体外产气法评价青海地区油菜秸与5种作物秸秆组合效应
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摘要
本研究旨在采用体外产气法评价青海地区油菜秸分别与小麦秸、蚕豆秸、豌豆秸、马铃薯秸和青贮玉米秸组合的产气发酵特性,以加快该地区作物秸秆类粗饲料的科学利用。试验采集青海省西宁市周边农牧交错区的油菜秸、小麦秸、蚕豆秸、豌豆秸、马铃薯秸等作物秸秆,以牦牛为瘤胃液供体动物,进行油菜秸分别与5种作物秸秆组合的体外产气试验。结果表明:油菜秸秆与其他五种作物秸秆以不同比例搭配组合后,可产生不同程度的正负组合效应,且油菜秸分别与小麦秸、豌豆秸以50∶50比例组合较为合适,与马铃薯秸、青贮玉米秸以25∶75比例组合较为合适,与蚕豆秸以75∶25比例组合较为合适。通过作物秸秆类粗饲料间营养组合互补能有效提高牦牛对单一作物秸秆的体外消化率,为该地区农牧交错带牦牛冷季补饲的粗饲料合理利用提供科学指导。
This study was to evaluate the nutritional fermentation characteristics of rapeseed straw combining with wheat straw, broad bean straw, pea straw, potato straw and silage corn straw in Qinghai region by using in vitro gas production technique respectively for accelerating the scientific use of crop straw roughage. The rapeseed straw, wheat straw, broad bean straw, pea straw, potato straw were collected in the farming-pastoral ecotone of Xining City, Qinghai Province. Yak was used as rumen fluid donor, in vitro gas production test of rape straw combined five kinds of straws was implemented respectively. The results showed that the combination of rapeseed straw and other five crop straws in different proportions had different positive and negative combination effects. The combination effects were better under the ratio of 50∶50 of rape straw combined with wheat straw and pea straw respectively, with potato straw and silage corn straw by 25∶75 respectively, and with broad bean straw by 75∶25. It is concluded that the digestibility of yak was effectively improved by nutrients balance from crop straws combined contrast to single crop straw. It provide theoretical guide for scientific utilization of crop straw roughage in Qinghai region.
This study was to evaluate the nutritional fermentation characteristics of rapeseed straw combining with wheat straw, broad bean straw, pea straw, potato straw and silage corn straw in Qinghai region by using in vitro gas production technique respectively for accelerating the scientific use of crop straw roughage. The rapeseed straw, wheat straw, broad bean straw, pea straw, potato straw were collected in the farming-pastoral ecotone of Xining City, Qinghai Province. Yak was used as rumen fluid donor, in vitro gas production test of rape straw combined five kinds of straws was implemented respectively. The results showed that the combination of rapeseed straw and other five crop straws in different proportions had different positive and negative combination effects. The combination effects were better under the ratio of 50∶50 of rape straw combined with wheat straw and pea straw respectively, with potato straw and silage corn straw by 25∶75 respectively, and with broad bean straw by 75∶25. It is concluded that the digestibility of yak was effectively improved by nutrients balance from crop straws combined contrast to single crop straw. It provide theoretical guide for scientific utilization of crop straw roughage in Qinghai region.
引文
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[4]李妍,韩肖敏,李建国,等.体外法评价玉米秸秆、谷草和玉米秸秆青贮饲料组合效应研究[J].草业学报,2017,26(05)∶213-223.
[5]张志军,高丽,苏玲玲,等.棉花秸秆与苜蓿干草之间组合效应的研究[J].草食家畜,2017(03)∶24-29.
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[12]孟梅娟,涂远璐,自云峰,等.小麦秸杆与米糠粕瘤胃体外发酵组合效应研究.草业学报,2016,25(9)∶161-172.
[13]Khazaal K,Markantonatos X,Nastis A,et al.Changes with maturity in fibre composition and levels of extractable polyphenolsin Greek browse;Effects on in vitro gas production and in sacco dry matter degradation[J].Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture,1993(63);237-244.
[14]庄二林,王慧娟,田秀娥,等.尼龙袋法评定首楷和谷草的组合效应评估.草业学报,2018,27(5):201-209.
[15]拜彬强,郝力壮,刘书杰,等.不同物候期天然牧草与油菜籽组合发酵特性研究[J].家畜生态学报,2016,37(02)∶45-52.
[16]张志勇.秸秆饲料在反刍动物中的应用现状[J].饲料与畜牧,2018(06)∶59-62.
