河北省和山东省黄瓜霜霉病菌对氟吡菌胺的抗性及常规药剂对黄瓜霜霉病的田间防效
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摘要
为明确黄瓜霜霉病菌Pseudoperonospora cubensis对氟吡菌胺的抗性时空动态,2011—2016年从河北省和山东省黄瓜主产区采集1 821株霜霉病菌,采用叶盘漂浮法检测供试菌株对氟吡菌胺的敏感性,并以茎叶喷雾法评估5种常规药剂对黄瓜霜霉病的田间防效。结果表明,河北省和山东省黄瓜主产区的黄瓜霜霉病菌对氟吡菌胺已普遍产生了低度抗性,平均抗性倍数为5.86;所有供试菌株的抗性频率为51.89%,其中低抗菌株及中抗菌株分别占36.18%和15.71%;平均抗性指数为0.34,每年检测的抗性频率、抗性倍数及抗性指数呈增长趋势,且随着监测区域的变化而变化。在河北省定兴县和山东省寿光市进行的田间防效试验结果显示,按推荐剂量喷施,687.5 g/L氟吡菌胺·霜霉威盐酸盐SC对黄瓜霜霉病防效显著高于常规对照药剂68%精甲霜灵·代森锰锌WG、58%甲霜灵·代森锰锌WP、80%代森锰锌WP及250 g/L嘧菌酯SC的防效,但防效明显下降,由2011年的92.58%～93.31%降至2016年的80.07%～80.82%。表明需要制定和实施抗药性治理对策,如限制山东和河北2省黄瓜的每个生长季节中687.5 g/L氟菌·霜霉威SC的使用不超过2次,而且要与不同作用机理的卵菌杀菌剂交替使用防治黄瓜霜霉病。
To clarify the temporal and spatial dynamics of the resistance Pseudoperonospora cubensis to fluopicolide in Hebei and Shandong provinces of China, the sensitivities to fluopicolide in 1 821 P.cubensis strains collected from main cucumber production areas of Hebei and Shandong provinces from2011 to 2016 were measured by leaf disc floating tests, and the control efficacies of five conventional fungicides against cucumber downy mildew were assayed by spraying stems and leaves in the fields.The results showed that P. cubensis widely developed low resistance to fluopicolide all over the main cucumber production areas of Hebei and Shandong, with an average resistance factor of 5.86. The strains with low and moderate resistance accounted for 36.18% and 15.71%, respectively; the resistance frequency to fluopicolide was 51.89%, and the average resistance index was 0.34 for all tested strains.The three indexes of P. cubensis tended to increase year by year and varied as the detected regions changed. The results of the trials of control efficacy of fungicides against the disease showed that spray of fluopicolide · propamocarb hydrochloride 687.5 g/L SC at the recommended rate gave significantly higher control against cucumber downy mildew in Hebei and Shandong than spray of mefenoxam· mancozeb 68 WG, metalaxyl·mancozeb 58 WP, mancozeb 80 WP or azoxystrobin 250 g/L SC at the recommended rates, but the control efficacy of fluopicolide · propamocarb hydrochloride 687.5 g/L SC significantly decreased from 92.58%-93.31% in 2011 to 80.07%-80.82% in 2016. The monitoring results of wide occurrence of low resistance to fluopicolide was consistent with the field trial result of obviously less effectiveness of fluopicolide · propamocarb hydrochloride 687.5 g/L SC, indicating that the strategies of resistance management to fluopicolide in P. cubensis need to be established and implemented,such as limiting the spray times of fluopicolide · propamocarb hydrochloride 687.5 g/L SC to twice within a growth season of cucumber and using fluopicolide · propamocarb hydrochloride 687.5 g/L SC in alternation with the other oomycete fungicides with different modes of action for control of cucumber downy mildew in Hebei and Shandong provinces.
