珠江口盆地白云凹陷东部凝析气藏成因机制
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摘要
根据油气有机地球化学特征、储层流体包裹体和流体PVT相态资料,研究珠江口盆地白云凹陷东部凝析气藏的成因机制。结果表明:白云凹陷东部凝析油具有高Pr/Ph、高丰度的奥利烷和双杜松烷的特征,热演化处于成熟阶段,凝析油主要来源于富陆源有机质的浅湖—三角洲相泥岩;凝析气藏天然气成熟度在1.30%～1.80%之间,为富陆源有机质的浅湖—三角洲相烃源岩高成熟阶段的产物。凝析气藏中计算凝析油成熟度约为1.00%,远低于原生凝析油成熟度(1.30%)的热力学门限;天然气为高成熟凝析气。研究区至少发生两期油气运聚,晚期形成的高成熟凝析气侵入早期充注的油藏,使油藏中的轻质组分溶于凝析气,形成次生凝析气藏。该结果为白云凹陷凝析气藏的勘探开发提供指导。
The origin of condensate gas pools in the east of Baiyun Sag in Pearl River Mouth Basin are analyzed,based on the PVT phase,the fluid inclusions and organic geochemical characteristics of oil and gas.The condensate oil in the east of Baiyun Sag is characterized by high Pr/Ph ratio,high olulanes and duomonanes,and the thermal evolution is in the mature stage.The condensate oil mainly derived from shallow lacustrine-delta facies mudstone with rich terrestrial organic matter.The maturity of natural gasin condensate gas pools is between 1.30% and 1.80%,which is the product of high mature stage of shallow lacustrine delta facies mudstone with rich terrestrial organic matter.The calculated maturity Rc of condensate oil is near 1.00%in the east of Baiyun Sag,far below the threshold of R_o=1.30% for thermal cracking.Natural gas is high maturity condensate gas.At least two stages of oil and gas accumulation occurred in this area.The high mature condensate gas formed in the late stage invaded the early filling reservoir,so that the light components in the reservoir dissolved in the condensate gas,forming the subsequent condensatesgas pools.The results provide guidance for exploration and development of condensate gas reservoirs in Baiyun Sag.
The origin of condensate gas pools in the east of Baiyun Sag in Pearl River Mouth Basin are analyzed,based on the PVT phase,the fluid inclusions and organic geochemical characteristics of oil and gas.The condensate oil in the east of Baiyun Sag is characterized by high Pr/Ph ratio,high olulanes and duomonanes,and the thermal evolution is in the mature stage.The condensate oil mainly derived from shallow lacustrine-delta facies mudstone with rich terrestrial organic matter.The maturity of natural gasin condensate gas pools is between 1.30% and 1.80%,which is the product of high mature stage of shallow lacustrine delta facies mudstone with rich terrestrial organic matter.The calculated maturity Rc of condensate oil is near 1.00%in the east of Baiyun Sag,far below the threshold of R_o=1.30% for thermal cracking.Natural gas is high maturity condensate gas.At least two stages of oil and gas accumulation occurred in this area.The high mature condensate gas formed in the late stage invaded the early filling reservoir,so that the light components in the reservoir dissolved in the condensate gas,forming the subsequent condensatesgas pools.The results provide guidance for exploration and development of condensate gas reservoirs in Baiyun Sag.
引文
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[2]黄汝昌,李景明,谢增业,等.中国凝析气藏的形成与分布[J].石油与天然气地质,1996,17(3):237-242.HUANG Ruchang,LI Jingming,XIE Zengye,et al.Formation and distribution of condensate gas pools in China[J].Oil&Gas Geology,1996,17(3):237-242.
[3]周兴熙.塔里木盆地凝析气的相态成因[J].天然气工业,1996,16(2):5-8.ZHOU Xingxi.Phase genesis of condensate gas in Talimu Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,1996,16(2):5-8.
[4]杨海军,吴楠,李勇,等.库车坳陷牙哈地区次生凝析气藏的成因差异[J].地质科技情报,2015,34(4):144-148.YANG Haijun,WU Nan,LI Yong,et al.Genetic differences of the subsequent condensates in Yaha Area,Kuche Depression[J].Geological Science and Technology Information,2015,34(4):144-148.
