基于Landsat影像巢湖蓝藻水华暴发时空变化特征及其驱动因素分析
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摘要
为研究巢湖蓝藻水华暴发的规律,该文以Landsat影像作为数据源,采用AFAI指数对藻华进行提取,分析1983～2017年巢湖蓝藻暴发的时空动态变化特征,并探讨巢湖藻华暴发的驱动因素。结果表明:1983～2017年巢湖藻华暴发频次、持续时间都在增加,历年最早暴发时间逐渐提前,藻华覆盖面积总体呈增加趋势。巢湖藻华主要分布在西北入湖口,西北部是巢湖藻华暴发的核心区。从其驱动力分析发现,风速、气温和大气压力是导致巢湖暴发重要影响因子,人口增长、GDP快速发展、施肥增加以及生活污水排放量增加是导致巢湖藻华现象日益严重的重要人为因素。
In order to research the law of blue algae bloom in Lake Chaohu, this paper used the Landsat satellite image as a data source and extracted algal blooms by AFAI index to analyze the temporal and spatial variation of the blue algae bloom in Lake Chaohu and the main driving force of blue algal bloom outbreaks in Lake Chaohu was discussed. The results showed that the frequency and duration of outbreaks of blue algal blooms in Lake Chaohu from 1983 to 2017 increased; the earliest time of the outbreaks in the calendar years gradually advanced; the area covered by algal blooms showed an overall increase trend. Lake Chaohu algae is mainly distributed in the northwest entrance to the lake, and the northwest is the core area of blue algal blooms in Lake Chaohu. From the analysis of its driving forces, the atmospheric pressure, air temperature and wind speed were important factors affecting the outbreak of Lake Chaohu. In addition, the Lake Chaohu population growth, rapid GDP growth, increased fertilization and increased domestic sewage discharge were important human factors that caused the blue algae bloom phenomenon in Lake Chaohu to become increasingly serious.
In order to research the law of blue algae bloom in Lake Chaohu, this paper used the Landsat satellite image as a data source and extracted algal blooms by AFAI index to analyze the temporal and spatial variation of the blue algae bloom in Lake Chaohu and the main driving force of blue algal bloom outbreaks in Lake Chaohu was discussed. The results showed that the frequency and duration of outbreaks of blue algal blooms in Lake Chaohu from 1983 to 2017 increased; the earliest time of the outbreaks in the calendar years gradually advanced; the area covered by algal blooms showed an overall increase trend. Lake Chaohu algae is mainly distributed in the northwest entrance to the lake, and the northwest is the core area of blue algal blooms in Lake Chaohu. From the analysis of its driving forces, the atmospheric pressure, air temperature and wind speed were important factors affecting the outbreak of Lake Chaohu. In addition, the Lake Chaohu population growth, rapid GDP growth, increased fertilization and increased domestic sewage discharge were important human factors that caused the blue algae bloom phenomenon in Lake Chaohu to become increasingly serious.
引文
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[25] AHN Y H,SHANMUGAM P.Detecting the red tide algal blooms from satellite ocean color observations in optically complex Northeast-Asia Coastal waters[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2006,103(4):419-437.
[26] HU C M.A novel ocean color index to detect floating algae in the global oceans.[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2009,113(10):2118-2129.
[27] 林怡,潘探,陈映鹰,等.基于遥感影像光谱分析的蓝藻水华识别方法[J].同济大学学报:自然科学版,2011,39(8):1247-1252.LIN Y,PAN T,CHEN Y Y,et al.Recognition of cyanobacteria bloom based on spectral analysis of remote sensing imagery[J].Journal of Tongji University(Natural Science),2011,39(8):1247-1252.
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[29] FANG C,SONG K,LI L,et al.Spatial variability and temporal dynamics of HABs in Northeast China[J].Ecological Indicators,2018,90(90):280-294.
[2] BEARDALL J,RAVEN J A.The potential effects of global climate change on microalgal photosynthesis,growth and ecology[J].Phycologia,2004,43(1):26-40.
[3] HU C,LEE Z,MA R,et al.Moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) observations of cyanobacteria blooms in Taihu Lake,China[M]//Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans.2010:261-263.
[4] PAERL H W,HUISMAN J.Climate change:a catalyst for global expansion of harmful cyanobacterial blooms.[J].Environmental Microbiology Reports,2009,1(1):27–37.
[5] SCHINDLER D W,HECKY R E,MCCULLOUGH G K.The rapid eutrophication of Lake Winnipeg:Greening under global change[J].Journal of Great Lakes Research,2012,38:6-13.
[6] JOHNK K D,HUISMAN J,SHARPLES J,et al.Summer heatwaves promote blooms of harmful cyanobacteria[J].Global Change Biology,2008,14(3):495-512.
[7] CRONBERG,GERTRUD,CLAES.Cyanodictyon imperfectum,a new chroococcal blue-green alga from,Lake Trummen,Sweden[J].1981:101-110.
[8] INFANTE A,RIEHL W.The effect of Cyanophyta upon zooplankton in a eutrophic tropical lake (Lake Valencia,Venezuela)[J].Hydrobiologia,1984,113(1):293-298.
[9] KISTE K,CARLSSON H.Environmental sustainability of floating biodigesters in Tonlé Sap,Cambodia[J].2013.
[10] MICHALAK A M,ANDERSON E J,BELETSKY D,et al.Record-setting algal bloom in Lake Erie caused by agricultural and meteorological trends consistent with expected future conditions.[J].Pnas,2013,110(16):6448-52.
[11] DUAN H T,MA R H,XU X F,et al.Two-decade reconstruction of algal blooms in China’s Lake Taihu.[J].Environmental Science & Technology,2009,43(10):3522-3528.