To clarify the temporal and spatial dynamics of the resistance Pseudoperonospora cubensis to fluopicolide in Hebei and Shandong provinces of China, the sensitivities to fluopicolide in 1 821 P.cubensis strains collected from main cucumber production areas of Hebei and Shandong provinces from2011 to 2016 were measured by leaf disc floating tests, and the control efficacies of five conventional fungicides against cucumber downy mildew were assayed by spraying stems and leaves in the fields.The results showed that P. cubensis widely developed low resistance to fluopicolide all over the main cucumber production areas of Hebei and Shandong, with an average resistance factor of 5.86. The strains with low and moderate resistance accounted for 36.18% and 15.71%, respectively; the resistance frequency to fluopicolide was 51.89%, and the average resistance index was 0.34 for all tested strains.The three indexes of P. cubensis tended to increase year by year and varied as the detected regions changed. The results of the trials of control efficacy of fungicides against the disease showed that spray of fluopicolide · propamocarb hydrochloride 687.5 g/L SC at the recommended rate gave significantly higher control against cucumber downy mildew in Hebei and Shandong than spray of mefenoxam· mancozeb 68 WG, metalaxyl·mancozeb 58 WP, mancozeb 80 WP or azoxystrobin 250 g/L SC at the recommended rates, but the control efficacy of fluopicolide · propamocarb hydrochloride 687.5 g/L SC significantly decreased from 92.58%-93.31% in 2011 to 80.07%-80.82% in 2016. The monitoring results of wide occurrence of low resistance to fluopicolide was consistent with the field trial result of obviously less effectiveness of fluopicolide · propamocarb hydrochloride 687.5 g/L SC, indicating that the strategies of resistance management to fluopicolide in P. cubensis need to be established and implemented,such as limiting the spray times of fluopicolide · propamocarb hydrochloride 687.5 g/L SC to twice within a growth season of cucumber and using fluopicolide · propamocarb hydrochloride 687.5 g/L SC in alternation with the other oomycete fungicides with different modes of action for control of cucumber downy mildew in Hebei and Shandong provinces.
引文
Brent KJ.2012.History perspectives of fungicide resistance.//Thind TS.Fungicide resistance in crop protection:risk and management.India:CABI Publishing,pp.3-15
Brent KJ,Hollomon DW.2007.Fungicide resistance:the assessment of risk.//FRAC Monograph No.2(2nd revised edition).Belgium:Fungicide Resistance Action Committee,pp.1-52
Cooke LR,Little G.2006.Evaluation of fluopicolide-containing formulations for the control of potato late blight in northern Ireland.Pflanzenschutz-Nachrichten Bayer,59:303-316
Cui JM,Yang XJ,Zhao JJ,Wang WQ,Meng RJ,Yan L,Han XY,Ma ZQ,Zhang JL,Zhang XF.2013.Studies on baseline sensitivity to mandipropamid and biological characteristics of resistant mutants of Pseudoperonospora cubensis.Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science,15(5):496-503(in Chinese)[崔继敏,杨晓津,赵建江,王文桥,孟润杰,闫磊,韩秀英,马志强,张金林,张小风.2013.黄瓜霜霉病菌对双炔酰菌胺的敏感基线及其抗性突变体生物学性状研究.农药学学报,15(5):496-503]
Foster JM,Hausbeck MK.2010.Managing Phytophthora crown and root rot in bell pepper using fungicides and host resistance.Plant Disease,94(6):697-702
Fungicide Resistance Action Committee.2014.Pathogen risk list?.http://www.frac.info/docs/default-source/publications/pathogen-risk/pathogen-risk-list.pdf?sfvrsn=669d419a_8
