湿地生态质量气象评价——以扎龙湿地为例
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摘要
为了从生态气象角度建立湿地生态质量评价指标体系,构建湿地生态质量气象评价模型,以黑龙江省扎龙湿地为例,利用2000—2017年乌裕尔河流域气象观测数据、遥感资料、地面观测资料和社会经济发展资料,分别从压力、组分、格局和活力4个方面构建了扎龙湿地生态质量评价指标体系,实现了扎龙湿地生态质量气象评价。结果表明:2000年以来扎龙湿地生态质量总体呈上升趋势,但上升趋势不明显,其中2000年生态质量等级为差,2001年、2003年和2016年生态质量等级为中,其他年份等级为好。
Taking Zhalong Wetland as an example, we studied the meteorological evaluation of ecological quality from the view of ecological meteorology with the data of meteorology, remote sensing, ground observation and economic development in the Wuyuer River Basin from 2000 to 2017. From the four aspects of pressure, composition, pattern and vitality, the evaluation index system were constructed and the meteorological evaluation of Zhalong Wetland ecological quality was realized. The ecological quality of Zhalong Wetland was generally in an increasing trend since 2000, but the trend was not significant. The grade of ecological quality was poor in 2000, middle in 2001, 2003 and 2016, and good in other years.
Taking Zhalong Wetland as an example, we studied the meteorological evaluation of ecological quality from the view of ecological meteorology with the data of meteorology, remote sensing, ground observation and economic development in the Wuyuer River Basin from 2000 to 2017. From the four aspects of pressure, composition, pattern and vitality, the evaluation index system were constructed and the meteorological evaluation of Zhalong Wetland ecological quality was realized. The ecological quality of Zhalong Wetland was generally in an increasing trend since 2000, but the trend was not significant. The grade of ecological quality was poor in 2000, middle in 2001, 2003 and 2016, and good in other years.
引文
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[26] 郑华伟,夏梦蕾,张锐,等.基于熵值法和灰色预测模型的耕地生态安全诊断[J].水土保持通报,2016,36(3):284-289.
[27] TIAN H Q,XU X F,MIAO S L,et al.Modeling ecosystem responses to prescribed fires in a phosphorus-enriched everglades wetland:I.Phosphorus dynamics and cattail recovery[J].Ecological Modelling,2010,221(9):1252-1266.
[28] PAUSAS J G,KEELEY J E.Epicormic resprouting in fire-prone ecosystems[J].Trends in Plant Science,2017,22(12):1008-1015.
[29] 佟守正,吕宪国,苏立英,等.扎龙湿地生态系统变化过程及影响因子分析[J].湿地科学,2008,6(2):179-184.
[30] 殷志强,秦小光,刘嘉麒,等.扎龙湿地的形成背景及其生态环境意义[J].地理科学进展,2006,25(3):32-38.
[2] URAKAWA H,BERNHARD A E.Wetland management using microbial indicators[J].Ecological Engineering,2017,108:456-476.
[3] HUANG L,YIN Y Y,DU D B.Testing a participatory integrated assessment (PIA) approach to select climate change adaptation actions to enhance wetland sustainability:the case of poyang lake region in china[J].Advances in Climate Change Research,2015,6(2):141-150.
[4] 宋创业,胡慧霞,黄欢,等.黄河三角洲人工恢复芦苇湿地生态系统健康评价[J].生态学报,2016,36(9):2705-2714.
[5] BELL J L,BOYER J N,CRYSTALL S J,et al.Floristic quality as an indicator of human disturbance in forested wetlands of northern New England[J].Ecological Indicators,2017,83:227-231.
[6] CUI W,LIU S W,LIU Y,et al.Comprehensive evaluation and analysis of ecological environment quality of laoshan natural reservebased on remote sensing[C]//IOP Conference Series:Earth and Environmental Science.Washington:IOP Publishing,2016:12-61.
[7] 顾留碗,潘立新,王帅帅,等.以土地利用为基础的安徽省生态评价遥感信息模型[J].水土保持通报,2015,35(5):340-344.
