椭圆螺旋微管束反应器参数优化与性能评价
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摘要
为提高储氢反应器的传热及吸放氢速率,对现有金属氢化物反应器进行了系统的综合分析与评价.基于强化传热传质特性,设计优化出了一种高效的新型椭圆螺旋微管束反应器(ESMBR),其具有结构紧凑、传热效果好、反应速度快及操作方便等特点.对研究的储氢反应器进行了建模,并通过实验验证了该模型的准确性和有效性.通过COMSOL软件对比ESMBR、圆形螺旋微管束反应器(SMBR)和直管微管束反应器(MTBR)的数值模拟结果得出,ESMBR在储氢时具有优异的传热传质性能.进一步的敏感性分析结果表明,ESMBR中椭圆螺旋管结构参数的敏感性顺序为主直径(Dc)>椭圆截面长轴(A)>椭圆截面短轴(B)>节距(Pt)>螺旋角度(α).采用多元价值取向模型对不同的反应器方案进行了系统的分析评估,结果表明:ESMBR的综合优度高达0. 845,对比结果也明显优于其他反应器,在氢能领域将有广阔的应用前景.
Storage and transportation are one of the primary restrictions on the approach involving hydrogen energy. The traditional hydrogen storage methods,including high-pressure gas cylinder and cryogenic liquid tank show unfavorable economy,thus hindering their further industrial application and development. Metal hydrides can reversibly react with hydrogen and accomplish the hydriding/dehydriding process under mild operation conditions,which feature advantages such as large hydrogen storage amount,low operation pressure and energy consumption. This process is expected to replace the conventional hydrogen storage and transportation. Meanwhile,considering the strong endothermal/exothermic effect during hydrogenation/dehydrogenation,the prompt heat removal/support inside the metal hydride reactor is a key parameter for H2 absorption/desorption rate and H2 storage efficiency. To improve the heat transfer and absorption/desorption rates of metal hydride reactor,comprehensive analysis and evaluation were conducted. Based on the heat and mass transfer intensification,a new elliptical spiral mini-tube bundle reactor(ESMBR) with high efficiency was designed and proposed; the reactor possesses numerous features,such as high heat transfer speed,compact structure,high reaction rate,and convenient operation. All the hydrogen storage reactor models were established,and both the model accuracy and effectiveness were experimentally validated. Numerical simulations of ESMBR,spiral mini-tube bundle reactor,and mini-tube bundle reactor were calculated and compared by COMSOL. ESMBR was proven to exhibit favorable heat and mass transfer performance during the H2 storage. Results of further analysis indicate that the sensitivity order of elliptical spiral structure parameters as follows: Dc> A > B > Pt > α. A multielement valued model was used to evaluate the reactor schemes systematically,and the calculation results show the integrated superiority of ESMBR could achieve a value of 0. 845. The comparison results indicate that the ESMBR presents an outstanding performance compared with other reactors and features a broad application prospect in the field of hydrogen energy.
Storage and transportation are one of the primary restrictions on the approach involving hydrogen energy. The traditional hydrogen storage methods,including high-pressure gas cylinder and cryogenic liquid tank show unfavorable economy,thus hindering their further industrial application and development. Metal hydrides can reversibly react with hydrogen and accomplish the hydriding/dehydriding process under mild operation conditions,which feature advantages such as large hydrogen storage amount,low operation pressure and energy consumption. This process is expected to replace the conventional hydrogen storage and transportation. Meanwhile,considering the strong endothermal/exothermic effect during hydrogenation/dehydrogenation,the prompt heat removal/support inside the metal hydride reactor is a key parameter for H2 absorption/desorption rate and H2 storage efficiency. To improve the heat transfer and absorption/desorption rates of metal hydride reactor,comprehensive analysis and evaluation were conducted. Based on the heat and mass transfer intensification,a new elliptical spiral mini-tube bundle reactor(ESMBR) with high efficiency was designed and proposed; the reactor possesses numerous features,such as high heat transfer speed,compact structure,high reaction rate,and convenient operation. All the hydrogen storage reactor models were established,and both the model accuracy and effectiveness were experimentally validated. Numerical simulations of ESMBR,spiral mini-tube bundle reactor,and mini-tube bundle reactor were calculated and compared by COMSOL. ESMBR was proven to exhibit favorable heat and mass transfer performance during the H2 storage. Results of further analysis indicate that the sensitivity order of elliptical spiral structure parameters as follows: Dc> A > B > Pt > α. A multielement valued model was used to evaluate the reactor schemes systematically,and the calculation results show the integrated superiority of ESMBR could achieve a value of 0. 845. The comparison results indicate that the ESMBR presents an outstanding performance compared with other reactors and features a broad application prospect in the field of hydrogen energy.
