chromitites,Xinjiang.Acta Petrologica Sinica,31(12):3650～3662.
Tuttle O F and Bowen N J.1958.Origin of granite in the light of experimental studies in the system NaAlSi3O8— KAlSi3O8—SiO2—H2O.Geol.Soc.America Memoir,74:153～158.
Wang Liankui,Zhu Weifang and Zhang Shaoli.I983&.Liquid segregation-one of the main modes of differentiation of the Nanling Granite.Geological Review,29(2):365～373.
Wang Liankui,Wang Huifen and Huang Zhilong.1997&.Discovery on the three end-members’components of Li—F granite rock and its liquid -state separation origin.Geology and Prospecting,33(3):11～20.
Wu Fuyuan,Li Xianhua,Yang Jinhui and Zheng Yongfei.2007&.Discussions on the petrogenesis of granites.Acta Petrologica Sinica,23(6):1217～1238.
Wyllie P J.1976.Granitic magmas,possible and impossible sources,water contents,and crystallization sequence.Can.J.Earth Sci.,13(8):7～8.
Yang Feng,Li Xiaofeng,Feng Zuohai,Bai Yanping.2009&.40Ar/39Ar Dating of muscovite from greiseized granite and geological significance in Limu tin deposit.Journal of Guilin University of Technology,29(1):21～24.
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