基于模糊逻辑算法的直流微电网复合储能系统功率自适应分配策略
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摘要
由于运行效率高、可靠性强等特点,直流微电网受到了广泛关注。为了保障直流微电网内部的功率平衡,配置复合储能系统是一种重要技术手段,可以发挥不同类型储能的互补优势,平抑新能源出力引起的功率波动。然而,传统的下垂控制只能实现不平衡功率按照下垂系数恒定比例分配,难以将不平衡功率按照频率特性分配给不同类型的储能系统。阻容下垂控制能够实现不平衡功率按照频率特性分配,然而其分配特性受系统线路阻抗影响较大。该文在阻容下垂控制的基础上,采用模糊逻辑算法构建了自适应下垂控制器,以消除线路电阻带来的不良影响,实现直流微电网中不平衡功率在复合储能中的合理分配。PSCAD/EMTDC平台仿真结果表明,所提的自适应阻容下垂控制能在多种工况下实现不平衡功率的分配,且具有良好的适应性和可扩展性。
DC microgrid is widely used because of its high efficiency and strong reliability. The hybrid energy storage system(HESS) in DC microgrid is developed to fully take advantage of each energy storages(ES) unit, and it can better suppress the fluctuation caused by renewable energy. The traditional droop control can achieve constant power allocation but cannot realize the unbalanced power allocation according to frequency characteristics of different ESs. Extended virtual capacitance droop control can achieve power allocation according to the frequency characteristics. However, it is easily affected by the unbalanced impedance in the system. In this paper, an adaptive droop controller was constructed based on fuzzy logic algorithm to eliminate the influence of the line resistance and can achieve desirable power allocation in HESS.The simulation results in PSCAD/EMTDC verify the effectiveness of the proposed adaptive droop controller. It has been proved that favorable power allocation can be obtained under different scenarios with good adaptability and scalability.
DC microgrid is widely used because of its high efficiency and strong reliability. The hybrid energy storage system(HESS) in DC microgrid is developed to fully take advantage of each energy storages(ES) unit, and it can better suppress the fluctuation caused by renewable energy. The traditional droop control can achieve constant power allocation but cannot realize the unbalanced power allocation according to frequency characteristics of different ESs. Extended virtual capacitance droop control can achieve power allocation according to the frequency characteristics. However, it is easily affected by the unbalanced impedance in the system. In this paper, an adaptive droop controller was constructed based on fuzzy logic algorithm to eliminate the influence of the line resistance and can achieve desirable power allocation in HESS.The simulation results in PSCAD/EMTDC verify the effectiveness of the proposed adaptive droop controller. It has been proved that favorable power allocation can be obtained under different scenarios with good adaptability and scalability.
引文
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[18]Gu Yunjie,Li Wuhua,He Xiangning.Frequencycoordinating virtual impedance for autonomous power management of DC microgrid[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2015,30(4):2328-2337.
[19]Zhang Yuru,Li Yunwei.Energy management strategy for supercapacitor in droop-controlled DC microgrid using virtual impedance[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2017,32(4):2704-2716.
[20]Xu Qianwen,Hu Xiaolei,Wang Peng,et al.Adecentralized dynamic power sharing strategy for hybrid energy storage system in autonomous DC microgrid[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2017,64(7):5930-5941.
[21]Xu Qianwen,Xiao Jianfang,Hu Xiaolei,et al.Adecentralized power management strategy for hybrid energy storage system with autonomous bus voltage restoration and state-of-charge recovery[J].IEEETransactions on Industrial Electronics,2017,64(9):7098-7108.
[22]Lin Pengfeng,Wang Peng,Xiao Jianfang,et al.An integral droop for transient power allocation and output impedance shaping of hybrid energy storage system in DCmicrogrid[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2018,33(7):6262-6277.
[2]李霞林,郭力,王成山,等.直流微电网关键技术研究综述[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(1):2-17.Li Xialin,Guo Li,Wang Chengshan,et al.Key technologies of DC microgrids:an overview[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(1):2-17(in Chinese).
[3]张文亮,丘明,来小康.储能技术在电力系统中的应用[J].电网技术,2008,32(7):1-9.Zhang Wenliang,Qiu Ming,Lai Xiaokang.Application of energy storage technologies in power grids[J].Power System Technology,2008,32(7):1-9(in Chinese).