引文
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[19] Cao J,Jin B S,Zhong W Q,et al. Numerical simulation of the particle flow characteristic in cross-flow moving bed with internals. J Mech Eng,2013,49(10):144(曹俊,金保昇,钟文琪,等.带有内构件错流移动床颗粒流动特性的数值模拟.机械工程学报,2013,49(10):144)
[20] Cho C J. The economic-energy-environmental policy problem:an application of the interactive multiobjective decision method for Chungbuk province. J Environ Manage,1995,56:119
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[22] Wang Y L. Systems Engineering Theory,Methodology and Applications. Beijing:Higher Education Press,1998(汪应洛.系统工程理论、方法与应用.北京:高等教育出版社,1998)
[23] Yang L K. Chemical Reactor. 3rd Ed. Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,2012(杨雷库.化学反应器. 3版.北京:化学工业出版社,2012)
[2] Patil S D,Gopal M R. Analysis of a metal hydride reactor for hydrogen storage. Int J Hydrogen Energy,2013,38(2):942
[3] Li P,Wang T,Fan L Z,et al. Preparation and performance of Mg-4%Ni-1%Ni O hydrogen storage materials by cryomilling. J Univ Sci Technol Beijing,2011,33(7):846(李平,王腾,范丽珍,等.低温球磨制备Mg--4%Ni-1%Ni O储氢材料及其性能.北京科技大学学报,2011,33(7):846)
[4] Anevi G,Jansson L,Lewis D. Dynamics of hydride heat pumps.J Less Common Met,1984,104(2):341
[5] Zhang J W,Tian X H,Kuang C J. Mass transfer chemical reactions in tube-in-tube microchannel reactor. J Chem Eng Chin Univ,2013,27(6):952(张建文,田小花,况春江.套管式微通道反应器内传递--反应性能研究.高校化学工程学报,2013,27(6):952)
[6] Bao Z W,Wu Z,Nyamsi S N,et al. Three-dimensional modeling and sensitivity analysis of multi-tubular metal hydride reactors. Appl Therm Eng,2013,52(1):97
[7] Meng X Y,Wu Z,Bao Z W,et al. Performance simulation and experimental confirmation of a mini-channel metal hydrides reactor. Int J Hydrogen Energy,2013,38(35):15242
[8] Ma J C,Wang Y Q,Shi S F,et al. Optimization of heat transfer device and analysis of heat&mass transfer on the finned multi-tubular metal hydride tank. Int J Hydrogen Energy,2014,39(25):13583
[9] Li W,Wang Q,Yang X J,et al. Manufacturing process of spiraltube heat exchanger with small diameter and large length. Pressure Vessel Technol,2018,35(1):67(李伟,王强,杨笑瑾,等.小直径大长度螺旋管换热器制造工艺.压力容器,2018,35(1):67)
[10] Zhao X D. Spiral plate-shell heat exchanger:China Patent,CN201611017725. 7. 2017-05-31(赵晓东.螺旋板壳式换热器:中国专利,CN201611017725. 7. 2017-05-31)
[11] Wang Y Q,Ma J C,Yang F S,et al. An Elliptical Spiral Microchannel Gas-Solid Phase Reactor:China Patent,CN201310189618. 2. 2013-08-14(王玉琪,马进成,杨福胜,等.一种椭圆螺旋管式微通道气-固相反应器:中国专利,CN201310189618. 2. 2018-08-14)
[12] Li H D,Wang Y Q,He C,et al. Design and performance simulation of the spiral mini-channel reactor during H2absorption. Int J Hydrogen Energy,2015,40(39):13490
[13] Wu Z,Yang F S,Zhu L Y,et al. Improvement in hydrogen desorption performances of magnesium based metal hydride reactor by incorporating helical coil heat exchanger. Int J Hydrogen Energy,2016,41(36):16108
[14] Singh A,Maiya M P,Murthy S S. Performance of a solid state hydrogen storage device with finned tube heat exchanger. Int J Hydrogen Energy,2017,42(43):26855
[15] Ma J C,Yang F S,Wang Y Q,et al. Study on heat and mass transfer symmetry characteristic of metal hydride thermal compressor during absorption/desorption process. J Xi'an Jiaotong Univ,2013,47(9):119(马进成,杨福胜,王玉琪,等.金属氢化物热压缩机吸放氢传热传质的对称性研究.西安交通大学学报,2013,47(9):119)
[16] Chippar P,Lewis S D,Rai S,et al. Numerical investigation of hydrogen absorption in a stackable metal hydride reactor utilizing compartmentalization. Int J Hydrogen Energy,2018,43(16):8007
[17] Wu Z,Yang F S,Zhang Z X,et al. Magnesium based metal hydride reactor incorporating helical coil heat exchanger:Simulation study and optimal design. Appl Energy,2014,130:712
[18] Bao Z W,Li L,Yuan S Y. Numerical analysis and optimization of metal hydride reactors incorporating helical coils during adsorption. J Sichuan Univ Eng Sci Ed,2015,47(5):185(鲍泽威,刘亮,袁晟毅.内螺旋管金属氢化物反应器吸氢过程数值分析及优化.四川大学学报(工程科学版),2015,47(5):185)
[19] Cao J,Jin B S,Zhong W Q,et al. Numerical simulation of the particle flow characteristic in cross-flow moving bed with internals. J Mech Eng,2013,49(10):144(曹俊,金保昇,钟文琪,等.带有内构件错流移动床颗粒流动特性的数值模拟.机械工程学报,2013,49(10):144)
[20] Cho C J. The economic-energy-environmental policy problem:an application of the interactive multiobjective decision method for Chungbuk province. J Environ Manage,1995,56:119
[21] Wang Y Q,Yang F S,Zhang Z X,et al. Design and process simulation of metal hydride reactors. J Xi'an Jiaotong Univ,2006,40(7):831(王玉琪,杨福胜,张早校,等.金属氢化物反应器的设计与过程模拟.西安交通大学学报,2006,40(7):831)
[22] Wang Y L. Systems Engineering Theory,Methodology and Applications. Beijing:Higher Education Press,1998(汪应洛.系统工程理论、方法与应用.北京:高等教育出版社,1998)
[23] Yang L K. Chemical Reactor. 3rd Ed. Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,2012(杨雷库.化学反应器. 3版.北京:化学工业出版社,2012)
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