[8] 周刊社,袁雷,杨志刚,等.基于遥感的珠峰地区生态质量气象评价[J].草业科学,2014,31(6):1014-1021.
[9] J?RGENSEN S E,XU F L,MARQUES J C,et al.Application of indicators for the assessment of ecosystem health[M]//J?RGENSEN S,XU L,COSTANZA R.Handbook of ecological indicators for assessment of ecosystem health.Boca Raton:CRC Press,2010:55-66.
[10] SMITH P,ASHMORE M R,BLACK H I J,et al.The role of ecosystems and their management in regulating climate,and soil,water and air quality[J].Journal of Applied Ecology,2013,50:812-829.
[11] WRIGHT B,STANFORD B,WEISS J,et al.Climate change how does weather affect surface water quality?[J].Opflow,2013,39(1):10-15.
[12] GELCA R,HAYHOE K,SCOTT F I,et al.Climate-water quality relationships in Texas reservoirs[J].Hydrological Processes,2016,30(1):12-29.
[13] TILMAN D,ISBELL F,COWLES J M.Biodiversity and ecosystem functioning [J].Annual Review of Ecology,Evolution,and Systematics,2014,45:471-493.
[14] 孟焕,王琳,张仲胜,等.气候变化对中国内陆湿地空间分布和主要生态功能的影响研究[J].湿地科学,2016,14(5):710-716.
[15] 东迎欣,秦紫东,许广军,等.扎龙湿地生态环境需水量计算与生态补水分析[J].黑龙江水专学报,2008,35(4):110-113.
[16] 任福民,翟盘茂.1951—1990年中国极端气温变化分析[J].大气科学,1998,22(2):217-227.
[17] 于成龙,刘丹.扎龙湿地土地利用/覆盖类型时空演变及其气候响应[J].生态环境学报,2018,27(11):2117-2126.
[18] 周广胜,张新时.自然植被净第一性生产力模型初探[J].植物生态学报,1995,19(3):193-200.
[19] LIETH H,WHITTAKER R H.Modeling the primary productivity of the world[J].Primary Productivity of the Biosphere,1975,4:237-263.
[20] 赵志平,吴晓莆,李果,等.青海三江源区果洛藏族自治州草地退化成因分析[J].生态学报,2013,33(20):6577-6586.
[21] 朱志辉.自然植被净第一性生产力估计模型[J].科学通报,1993,38(15):1422-1426.
[22] BAO G,BAO Y H,QIN Z H,et al.Modeling net primary productivity of terrestrial ecosystems in the semi-arid climate of the mongolian plateau using LSWI-based CASA ecosystem model[J].International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation,2016,46:84-93.
[23] YAN H,WANG S Q,BILLESBACH D,et al.Improved global simulations of gross primary product based on a new definition of water stress factor and a separate treatment of C3 and C4 plants[J].Ecological Modelling,2015,297:42-59.
[24] 席荣宾,黄鹏,赖雪梅,等.组合赋权法确定权重的方法探讨[J].中国集体经济,2010(19):75-76.
[25] 孙金辉,谢忠胜,陈欢,等.基于层次分析法的北川县环境地质承载力评价[J].水土保持通报,2018,38(4):125-128.
[26] 郑华伟,夏梦蕾,张锐,等.基于熵值法和灰色预测模型的耕地生态安全诊断[J].水土保持通报,2016,36(3):284-289.
[27] TIAN H Q,XU X F,MIAO S L,et al.Modeling ecosystem responses to prescribed fires in a phosphorus-enriched everglades wetland:I.Phosphorus dynamics and cattail recovery[J].Ecological Modelling,2010,221(9):1252-1266.
[28] PAUSAS J G,KEELEY J E.Epicormic resprouting in fire-prone ecosystems[J].Trends in Plant Science,2017,22(12):1008-1015.
[29] 佟守正,吕宪国,苏立英,等.扎龙湿地生态系统变化过程及影响因子分析[J].湿地科学,2008,6(2):179-184.
[30] 殷志强,秦小光,刘嘉麒,等.扎龙湿地的形成背景及其生态环境意义[J].地理科学进展,2006,25(3):32-38.
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