Gisi U,Sierotzki H.2008.Fungicide modes of action and resistance in downy mildews.European Journal of Plant Pathology,122(1):157-167
Ishii H,Fraaije BA,Sugiyama T,Noguchi K,Nishimura K,Takeda T,Amano T,Hollomon DW.2001.Occurrence and molecular characterization of strobilurin resistance in cucumber powdery mildew and downy mildew.Phytopathology,91(12):1166-1171
Jackson KL,Yin JF,Csinos AS,Ji PS.2010.Fungicidal activity of fluopicolide for suppression of Phytophthora capsici on squash.Crop Protection,29(12):1421-1427
Lebeda A,Cohen Y.2010.Cucurbit downy mildew(Pseudoperonospora cubensis):biology,ecology,epidemiology,host-pathogen interaction and control.European Journal of Plant Pathology,129(2):157-192
Liu XY.2004.Baseline sensitivity of Pseudoperonospora cubensis and Alternaria solania to azoxystrobin and resistance risk assessment.Master Thesis.Nanjing:Nanjing Agricultural University(in Chinese)[刘晓宇.2004.黄瓜霜霉病菌和番茄早疫病菌对嘧菌酯的敏感性基线及抗药性风险评估.硕士学位论文.南京:南京农业大学]
Lu F,Wu J,Wang HJ,Meng RJ,Zhao JJ,Han XY,Ma ZQ,Wang WQ.2018.Resistance monitoring of Pseudoperonospora cubensis to dimethomorph and mandipropamid in Hebei and Shandong provinces of China.Acta Phytopathologica Sinica,48(5):666-674(in Chinese)[路粉,吴杰,王会君,孟润杰,赵建江,韩秀英,马志强,王文桥.2018.山东省和河北省黄瓜霜霉病菌对烯酰吗啉及双炔酰菌胺的抗性监测.植物病理学报,48(5):666-674]
Lu XH,Hausbeck MK,Liu XL,Hao JJ.2011.Wild type sensitivity and mutation analysis for resistance risk to fluopicolide in Phytophthora capsici.Plant Disease,95(12):1535-1541
Ma HJ,Wang WQ.2010.Occurrence of fungicide resistance and chemical control of cucumber downy mildew.Journal of Hebei Agricultural Sciences,14(8):36-41,55(in Chinese)[马辉杰,王文桥.2010.黄瓜霜霉病抗药性的发生及化学防治.河北农业科学,14(8):36-41,55]
Meng RJ,Han XY,Wu J,Zhao JJ,Lu F,Wang WQ.2017.Resistance dynamics of Pseudoperonospora cubensis to metalaxyl and azoxystrobin and control efficacy of seven fungicides against cucumber downy mildew in Hebei Province.Journal of Plant Protection,44(5):849-855(in Chinese)[孟润杰,韩秀英,吴杰,赵建江,路粉,王文桥.2017.河北省黄瓜霜霉病菌对甲霜灵和嘧菌酯的抗性动态及七种药剂的田间防效.植物保护学报,44(5):849-855]
Ojiambo PS,Paul PA,Holmes GJ.2010.A quantitative review of fungicide efficacy for managing downy mildew in cucurbits.Phytopathology,100(10):1066-1076
Reuveni M,Eyal H,Cohen Y.1980.Development of resistance to metalaxyl in Pseudoperonospora cubensis.Plant Disease,64(12):1108-1109
Savory EA,Granke LL,Quesada-Ocampo LM,Varbanova M,Hausbeck MK,Day B.2011.The cucurbit downy mildew pathogen Pseudoperonospora cubensis.Molecular Plant Pathology,12(3):217-226
Schwinn F,Sozzi D.1982.Recommended methods for the detection and measurement of resistance of plant pathogens to fungicides:method for fungicide resistance in late blight of potato-FAO method No.30.Plant Protection Bulletin,30(2):69-71
Toquin V,Barja F,Sirvan C,Gamet S,Beffa R.2006.A new mode of action for fluopicolide:modification of the cellular localization of spectrin-like protein.Pflanzenschutz Nachrichten Bayer,59:171-184
Urban J,Lebeda A.2006.Fungicide resistance in cucurbit downy mildew-methodological,biological and population aspects.Annals of Applied Biology,149(1):63-75
Urban J,Lebeda A.2007.Variation for fungicide resistance in Czech populations of Pseudoperonospora cubensis.Journal of Phytopathology,155(3):143-151
Wang WQ,Liu GR,Yan LE,Zhang XF,Ma ZQ,Han XY.2000.Studies on resistance risk to three fungicides in Plasmopara viticola and Phytophthora infestans.Acta Phytopathologica Sinica,30(1):48-52(in Chinese)[王文桥,刘国容,严乐恩,张小风,马志强,韩秀英.2000.葡萄霜霉病菌和马铃薯晚疫病菌对三种杀菌剂的抗药性风险研究.植物病理学报,30(1):48-52]
