引气剂对延缓高海拔强碱环境下碱-硅酸反应的影响
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摘要
青藏高原盐渍土地区的碱金属离子含量很高,属于强碱环境,碱活性骨料分布广,极易引起混凝土发生碱-硅酸反应(ASR)。为确定引气剂延缓ASR的机理,设计了掺入矿物掺合料(SCM)的混凝土配比,并加入引气剂,研究了腐蚀溶液中的混凝土试件,包括1.5 a的强度发展和1 a的碱金属离子扩散浓度,并研究了砂浆棒试件210 d的膨胀率发展和龄期长达6 a的微观形貌。结果表明:相较于未使用引气剂的试件,掺量为0.05%的引气剂未引起混凝土试件(含气量5.4%)的强度损失,且有效降低了砂浆棒试件的膨胀率。此外,引气气孔成为了ASR产物的储仓,若混凝土碱量不变,则可控制碱活性骨料周边的ASR作用程度,延缓ASR胀裂的速率,有效改善SCM对ASR的抑制作用。
The saline soil areas of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, China, are in a strong alkali environment due to the high contents of alkali metal ions, which can easily cause the alkali-silica reaction(ASR) in concrete. To investigate the mechanism of the air-entraining agent in mitigating the ASR, a mix of concrete blended with supplementary cementitious materials(SCM) in the presence of air-entraining agent was designed. The strength development during 1.5 a and the diffusion concentration of alkali metal ions at 1 a of the concrete specimens in corrosive solution were analyzed. The expansion development of the mortar-bar specimens for 210 d and their microscopic morphology at 6 a were investigated. The results show that the air-entraining agent at 0.05% dosage does not cause the strength loss of concrete specimens(when gas content is 5.4%) and effectively reduce the expansions of mortar-bars specimens. In addition, the air-entraining pores become a reservoir of ASR products, controlling the extent of ASR around the alkali-active aggregates as the alkali of concrete is constant, delaying the cracking rate duo to ASR, and then improving the inhibitory effect of SCM on ASR.
The saline soil areas of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, China, are in a strong alkali environment due to the high contents of alkali metal ions, which can easily cause the alkali-silica reaction(ASR) in concrete. To investigate the mechanism of the air-entraining agent in mitigating the ASR, a mix of concrete blended with supplementary cementitious materials(SCM) in the presence of air-entraining agent was designed. The strength development during 1.5 a and the diffusion concentration of alkali metal ions at 1 a of the concrete specimens in corrosive solution were analyzed. The expansion development of the mortar-bar specimens for 210 d and their microscopic morphology at 6 a were investigated. The results show that the air-entraining agent at 0.05% dosage does not cause the strength loss of concrete specimens(when gas content is 5.4%) and effectively reduce the expansions of mortar-bars specimens. In addition, the air-entraining pores become a reservoir of ASR products, controlling the extent of ASR around the alkali-active aggregates as the alkali of concrete is constant, delaying the cracking rate duo to ASR, and then improving the inhibitory effect of SCM on ASR.
引文
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[18]高鹏,余红发,李颖,等.砂浆棒快速法Li2CO3与硝酸盐抑制ASR长龄期效果[J].建筑材料学报,2018,21(1):1-7.GAO Peng,YU Hongfa,LI Ying,et al.J Build Mater(in Chinese),2018,21(1):1-7.
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[22]孙景卫.铝盐对ASR的阻止作用及机理研究[D].唐山:河北理工大学,2008.SUN Jingwei.Effect of salt containing al on inhibiting ASR(in Chinese,dissertation).Tangshan:Institutes of Technology of Hebei,2008.
[23]卢都友,许仲梓,唐明述.不同结构构造硅质集料的碱硅酸反应模型[J].硅酸盐学报,2002(2):149-154.LU Douyou,XU Zhongzi,TANG Mingshu.J Chin Ceram Soc,2002(2):149-154.
[2]AMIN ZIAEI-NIA,GHOLAM-REZA TADAYONFAR,HAMIDESKANDARI-NADDAF.Effect of air entraining admixture on concrete under temperature changes in freeze and thaw cycles[J].Mater Today-Proceedings,2018,5(21):6208-6216.
[3]GIEDRIUS GIRSKAS,GINTAUTAS SKRIPKIUNAS.The effect of synthetic zeolite on hardened cement paste microstructure and freeze-thaw durability of concrete[J].Constr Build Mater,2017,142:117-127.
[4]马红娜.冻融循环和ASR协同作用下纤维混凝土损伤效应与抑制措施研究[D].杨陵:西北农林科技大学,2010.MA Hongna.Research on damage effect and control measures of fiber reinforced concrete under synergy of asr and freeze-thaw cycle(in Chinese,dissertation).Yangling:Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University,2010.
