下凹式绿地对地表径流的调节作用研究
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摘要
下凹式绿地是城市低影响开发建设的手段之一,为评价下凹式绿地对城市地表径流的调节作用,通过对不同暴雨重现期下的下凹式绿地雨水渗蓄率、临界下凹深度、临界面积比例进行计算,设计研究区下凹式绿地建设方案,并对各方案的径流拦蓄效果和减峰效果进行对比分析。结果表明:当暴雨重现期为3、5和10 a时,在研究区实施两种不同下凹深度(0. 15、0. 2 m)和不同下凹式绿地率(20%～45%)的下凹式绿地建设方案,其拦蓄效果和减峰效果均能达到99. 92%以上。下凹式绿地对城市地表径流调控具有显著的调节效果。
The concave green land is one of the measures of low impact development for urban construction. To evaluate the effects of the concave green land on regulating urban surface runoff,this paper calculates the rainwater infiltration rate,critical depth of depression,critical area ratio of the concave green lands under different rainstorm periods. The construction schemes of concave green land in the study area were designed,and the runoff interception effect and peak flow reduction effect of each scheme were compared and analyzed. The results showed that when the rainstorm return period was 3,5 and 10 years,both the interception effect and the peak flow reduction effect of the two concave green space construction schemes with different concave depths( 0. 15 m,0. 2 m) and different concave green land rates( 20% ～45%) in the study area can reach more than 99. 92%. The concave green lands have significant effects on regulating urban surface runoff.
The concave green land is one of the measures of low impact development for urban construction. To evaluate the effects of the concave green land on regulating urban surface runoff,this paper calculates the rainwater infiltration rate,critical depth of depression,critical area ratio of the concave green lands under different rainstorm periods. The construction schemes of concave green land in the study area were designed,and the runoff interception effect and peak flow reduction effect of each scheme were compared and analyzed. The results showed that when the rainstorm return period was 3,5 and 10 years,both the interception effect and the peak flow reduction effect of the two concave green space construction schemes with different concave depths( 0. 15 m,0. 2 m) and different concave green land rates( 20% ～45%) in the study area can reach more than 99. 92%. The concave green lands have significant effects on regulating urban surface runoff.
引文
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[16]张晓菊,董文艺.下凹式绿地径流污染控制与径流量消减影响因素分析[J].环境科学与技术,2017,40(2):113-117.
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[21]潘忠成,袁溪,李敏,等.下凹式绿地在降雨径流控制中的应用研究[J].环境科学与管理,2015,40(10):59-62.
[22]尼玛次仁.城市绿地系统对雨水径流削减作用的实验研究[D].天津:天津大学,2010.
[23]杨金玲,张甘霖,袁大刚.南京市城市土壤水分入渗特征[J].应用生态学报,2008,19(2):363-368.
[24]张炜,车伍,李俊奇,等.图解法用于雨水渗透下凹式绿地的设计[J].中国给水排水,2008,24(20):35-39.
[25]叶水根,刘红,孟光辉.设计暴雨条件下下凹式绿地的雨水蓄渗效果[J].中国农业大学学报,2001,6(6):53-58.
[26]解刚,王向东.北京市房地产类建设项目下凹式绿地的雨水拦蓄能力及挖深研究[J].水土保持通报,2013,33(2):144-146+150.
[27]程江,杨凯,黄民生,等.下凹式绿地对城市降雨径流污染的削减效应[J].中国环境科学,2009,29(6):611-616.
[2]刘家宏,王浩,高学睿,等.城市水文学研究综述[J].科学通报,2014,59(36):3581-3590.
[3]权全,罗纨,沈冰,等.城市化土地利用对降雨径流的影响与调控[J].水土保持学报,2013,27(1):46-50.
[4]李强.低影响开发理论与方法述评[J].城市发展研究,2013,20(6):30-35.
[5] United States Environmental Protection Agency. Low impact development(LID):a literature review[M]. Washington DC:Office of Water,2000,1-75.
[6]POMEROY C A,POSTEL N A,O'NEILL P A,et al. Development of storm water management design criteria to maintain geomorphic stability in Kansas City Metropolitan Area Streams[J]. Journal of Irrigation&Drainage Engineering,2015,134(5):562-566.
[7]中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部.海绵城市建设技术指南———低影响开发雨水系统构建(试行)[S].2014.
[8] United States Environmental Protection Agency. Technical guidance on implementing the stormwater runoff requirements for federal projects under section 438 of the energy independence and security act[M]. Washington DC:Office of Water,2009:1-63.
[9]JIA Haifeng,LU Yuwen,YU S L,et al. Planning of LIDBMPs for urban runoff control:the case of Beijing olympic village[J]. Separation&Purification Technology,2012,84:112-119.
[10]王家彪,赵建世,沈子寅,等.关于海绵城市两种降雨控制模式的讨论[J].水利学报,2017,48(12):1490-1498.
[11]冯博.基于水力模型的低影响开发规划研究[J].城市规划,2016,40(3):89-94.
[12]常江,陈映杰.下凹式绿地溢流口标高及下凹深度参数研究[J].江苏建筑职业技术学院学报,2017,17(1):20-24.
[13]王建龙,车伍,易红星.基于低影响开发的城市雨洪控制与利用方法[J].中国给水排水,2009,25(14):6-9+16.
[14]朱永杰,毕华兴,常译方,等.北京地区不同设计暴雨强度下凹式绿地的减流效果[J].水土保持通报,2015,35(2):121-124.
[15]马姗姗,庄宝玉,张新波,等.绿色屋顶与下凹式绿地串联对洪峰的削减效应分析[J].中国给水排水,2014,30(3):101-105.
[16]张晓菊,董文艺.下凹式绿地径流污染控制与径流量消减影响因素分析[J].环境科学与技术,2017,40(2):113-117.
[17]裔士刚,王祥勇,康威,等.改良型下凹绿地对小区雨水径流的调蓄净化效能[J].中国给水排水,2017,33(5):134-138.
[18]王红武,毛云峰,高原,等.低影响开发(LID)的工程措施及其效果[J].环境科学与技术,2012,35(10):99-103.
[19]Field R. BMP technology in urban watersheds[M]. American:American Society of Civil Engineers,2006,1-314.
[20]李俊奇,车伍,池莲,等.住区低势绿地设计的关键参数及其影响因素分析[J].给水排水,2004,30(9):41-46.
[21]潘忠成,袁溪,李敏,等.下凹式绿地在降雨径流控制中的应用研究[J].环境科学与管理,2015,40(10):59-62.
[22]尼玛次仁.城市绿地系统对雨水径流削减作用的实验研究[D].天津:天津大学,2010.
[23]杨金玲,张甘霖,袁大刚.南京市城市土壤水分入渗特征[J].应用生态学报,2008,19(2):363-368.
[24]张炜,车伍,李俊奇,等.图解法用于雨水渗透下凹式绿地的设计[J].中国给水排水,2008,24(20):35-39.
[25]叶水根,刘红,孟光辉.设计暴雨条件下下凹式绿地的雨水蓄渗效果[J].中国农业大学学报,2001,6(6):53-58.
[26]解刚,王向东.北京市房地产类建设项目下凹式绿地的雨水拦蓄能力及挖深研究[J].水土保持通报,2013,33(2):144-146+150.
[27]程江,杨凯,黄民生,等.下凹式绿地对城市降雨径流污染的削减效应[J].中国环境科学,2009,29(6):611-616.
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