[5]THOMPSON K F M.Fractionated aromatic petroleum and the generation of gas-condensates[J].Orgnic Geochemistry,1987,11(6):573-590.
[6]赵文智,朱光有,苏劲,等.中国海相油气多期充注与成藏聚集模式研究:以塔里木盆地轮古东地区为例[J].岩石学报,2012,28(3):709-721.ZHAO Wenzhi,ZHU Guangyou,SU Jin,et al.Study on the multi-stage charging and accumulation model of Chinese marine petroleum:example from Eastern Lungu Area in the Tarim Basin[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2012,28(3):709-721.
[7]杨海军,朱光有.塔里木盆地凝析气田的地质特征及其形成机制[J].岩石学报,2013,29(9):3233-3250.YANG Haijun,ZHU Guangyou.The condensate gas field geological characteristics and its formation mechanism in Tarim Basin[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2013,29(9):3233-3250.
[8]张水昌,朱光有,杨海军,等.塔里木盆地北部奥陶系油气相态及其成因分析[J].岩石学报,2011,27(8):2447-2460.ZHANG Shuichang,ZHU Guangyou,YANG Haijun,et al.The phases of Ordovician hydrocarbon and their origin in the Tabei Uplift,Tarim Basin[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2011,27(8):2447-2460.
[9]朱俊章,蒋爱珠,施和生,等.珠江口盆地白云凹陷深水区LW3-1气田有效气源区与运聚模式探讨[J].中国海上油气,2012,24(4):25-31.ZHU Junzhang,JIANG Aizhu,SHI Hesheng,et al.The effective gas-source area and gas migration-accumulation model in LW3-1gas field,Baiyun Sag Deepwater Area,Pearl River Mouth Basin[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2012,24(4):25-31.
[10]朱俊章,施和生,庞雄,等.白云深水区东部油气成因来源与成藏特征[J].中国石油勘探,2012,17(4):21-28.ZHU Junzhang,SHI Hesheng,PANG Xiong,et al.Origins and accumulation characteristics of hydrocarbons in Eastern Baiyun Deepwater Area[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2012,17(4):21-28.
[11]米立军,柳保军,何敏,等.南海北部陆缘白云深水区油气地质特征与勘探方向[J].中国海上油气,2016,28(2):10-22.MI Lijun,LIU Baojun,HE Min,et al.Petroleum geology characteristics and exploration direction in Baiyun Deepwater Area,northern continental margin of the South China Sea[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2016,28(2):10-22.
[12]庞雄,陈长民,朱明,等.南海北部陆坡白云深水区油气成藏条件探讨[J].中国海上油气,2006,18(3):145-149.PANG Xiong,CHEN Changmin,ZHU Ming,et al.A discussion about hydrocarbon accumulation conditions in Baiyun Deepwater Area,the northern continental slope,South China Sea[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2006,18(3):145-149.
[13]张功成,杨海长,陈莹,等.白云凹陷-珠江口盆地深水区一个巨大的富生气凹陷[J].天然气工业,2014,34(11):11-25.ZHANG Gongcheng,YANG Haizhang,CHEN Ying,et al.The Baiyun Sag:agiant rich gas-generation sag in the deepwater area of the Pearl River Mouth Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2014,34(11):11-25.
[14]王思琦,张忠涛,林畅松,等.白云凹陷东南部晚渐新世陆架边缘三角洲沉积特征及沉积地貌演化[J].东北石油大学学报,2017,41(1):33-41.WANG Siqi,ZHANG Zhongtao,LIN Changsong,et al.Sedimentary features and sedimentary evolution of the shelf-margin delta in Late Oligocene of Southeast Baiyun Sag[J].Journal of Northeast Petroleum University,2017,41(1):33-41.
[15]邢作昌,林畅松,张忠涛,等,白云深水区珠海组陆架边缘三角洲沉积演化[J].特种油气藏,2017,24(5):15-20.XING Zuochang,LIN Changsong,ZHANG Zhongtao,et al.Deposit evolution of continental margin delta in the Zhuhai Formation in deepwater area of Baiyun Sag[J].Special Oil&Gas Reservoirs,2017,24(5):15-20.