[5]PENG ZHANG,FOLKER H.WITTMANN,MICHAEL VOGEL,et al.Influence of freeze-thaw cycles on capillary absorption and chloride penetration into concrete[J].Cem Concr Res,2017,100:60-67.
[6]FARIS MATALKAH,PARVIZ SOROUSHIAN.Freeze thaw and deicer salt scaling resistance of concrete prepared with alkali aluminosilicate cement[J].Constr Build Mater,2018,163:200-213.
[7]邓敏,唐明述.碱含量、湿度、引气剂和碱-集料反应[J].混凝土与水泥制品,1992(3):14-16.DENG Min,TANG Mingshu.China Concr Cem Prod(in Chinese),1992(3):14-16.
[8]FUYUAN GONG,YUYA TAKAHASHI,KOICHI MAEKAWA.Strong coupling of freeze-thaw cycles and alkali silica reactionmulti-scale poro-mechanical approach to concrete damages[J].J Adv Concr Technol,2017,15(7):346-367.
[9]周述光,何廷树.矿物掺合料和外加剂复合使用抑制ASR的效果研究[J].西安建筑科技大学学报(自然科学版),2010(1):137-141.ZHOU Shuguang,HE Tingshu.J Xi’an Univ Arch Technol(Nat Sci Ed)(in Chinese),2010(1):137-141.
[10]NABIL M.AL-AKHRAS.Performance of olive waste ash concrete exposed to alkali-silica reaction[J].Struct Concr,2012,13(4):221-226.
[11]YAN SHI,HUAQUAN YANG,SHIHUA ZHOU,et al.Effect of atmospheric pressure on performance of aea and air entraining concrete[J].Adv Mater Sci Eng,2018//doi:10.1155/2018/6528412.
[12]李雪峰,付智.低气压环境对混凝土含气量及气泡稳定性的影响[J].硅酸盐学报,2015(8):1076-1082.LI Xuefeng,Fu Zhi.J Chin Ceram Soc,2015(8):1076-1082.
[13]朱长华.青藏高原多年冻土区高性能混凝土的试验研究[D].北京:铁道部科学研究院,2004.ZHU Zhanghua.Research on high performance concrete in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Permafrost Regions(QT-HCP)(in Chinese,dissertation).Beijing:Ministry of Railway Research Institute,2004.
[14]唐明述.关于碱-集料反应的几个理论问题[J].硅酸盐学报,1990(4):365-373.Tang Mingshu.J Chin Ceram Soc,1990(4):365-373.
[15]卢都友,许仲梓,吕忆农,等.碱硅酸反应(ASR)抑制措施研究评述[J].混凝土与水泥制品,1999(2):14-18.LU Douyou,XU Zhongzi,LU Yinong,et al.China Concr Cem Prod(in Chinese),1999(2):14-18.
[16]SEYON KANDASAMY,MEDHAT H.SHEHATA.The capacity of ternary blends containing slag and high-calcium fly ash to mitigate alkali silica reaction[J].Cem Concr Compos,2014,49:92-99.
[17]MICHAEL THOMAS.The effect of supplementary cementing materials on alkali-silica reaction:A review[J].Cem Concr Res,2011,41(12SI):1224-1231.
[18]高鹏,余红发,李颖,等.砂浆棒快速法Li2CO3与硝酸盐抑制ASR长龄期效果[J].建筑材料学报,2018,21(1):1-7.GAO Peng,YU Hongfa,LI Ying,et al.J Build Mater(in Chinese),2018,21(1):1-7.
[19]薛庆.引气剂与混凝土高性能化[J].混凝土,2005(4):22-25.XUE Qing.Concrete(in Chinese),2005(4):22-25.
[20]余红发.盐湖地区高性能混凝土的耐久性、机理与使用寿命预测方法[D].南京:东南大学,2004.YU Hongfa.Study on high performance concrete in salt lake:durability,mechanism and service life prediction(in Chinese,dissertation).Nanjing:Southeast University,2004.
[21]中国工程建设标准化协会.CECS 53-1993混凝土碱含量限值标准[S].中国:中国计划出版社,1993.China Association for Engineering Construction Standardization.CECS 53-1993 Standard for Maximum Alkali Content in Concrete(in Chinese)1993.
[22]孙景卫.铝盐对ASR的阻止作用及机理研究[D].唐山:河北理工大学,2008.SUN Jingwei.Effect of salt containing al on inhibiting ASR(in Chinese,dissertation).Tangshan:Institutes of Technology of Hebei,2008.
[23]卢都友,许仲梓,唐明述.不同结构构造硅质集料的碱硅酸反应模型[J].硅酸盐学报,2002(2):149-154.LU Douyou,XU Zhongzi,TANG Mingshu.J Chin Ceram Soc,2002(2):149-154.
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