[12] 唐晓先,沈明,段洪涛.巢湖蓝藻水华时空分布(2000-2015年)[J].湖泊科学,2017,29(2):276-284.TANG X X,SHEN M,DUAN H T.Temporal and spatial distribution of algal blooms in Lake Chaohu,2000-2015[J].Journal of Lake Sciences,2017,29(2):276-284.
[13] 鲁韦坤,余凌翔,欧晓昆,等.滇池蓝藻水华发生频率与气象因子的关系[J].湖泊科学,2017,29(3):534-545.LV W K,YU L X,OU X K,et al.Relationship between occurrence frequency of cyanobacteria bloom and meteorological factors in Lake Dianchi[J].Journal of Lake Sciences,2017,29(3):534-545.
[14] 张娇,陈莉琼,陈晓玲.基于FAI方法的洱海蓝藻水华遥感监测[J].湖泊科学,2016,28(4):718-725.ZHANG J,CHEN L Q,CHEN X L.Monitoring the cyanobacterial blooms based on remote sensing in Lake Erhai by FAI[J].Journal of Lake Sciences,2016,28(4):718-725.
[15] 薛云,赵运林,张维,等.基于MODIS数据的2000～2013年洞庭湖水华暴发时空分布特征[J].湿地科学,2015,13(4):387-392.XUE Y,ZHAO Y L,ZHANG W,et al.Characteristics of Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Water Blooms Outbreak in Dongting Lake based on MODIS Data[J].Wetland Science,2015,13(4):387-392.
[16] 王扬才,陆开宏.蓝藻水华的危害及治理动态[J].水产学杂志,2004,17(1):90-94.WANG Y C,LV K H.The harmfulness and control dynamics of cyanobacteria bloom[J].Chinese Journal of Fisheries,2004,17(1):90-94.
[17] 段洪涛,张寿选,张渊智.太湖蓝藻水华遥感监测方法[J].湖泊科学,2008,20(2):145-152.DUAN H T,ZHANG S X,ZHANG Y Z.Cyanobacteria bloom monitoring with remote sensing in Lake Taihu[J].Journal of Lake Sciences,2008,20(2):145-152.
[18] GROSS L,THIRIA S,FROUIN R,et al.Artificial neural networks for modeling the transfer function between marine reflectance and phytoplankton pigment concentration[J].Journal of Geophysical Research Oceans,2000,105(C2):3483-3495.
[19] SHI K,ZHANG Y,ZHOU Y,et al.Long-term MODIS observations of cyanobacterial dynamics in Lake Taihu:Responses to nutrient enrichment and meteorological factors[J].Sci Rep,2017,7:40326.
[20] 刘阁,李云梅,吕恒,等.基于MERIS影像的洪泽湖叶绿素a浓度时空变化规律分析[J].环境科学,2017,38(09):3645-3656.LIU G,LI Y M,LV H,et al.Remote Sensing of Chlorophyll-a Concentrations in Lake Hongze Using Long Time Series MERIS Observations[J].Environmental Science,2017,38(09):3645-3656.
[21] 朱利.基于HJ-1CCD的滇池蓝藻水华遥感监测与年度统计分析研究[C]// 中国环境遥感应用技术论坛.2012.ZHU L.Remote sensing monitoring and annual statistical analysis of cyanobacteria bloom in dianchi lake based on HJ-1CCD[C]//China environmental remote sensing application technology BBS.2012.
[22] 张红,黄勇.基于NOAA/AVHRR卫星资料的巢湖水华规律分析[J].中国环境科学,2009,29(7):727-732.ZHANG H,HUANG Y.Character of algae bloom in Chaohu Lake base on NOAA/AVHRR[J].China Environmental Science,2009,29(7):727-732.
[23] 胡雯,吴文玉,孔庆欣,等.用FY-1C/CAVHRR数据估算巢湖蓝藻叶绿素的含量[J].南京气象学院学报,2002,25(1):124-128.HU W,WU W Y,KONG Q X,et al.Research on estimating the concentrations of Chlorophyll-ɑ in Chaohu Lake using FY-1CACAVHRR data[J].Journal of Nanjing Institute of Meteorology,2002,25(1):124-128.
[24] 金惠淑,鱼京善,孙文超,等.基于GOCI遥感数据的湖泊富营养化监测研究[J].北京师范大学学报(自然科学版),2013,49(Z1):271-274.JIN S S,YU J S,SUN W C,et al.Monitoring lake eutrophication by goci remote sensing[J].Journal of Beijing Normal University(Natural Science),2013,49(Z1):271-274.
[25] AHN Y H,SHANMUGAM P.Detecting the red tide algal blooms from satellite ocean color observations in optically complex Northeast-Asia Coastal waters[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2006,103(4):419-437.
[26] HU C M.A novel ocean color index to detect floating algae in the global oceans.[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2009,113(10):2118-2129.
[27] 林怡,潘探,陈映鹰,等.基于遥感影像光谱分析的蓝藻水华识别方法[J].同济大学学报:自然科学版,2011,39(8):1247-1252.LIN Y,PAN T,CHEN Y Y,et al.Recognition of cyanobacteria bloom based on spectral analysis of remote sensing imagery[J].Journal of Tongji University(Natural Science),2011,39(8):1247-1252.
[28] 郭望成.基于环境1号卫星的蓝藻水华提取方法研究[D].南京:南京师范大学,2011.GUO W C.Study on the extraction method of cyanobacteria bloom based on env.1 satellite[D].Nanjing normal university,2011.
[29] FANG C,SONG K,LI L,et al.Spatial variability and temporal dynamics of HABs in Northeast China[J].Ecological Indicators,2018,90(90):280-294.
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