杨小舟蛾产卵行为对2种黑杨派无性系叶片的营养物质及抗性物质的影响
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摘要
[目的]以2种黑杨派无性系为研究对象,观察杨小舟蛾产卵后产卵植株和邻近植株对幼虫生长的影响并测定各处理叶片营养物质和次生代谢物质的含量变化,探讨2种黑杨派无性系在杨小舟蛾产卵后是否产生诱导抗性。[方法]杨小舟蛾在欧美杨108号(108杨)和欧美杨111号(111杨)产卵后,观察幼虫取食产卵植株、邻近植株和对照植株叶片的存活状况,再分别测定3种处理叶片的可溶性糖、全N、游离氨基酸、单宁和总酚5个指标的含量变化,研究2种黑杨派无性系诱导抗性的产生情况。[结果]取食2种黑杨派无性系3种处理叶片的幼虫存活率均差异不显著。108杨的产卵植株和邻近植株的可溶性总糖含量均显著低于对照;111杨的产卵植株和邻近植株的二糖和全N含量均显著低于对照植株,且产卵植株的游离氨基酸含量显著低于对照,同时,108杨邻近植株的游离氨基酸总量显著高于产卵植株和对照; 111杨的产卵和邻近植株的总糖/全N值都显著高于对照。108杨产卵植株的单宁和总酚含量都显著高于对照,而邻近植株的二者含量与对照差异不显著。111杨产卵植株的单宁和总酚含量都显著高于对照;同时邻近植株的单宁含量显著高于对照,而总酚含量与对照差异不显著。[结论]杨小舟蛾产卵使2种黑杨派无性系的产卵植株和邻近植株的营养物质含量都发生改变并且次生代谢物质含量不同程度增加。所以,2种黑杨派无性系的产卵和邻近植株都产生了一定的诱导抗虫性。
[Objective] To study the induced resistance of two clones of Populus section Aigeiros after oviposition of Micromelalopha sieversi(Staudinger) through observing the effects of the oviposited and neighboring plants on the growth of the larvae and measuring the contents of nutrients and secondary metabolites. [Method] The survival of larvae feeding on the oviposited, neighboring and controlled leaves of Populus × euramericana ‘Guariento' and P. ×euramericana ‘Bellotto'was observed, then the contents of soluble sugar, total nitrogen, free amino acid, tannin and total phenol in the leaves of three treatments were measured to study the induced resistance of the two clones after oviposition of M.sieversi. [Result] There was no significant difference inthe survival rate of larval among the three treatments.The content of total soluble sugar in the oviposited and neighboring plants of P.× euramericana. ‘Guariento' was significantly lower than that of the control plants. The content of disaccharide and total nitrogen in the oviposited and neighboring plants of P. ×euramericana. ‘Bellotto' was significantly lower than that of the control plants, and the content of free amino acids in the oviposited plants was significantly lower than that of the control plants.At the same time, the total amount of free amino acids in the neighboring plants of P.× euramericana. ‘Guariento' was significantly higher than that of the oviposited and the control plants. The ratio of total sugar to total nitrogen in the oviposited and neighboring plants of P. ×euramericana. ‘Bellotto' were significantly higher than those of the control plants. The contents of tannin and total phenol in the oviposited plants of P.× euramericana. ‘Guariento' were significantly higher than that of the control plants, while there was no significant difference between the neighboring plants and the control plants. The contents of tannin and total phenol in the oviposited plants of P. ×euramericana. ‘Bellotto' was significantly higher than that in the control plants, and the content of tannin in the neighboring plants was significantly higher than that of the control plants. [Conclusion] The content of nutrients in the oviposited and neighboring plants of the two clones changed and the content of secondary metabolites increased at different degrees.Therefore, both the oviposited and neighboring plants of the two clones can produce certain induced insect resistance after oviposition of M.sieversi.
[Objective] To study the induced resistance of two clones of Populus section Aigeiros after oviposition of Micromelalopha sieversi(Staudinger) through observing the effects of the oviposited and neighboring plants on the growth of the larvae and measuring the contents of nutrients and secondary metabolites. [Method] The survival of larvae feeding on the oviposited, neighboring and controlled leaves of Populus × euramericana ‘Guariento' and P. ×euramericana ‘Bellotto'was observed, then the contents of soluble sugar, total nitrogen, free amino acid, tannin and total phenol in the leaves of three treatments were measured to study the induced resistance of the two clones after oviposition of M.sieversi. [Result] There was no significant difference inthe survival rate of larval among the three treatments.The content of total soluble sugar in the oviposited and neighboring plants of P.× euramericana. ‘Guariento' was significantly lower than that of the control plants. The content of disaccharide and total nitrogen in the oviposited and neighboring plants of P. ×euramericana. ‘Bellotto' was significantly lower than that of the control plants, and the content of free amino acids in the oviposited plants was significantly lower than that of the control plants.At the same time, the total amount of free amino acids in the neighboring plants of P.× euramericana. ‘Guariento' was significantly higher than that of the oviposited and the control plants. The ratio of total sugar to total nitrogen in the oviposited and neighboring plants of P. ×euramericana. ‘Bellotto' were significantly higher than those of the control plants. The contents of tannin and total phenol in the oviposited plants of P.× euramericana. ‘Guariento' were significantly higher than that of the control plants, while there was no significant difference between the neighboring plants and the control plants. The contents of tannin and total phenol in the oviposited plants of P. ×euramericana. ‘Bellotto' was significantly higher than that in the control plants, and the content of tannin in the neighboring plants was significantly higher than that of the control plants. [Conclusion] The content of nutrients in the oviposited and neighboring plants of the two clones changed and the content of secondary metabolites increased at different degrees.Therefore, both the oviposited and neighboring plants of the two clones can produce certain induced insect resistance after oviposition of M.sieversi.