[16]李燕,邓运华,李友川,等.珠江口盆地河流-三角洲体系煤系烃源岩发育特征及有利相带[J].东北石油大学学报,2016,40(1):62-71.LI Yan,DENG Yunhua,LI Youchuan,et al.Characteristics and favorable facies of coal-measure source rocks in river-delta system of Pearl River Mouth Basin[J].Journal of Northeast Petroleum University,2016,40(1):62-71.
[17]马铭,林畅松,陶泽,等.层序格架和斜坡水道体系的沉积构成及演化:以珠江口盆地白云凹陷东北部韩江组为例[J].东北石油大学学报,2017,41(6):85-95.MA Ming,LIN Changsong,TAO Ze,et al.Sedimentary architecture and evolution of slope channel and sequence stratigraphic framework:a case from northeast of Baiyun Sag,Pearl River Mouth Basin[J].Journal of Northeast Petroleum University,2017,41(6):85-95.
[18]胡惕麟,戈葆雄,张义纲,等.源岩吸附烃和天然气轻烃指纹参数的开发和应用[J].石油实验地质,1990,12(4):375-394.HU Tilin,GE Baoxiong,ZHANG Yigang,et al.The development and application of fingerprint paramenters for hydrocarbons absorbed by source rocks and light hydrocarbons in natural gas[J].Experimental Petroleum Geology,1990,12(4):375-394.
[19]彼得斯K E,沃尔斯C C,莫尔多万J M.生物标志化合物指南[M].2版.张水昌,李振西,译.北京:石油工业出版社,2011:110-111.PETERS K E,WALTERS C C,MOLODOWAN J M.The biomarker guide[M].2nd ed.ZHANG Shuichang,LI Zhenxi,trans.Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2011:110-111.
[20]RADKE M,WELTE D H,Willsch H.Maturity parameters based on aromatic hydrocarbons:influence of the organic matter type[J].Organic Geochemistry,1986,10(1/2/3):51-63.
[21]陈致林,刘旋,金洪蕊,等.利用双金刚烷指标研究济阳坳陷凝析油的成熟度和类型[J].沉积学报,2008,26(4):705-708.CHEN Zhilin,LIU Xuan,JIN Hongrui,et al.Study on condensate maturity and type using methyl diamantane parameter[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2008,26(4):705-708.
[22]FABER E.Zur isotopengeochemie gasf9rmiger Kohlenwasserstoffe[J].Erd9l Erdgas Kohle,1987,103(5):210-218.
[23]熊小峰,徐新德,郭潇潇,等.莺歌海盆地天然气乙烷碳同位素异常成因分析[J].特种油气藏,2016,23(4):85-89.XIONG Xiaofeng,XU Xinde,GUO Xiaoxiao,et al.Ethane carbon isotope anomaly genesis of natural gas in Yinggehai Basin[J].Special Oil&Gas Reservoirs,2016,23(4):85-89.
[24]郭潇潇,熊小峰,徐新德,等.莺歌海盆地天然气类型划分与来源分析[J].特种油气藏,2017,24(5):54-58.GUO Xiaoxiao,XIONG Xiaofeng,Xu Xinde,et al.Type classification and origin analysis of natural gas in the Yinggehai Basin[J].Special Oil&Gas Reservoirs,2017,24(5):54-58.
[25]宋岩,徐永昌.天然气成因类型及其鉴别[J].石油勘探与开发,2005,32(4):24-29.SONG Yan,XU Yongchang.Origin and identification of natural gases[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2005,32(4):24-29.
[26]戴金星.各类天然气的成因鉴别[J].中国海上油气(地质),1992,6(1):11-19.DAI Jinxing.Identification of various genetic natural gases[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas(Geology),1992,6(1):11-19.
[27]孙志道.油气藏流体类型判别方法[J].石油勘探与开发,1996,23(1):69-75.SUN Zhidao.Methods for determining the type of different oil and gas reservoirs fluid[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,1996,23(1):69-75.
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