Wang WQ,Yan L,Meng RJ,Zhao JJ,Zhang X,Han XY,Ma ZQ.2014.Sensitivity to fluopicolide of wild type isolates and biological characteristics of fluopicolide-resistant mutants in Pseudoperonospora cubensis.Crop Protection,55(1):119-126
Yuan SK,Liu XL,Si NG,Dong J,Gu BG,Jiang H.2006.Sensitivity of Phytophthora infestans to flumorph:in vitro determination of baseline sensitivity and the risk of resistance.Plant Pathology,55(2):258-263
Zhang P,Wang WQ,Huang QL,Meng RJ,Liu YC.2013b.Formulation and controlling efficacy of 25%fluopicolide·pyraclostrobin WG against potato late blight in the field.China Journal of Plant Protection,39(3):89-94(in Chinese)[张鹏,王文桥,黄啟良,孟润杰,刘颖超.2013b.25%氟菌·唑醚水分散粒剂配方及其对马铃薯晚疫病的田间防效.植物保护,39(3):89-94]
Zhang P,Wang WQ,Huang QL,Meng RJ,Zhao JJ,Ma ZQ,Han XY,Zhang XF.2013a.Development of 40%fluopicolide·pyraclostrobin suspension concentrate and its controlling efficacy to potato late blight in the field.Scientia Agricultura Sinica,46(15):3142-3150(in Chinese)[张鹏,王文桥,黄啟良,孟润杰,赵建江,马志强,韩秀英,张小风.2013a.40%氟菌·唑醚悬浮剂的研制及其对马铃薯晚疫病的田间防治效果.中国农业科学,46(15):3142-3145]
Zhao XJ,Ren L,Yin H,Zhou JB,Han JC,Luo Y.2013.Sensitivity of Pseudoperonospora cubensis to dimethomorph,metalaxyl and fosetyl-aluminium in Shanxi of China.Crop Protection,43(1):38-44
Brent KJ,Hollomon DW.2007.Fungicide resistance:the assessment of risk.//FRAC Monograph No.2(2nd revised edition).Belgium:Fungicide Resistance Action Committee,pp.1-52
Cooke LR,Little G.2006.Evaluation of fluopicolide-containing formulations for the control of potato late blight in northern Ireland.Pflanzenschutz-Nachrichten Bayer,59:303-316
Cui JM,Yang XJ,Zhao JJ,Wang WQ,Meng RJ,Yan L,Han XY,Ma ZQ,Zhang JL,Zhang XF.2013.Studies on baseline sensitivity to mandipropamid and biological characteristics of resistant mutants of Pseudoperonospora cubensis.Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science,15(5):496-503(in Chinese)[崔继敏,杨晓津,赵建江,王文桥,孟润杰,闫磊,韩秀英,马志强,张金林,张小风.2013.黄瓜霜霉病菌对双炔酰菌胺的敏感基线及其抗性突变体生物学性状研究.农药学学报,15(5):496-503]
Foster JM,Hausbeck MK.2010.Managing Phytophthora crown and root rot in bell pepper using fungicides and host resistance.Plant Disease,94(6):697-702
Fungicide Resistance Action Committee.2014.Pathogen risk list?.http://www.frac.info/docs/default-source/publications/pathogen-risk/pathogen-risk-list.pdf?sfvrsn=669d419a_8
Gisi U,Sierotzki H.2008.Fungicide modes of action and resistance in downy mildews.European Journal of Plant Pathology,122(1):157-167
Ishii H,Fraaije BA,Sugiyama T,Noguchi K,Nishimura K,Takeda T,Amano T,Hollomon DW.2001.Occurrence and molecular characterization of strobilurin resistance in cucumber powdery mildew and downy mildew.Phytopathology,91(12):1166-1171
Jackson KL,Yin JF,Csinos AS,Ji PS.2010.Fungicidal activity of fluopicolide for suppression of Phytophthora capsici on squash.Crop Protection,29(12):1421-1427
Lebeda A,Cohen Y.2010.Cucurbit downy mildew(Pseudoperonospora cubensis):biology,ecology,epidemiology,host-pathogen interaction and control.European Journal of Plant Pathology,129(2):157-192
Liu XY.2004.Baseline sensitivity of Pseudoperonospora cubensis and Alternaria solania to azoxystrobin and resistance risk assessment.Master Thesis.Nanjing:Nanjing Agricultural University(in Chinese)[刘晓宇.2004.黄瓜霜霉病菌和番茄早疫病菌对嘧菌酯的敏感性基线及抗药性风险评估.硕士学位论文.南京:南京农业大学]
Lu F,Wu J,Wang HJ,Meng RJ,Zhao JJ,Han XY,Ma ZQ,Wang WQ.2018.Resistance monitoring of Pseudoperonospora cubensis to dimethomorph and mandipropamid in Hebei and Shandong provinces of China.Acta Phytopathologica Sinica,48(5):666-674(in Chinese)[路粉,吴杰,王会君,孟润杰,赵建江,韩秀英,马志强,王文桥.2018.山东省和河北省黄瓜霜霉病菌对烯酰吗啉及双炔酰菌胺的抗性监测.植物病理学报,48(5):666-674]