引文
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[3] Kogan M,Paxton J.Natural inducers of plant resistance to insects[M].Washington:American Chemical Society,1983:153-172.
[4] Bryant J P,Reichardt P B,Clausen T P,et al.Effects of mineral nutrition on delayed inducible resistance in Alaska Paper Birch[J].Ecology,1993,74(7):2072-2084.
[5] 孙兴华,周晓榕,庞保平,等.南美斑潜蝇为害对黄瓜体内主要营养物质、次生代谢物质及叶绿素含量的影响[J].昆虫学报,2012,55(10):1178-1184.
[6] 李水清,张钟宁.松墨天牛取食和人为损伤对马尾松针叶部分化学物质含量的影响[J].昆虫学报,2007,50(2):95-100.
[7] 高勇,门兴元,于毅,等.绿盲蝽危害对枣树叶片生化指标的影响[J].生态学报,2012,32(17):5330-5336.
[8] 曾任森,苏贻娟,叶茂,等.植物的诱导抗性及生化机理[J].华南农业大学学报,2008,29(2):1-6.
[9] 李传明,何菁,顾爱祥,等.烟粉虱取食对不同抗虫性辣椒品种营养物质和抗性物质的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2017,25(10):1456-1462.
[10] Hilker M,Fatouros N E.Resisting the onset of herbivore attack:plants perceive and respond to insect eggs[J].Current Opinion in Plant Biology,2016,32:9-16.
[11] Doss R P,Oliver J E,Proebsting W M,et al.Bruchins:insect-derived plant regulators that stimulate neoplasm formation[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2000,97(11):6218-6223.
[12] Hilker M,Meiners T.Induction of plant responses to oviposition and feeding by herbivorous arthropods:a comparison[J].Entomologia Experimentalis Et Applicata,2002,104(1):181-192.
[13] Hilker M,Meiners T.Plants and insect eggs:How do they affect each other?[J].Phytohemistry,2011,72(13):1612-1623.
[14] Blaakmeer A,Hagenbeek D,Beek T A V,et al.Plant response to eggs vs.Host marking pheromone as factors inhibiting oviposition by Pieris brassicae[J].Journal of Chemical Ecology,1994,20(7):1657-1665.
[15] Wegener R,Schulz S,Meiners T,et al.Analysis of volatiles induced by oviposition of elm leaf beetle Xanthogaleruca luteola on Ulmus minor[J].Journal of Chemical Ecology,2001,27(3):499-515.
[16] Mumm R,Kai S,Wegener R,et al.Chemical analysis of volatiles emitted by Pinus sylvestris after induction by insect oviposition[J].Journal of Chemical Ecology,2003,29(5):1235-1252.
[17] Colazza S,Mcelfresh J S,Millar J G.Identification of volatile synomones,induced by Nezara viridula feeding and oviposition on bean spp.,that attract the egg parasitoid Trissolcus basalis[J].Journal of Chemical Ecology,2004,30(5):945-964.
[18] Meiners T,Hacker N K,Anderson P,et al.Response of the elm leaf beetle to host plants induced by oviposition and feeding:the infestation rate matters[J].Entomologia Experimentalis Et Applicata,2005,115(1):171-177.
[19] Hilker M,Kobs C,Varama M,et al.Insect egg deposition induces Pinus sylvestris to attract egg parasitoids[J].Journal of Experimental Biology,2002,205(4):455-461.
[20] Meiners T,Hilker M.Induction of plant synomones by oviposition of a phytophagous insect[J].Journal of Chemical Ecology,2000,26(1):221-232.
[21] Colazza S,Fucarino A,Peri E,et al.Insect oviposition induces volatile emission in herbaceous plants that attracts egg parasitoids[J].Journal of Experimental Biology,2004,207(1):47-53.
[22] Hilker M,Meiners T.Early herbivore alert:insect eggs induce plant defense[J].Journal of Chemical Ecology,2006,32(7):1379-1397.
[23] 范立鹏,张真,刘艳侠,等.杨小舟蛾羽化节律及羽化率影响因子分析[J].林业科学研究,2014,27(1):53-58.
[24] 范立鹏,王军辉,于占晶,等.杨小舟蛾成虫对5种黑杨无性系的寄主选择行为[J].林业科学研究,2014,27(4):459-465.
[25] 郝学宁.水果饮料中可溶性糖的测定[J].青海农林科技,1990(1):54-56.
[26] 章平泉,金殿明,杜秀敏,等.自动凯氏定氮仪测定烟草及其制品中的总氮[J].烟草科技,2011,46(3):47-49.
[27] 何轶,陈亚飞,朱延萍,等.高效液相色谱法测定板蓝根中主要游离氨基酸的含量[J].药物分析杂志,2005(3):274-277.
[28] 刘慧文.分光光度法快速测定核桃仁中总单宁含量[J].现代仪器与医疗,2010(6):35-36.
[29] 张毛莉,罗仓学.石榴皮中总酚含量测定方法的比较[J].食品工业科技,2011(5):383-384.
[30] González J A,Roldán A,Gallardo M,et al.Quantitative determinations of chemical compounds with nutritional value from inca crops:Chenopodium quinoa (‘quinoa’)[J].Plant Foods for Human Nutrition,1989,39(4):331-337.
[31] 韩宪琪,李雪娇,冯淑娟,等.小麦籽粒营养物质和次生物质含量与其对玉米象抗性的关系[J].植物保护学报,2017,44(5):721-728.
[32] 王丽丽,栾炳辉,刘学卿,等.葡萄叶片中营养物质和叶绿素含量与其对绿盲蝽抗性的关系[J].昆虫学报,2017,60(5):570-575.
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