[4]陈伟,石晶,任丽,等.微网中的多元复合储能技术[J].电力系统自动化,2010,34(1):112-115.Chen Wei,Shi Jing,Ren Li,et al.Composite usage of muti-type energy storage technologies in microgrid[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2010,34(1):112-115(in Chinese).
[5]Dougal R A,Liu S,White R E.Power and life extension of battery-ultracapacitor hybrids[J].IEEE Transactions on Components and Packaging Technologies,2002,25(1):120-131.
[6]Musolino V,Tironi E,di Milano P.A comparison of supercapacitor and high-power lithium batteries[C]//Proceedings of Electrical Systems for Aircraft,Railway and Ship Propulsion.Bologna:IEEE,2010:1-6.
[7]Srithorn P,Sumner M,Yao Liangzhong,et al.Power system stabilisation using STATCOM with supercapacitors[C]//Proceedings of 2008 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting.Edmonton:IEEE,2008:1-8.
[8]Shen Junyi,Khaligh A.A supervisory energy management control strategy in a battery/ultracapacitor hybrid energy storage system[J].IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification,2015,1(3):223-231.
[9]Wang Shu,Tang Yuejin,Shi Jing,et al.Design and advanced control strategies of a hybrid energy storage system for the grid integration of wind power generations[J].IET Renewable Power Generation,2015,9(2):89-98.
[10]Dusmez S,Khaligh A.A supervisory power-splitting approach for a new ultracapacitor:battery vehicle deploying two propulsion machines[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics,2014,10(3):1960-1971.
[11]Zhou Haihua,Bhattacharya T,Tran D,et al.Composite energy storage system involving battery and ultracapacitor with dynamic energy management in microgrid applications[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2011,26(3):923-930.
[12]Tummuru N R,Mishra M K,Srinivas S.Dynamic energy management of renewable grid integrated hybrid energy storage system[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2015,62(12):7728-7737.
[13]Anand S,Fernandes B G.Steady state performance analysis for load sharing in DC distributed generation system[C]//Proceedings of the 2011 10th International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering.Rome:IEEE,2011:1-4.
[14]Anand S,Fernandes B G,Guerrero J.Distributed control to ensure proportional load sharing and improve voltage regulation in low-voltage DC Microgrids[J].IEEETransactions on Power Electronics,2013,28(4):1900-1913.
[15]吕振宇,吴在军,窦晓波,等.基于离散一致性的孤立直流微网自适应下垂控制[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(17):4397-4407.LüZhenyu,Wu Zaijun,Dou Xiaobo,et al.An adaptive droop control for the islanded DC microgrid based on discrete consensus algorithm[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(17):4397-4407(in Chinese).
[16]Nasirian V,Davoudi A,Lewis F L,et al.Distributed adaptive droop control for DC distribution systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion,2014,29(4):944-956.
[17]Augustine S,Mishra M K,Lakshminarasamma N.Adaptive droop control strategy for load sharing and circulating current minimization in low-voltage standalone DC microgrid[J].IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy,2015,6(1):132-141.
[18]Gu Yunjie,Li Wuhua,He Xiangning.Frequencycoordinating virtual impedance for autonomous power management of DC microgrid[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2015,30(4):2328-2337.
[19]Zhang Yuru,Li Yunwei.Energy management strategy for supercapacitor in droop-controlled DC microgrid using virtual impedance[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2017,32(4):2704-2716.
[20]Xu Qianwen,Hu Xiaolei,Wang Peng,et al.Adecentralized dynamic power sharing strategy for hybrid energy storage system in autonomous DC microgrid[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2017,64(7):5930-5941.
[21]Xu Qianwen,Xiao Jianfang,Hu Xiaolei,et al.Adecentralized power management strategy for hybrid energy storage system with autonomous bus voltage restoration and state-of-charge recovery[J].IEEETransactions on Industrial Electronics,2017,64(9):7098-7108.
[22]Lin Pengfeng,Wang Peng,Xiao Jianfang,et al.An integral droop for transient power allocation and output impedance shaping of hybrid energy storage system in DCmicrogrid[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2018,33(7):6262-6277.
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