[17]周传社,汤少勋,姜海林,等.农作物秸秆体外发酵营养特性及其组合利用研究[J].应用生态学报,2005(10)∶1862-1867.
[18]刘桂要,杨云贵,曹社会,等.玉米秸秆和4种玉米青贮饲料的营养差异性分析[J].西北农林科技大学·自然科学版,2009,37(4)∶76-80.
[19]王彤佳,刘园园,黄忠勇,等.氨化、青贮秸秆饲料体外消化率比较[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2009,11∶59-60.
[20]Liu J X,Susenbeth A,Sudekum K H.In vitro gas production measurements to evaluate interactions between untreated and chemically treated rice straws,grass hay,and mulberry leaves[J].Journal of Animal Science,2002,80 ∶ 517-524.
[2]韩肖敏,李建国,李秋凤,等.体外法评价玉米秸秆、小麦秸秆与玉米秸秆青贮的组合效应[J].家畜生态学报,2017,38(07)∶44-49.
[3]杨建中,郭同军,高丽,等.体外产气法对苜蓿干草与小麦秸秆间组合效应的研究[J].新疆畜牧业,2017(06)∶20-22.
[4]李妍,韩肖敏,李建国,等.体外法评价玉米秸秆、谷草和玉米秸秆青贮饲料组合效应研究[J].草业学报,2017,26(05)∶213-223.
[5]张志军,高丽,苏玲玲,等.棉花秸秆与苜蓿干草之间组合效应的研究[J].草食家畜,2017(03)∶24-29.
[6]庄二林.苜蓿与谷草组合效应的评定研究[D].西北农林科技大学,2017.
[7]涂远璐,孟梅娟,白云峰,等.南方农区小麦秸秆与非常规饲料的组合利用[J].江苏农业学报,2017,33(01)∶166-173.
[8]韩肖敏,曹玉凤,李秋凤,等.用体外产气法评价玉米秸秆、稻草、玉米秸秆青贮与精料的组合效应[J].动物营养学报,2017,29(02)∶699-711.
[9]Prasad C.S.,Wood C.D.,Sampath K.T.Use of in vitro gas production to evaluate rumen fermentation of untreated and urea-treated finger millet straw ( Eleusine coracana) supplemented with different levels of concentrate[J].Journal Science of Food and Agriculture,1994,65 ∶457-464.
[10] Nsahlai I V ,Siaw D E K A ,Osuji P O.The relationship s between gas production and chemical composition of 23 browses of the Genus sesbania[J ].Journal Science of Food and Agriculture,1994 ,65 ∶13-20.
[11] 黄雅莉,邹彩霞,韦升菊,等.体外产气法研究半胱胺对水牛瘤胃发酵参数和甲烷产量的影响[J].动物营养学报,2014,26(1)∶125-133.
[12]孟梅娟,涂远璐,自云峰,等.小麦秸杆与米糠粕瘤胃体外发酵组合效应研究.草业学报,2016,25(9)∶161-172.
[13]Khazaal K,Markantonatos X,Nastis A,et al.Changes with maturity in fibre composition and levels of extractable polyphenolsin Greek browse;Effects on in vitro gas production and in sacco dry matter degradation[J].Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture,1993(63);237-244.
[14]庄二林,王慧娟,田秀娥,等.尼龙袋法评定首楷和谷草的组合效应评估.草业学报,2018,27(5):201-209.
[15]拜彬强,郝力壮,刘书杰,等.不同物候期天然牧草与油菜籽组合发酵特性研究[J].家畜生态学报,2016,37(02)∶45-52.
[16]张志勇.秸秆饲料在反刍动物中的应用现状[J].饲料与畜牧,2018(06)∶59-62.
[17]周传社,汤少勋,姜海林,等.农作物秸秆体外发酵营养特性及其组合利用研究[J].应用生态学报,2005(10)∶1862-1867.
[18]刘桂要,杨云贵,曹社会,等.玉米秸秆和4种玉米青贮饲料的营养差异性分析[J].西北农林科技大学·自然科学版,2009,37(4)∶76-80.
[19]王彤佳,刘园园,黄忠勇,等.氨化、青贮秸秆饲料体外消化率比较[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2009,11∶59-60.
[20]Liu J X,Susenbeth A,Sudekum K H.In vitro gas production measurements to evaluate interactions between untreated and chemically treated rice straws,grass hay,and mulberry leaves[J].Journal of Animal Science,2002,80 ∶ 517-524.
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