Lu XH,Hausbeck MK,Liu XL,Hao JJ.2011.Wild type sensitivity and mutation analysis for resistance risk to fluopicolide in Phytophthora capsici.Plant Disease,95(12):1535-1541
Ma HJ,Wang WQ.2010.Occurrence of fungicide resistance and chemical control of cucumber downy mildew.Journal of Hebei Agricultural Sciences,14(8):36-41,55(in Chinese)[马辉杰,王文桥.2010.黄瓜霜霉病抗药性的发生及化学防治.河北农业科学,14(8):36-41,55]
Meng RJ,Han XY,Wu J,Zhao JJ,Lu F,Wang WQ.2017.Resistance dynamics of Pseudoperonospora cubensis to metalaxyl and azoxystrobin and control efficacy of seven fungicides against cucumber downy mildew in Hebei Province.Journal of Plant Protection,44(5):849-855(in Chinese)[孟润杰,韩秀英,吴杰,赵建江,路粉,王文桥.2017.河北省黄瓜霜霉病菌对甲霜灵和嘧菌酯的抗性动态及七种药剂的田间防效.植物保护学报,44(5):849-855]
Ojiambo PS,Paul PA,Holmes GJ.2010.A quantitative review of fungicide efficacy for managing downy mildew in cucurbits.Phytopathology,100(10):1066-1076
Reuveni M,Eyal H,Cohen Y.1980.Development of resistance to metalaxyl in Pseudoperonospora cubensis.Plant Disease,64(12):1108-1109
Savory EA,Granke LL,Quesada-Ocampo LM,Varbanova M,Hausbeck MK,Day B.2011.The cucurbit downy mildew pathogen Pseudoperonospora cubensis.Molecular Plant Pathology,12(3):217-226
Schwinn F,Sozzi D.1982.Recommended methods for the detection and measurement of resistance of plant pathogens to fungicides:method for fungicide resistance in late blight of potato-FAO method No.30.Plant Protection Bulletin,30(2):69-71
Toquin V,Barja F,Sirvan C,Gamet S,Beffa R.2006.A new mode of action for fluopicolide:modification of the cellular localization of spectrin-like protein.Pflanzenschutz Nachrichten Bayer,59:171-184
Urban J,Lebeda A.2006.Fungicide resistance in cucurbit downy mildew-methodological,biological and population aspects.Annals of Applied Biology,149(1):63-75
Urban J,Lebeda A.2007.Variation for fungicide resistance in Czech populations of Pseudoperonospora cubensis.Journal of Phytopathology,155(3):143-151
Wang WQ,Liu GR,Yan LE,Zhang XF,Ma ZQ,Han XY.2000.Studies on resistance risk to three fungicides in Plasmopara viticola and Phytophthora infestans.Acta Phytopathologica Sinica,30(1):48-52(in Chinese)[王文桥,刘国容,严乐恩,张小风,马志强,韩秀英.2000.葡萄霜霉病菌和马铃薯晚疫病菌对三种杀菌剂的抗药性风险研究.植物病理学报,30(1):48-52]
Wang WQ,Yan L,Meng RJ,Zhao JJ,Zhang X,Han XY,Ma ZQ.2014.Sensitivity to fluopicolide of wild type isolates and biological characteristics of fluopicolide-resistant mutants in Pseudoperonospora cubensis.Crop Protection,55(1):119-126
Yuan SK,Liu XL,Si NG,Dong J,Gu BG,Jiang H.2006.Sensitivity of Phytophthora infestans to flumorph:in vitro determination of baseline sensitivity and the risk of resistance.Plant Pathology,55(2):258-263
Zhang P,Wang WQ,Huang QL,Meng RJ,Liu YC.2013b.Formulation and controlling efficacy of 25%fluopicolide·pyraclostrobin WG against potato late blight in the field.China Journal of Plant Protection,39(3):89-94(in Chinese)[张鹏,王文桥,黄啟良,孟润杰,刘颖超.2013b.25%氟菌·唑醚水分散粒剂配方及其对马铃薯晚疫病的田间防效.植物保护,39(3):89-94]
Zhang P,Wang WQ,Huang QL,Meng RJ,Zhao JJ,Ma ZQ,Han XY,Zhang XF.2013a.Development of 40%fluopicolide·pyraclostrobin suspension concentrate and its controlling efficacy to potato late blight in the field.Scientia Agricultura Sinica,46(15):3142-3150(in Chinese)[张鹏,王文桥,黄啟良,孟润杰,赵建江,马志强,韩秀英,张小风.2013a.40%氟菌·唑醚悬浮剂的研制及其对马铃薯晚疫病的田间防治效果.中国农业科学,46(15):3142-3145]
Zhao XJ,Ren L,Yin H,Zhou JB,Han JC,Luo Y.2013.Sensitivity of Pseudoperonospora cubensis to dimethomorph,metalaxyl and fosetyl-aluminium in Shanxi of China.Crop Protection,43(1):38-44
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