人参叶多糖对1～28日龄粤黄鸡免疫性能的影响
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摘要
本试验旨在研究人参叶多糖对1～28日龄粤黄鸡免疫性能的影响。试验选取600只1日龄粤黄鸡母鸡,随机分成5个组,每组8个重复,每个重复15只鸡。A组为空白对照组,饲喂基础饲粮; B组为阳性对照组,黄芪多糖添加量为0.020%; C、D、E组为人参叶多糖组,人参叶多糖添加量分别为0.005%、0.010%、0.020%,多糖均采用饮水添加饲喂。试验期为28 d。结果表明:1) 14日龄时,E组胸腺指数显著高于A组(P<0.05)。14日龄时,D组脾脏指数显著高于A组(P<0.05); 28日龄时,B组脾脏指数显著高于A组(P<0.05)。14日龄时,E组法氏囊指数显著高于其他各组(P<0.05); 28日龄时,B组法氏囊指数显著高于A组(P<0.05)。2)人参叶多糖组与A组的血清总蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白、肌酐、尿素氮含量及谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶活性均无显著差异(P>0.05)。3) 21日龄时,B、C、D、E组血清中白细胞介素-2(IL-2)含量显著高于A组(P<0.05); 28日龄时,D、E组血清中IL-2含量显著高于A组(P<0.05)。14日龄时,C、D、E组血清中白细胞介素-12(IL-12)含量显著高于A组(P<0.05); 21日龄时,A组血清中IL-12含量显著高于其他各组(P<0.05); 28日龄时,E组血清中IL-12含量显著低于A组(P<0.05)。14日龄时,C、E组血清中肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)含量显著高于A组(P<0.05); 21日龄时,D组血清中TNF-α含量显著高于A组(P<0.05); 28日龄时,B、C、D、E组血清中TNF-α含量显著高于A组(P<0.05)。14日龄时,C、D、E组血清中γ-干扰素(IFN-γ)含量显著高于A、B组(P<0.05); 21日龄时,C组血清中IFN-γ含量显著低于其他各组(P <0.05); 28日龄时,D、E组血清中IFN-γ含量显著高于其他各组(P<0.05)。14日龄时,D组血清中自然杀伤(NK)细胞含量显著高于其他各组(P<0.05); 28日龄时,E组血清中NK细胞含量显著高于其他各组(P<0.05)。综上所述,人参叶多糖能通过提高粤黄鸡的免疫器官指数和血清中IL-2、IL-12、TNF-α、IFN-γ、NK细胞的含量来提升粤黄鸡的免疫性能。
This experiment was conducted to study the effects of ginseng leaf polysaccharide on immune performance of Yuehuang chickens during 1 to 28 days of age. A total of 600 one-day-old Yuehuang chickens( hens) were randomly divided into 5 groups with 8 replicates per group and 15 chickens per replicate. Chickens in the group A( blank control group) were fed a basal diet,chickens in the group B( positive control group) were supplemented with 0.020% Astragalus polysaccharide,and others in groups C,D and E( ginseng leaf polysaccharide groups) were supplemented with 0.005%,0.010%,0.020% ginseng leaf polysaccharide,respectively. Polysaccharides were was added into drinking water. The experiment lasted for 28 days. The results showed as follows: 1) on 14 days of age,the thymus index of group E was significantly higher than that of group A( P<0.05). On 14 days of age,the spleen index of group D was significantly higher than that of group A( P<0.05); on 28 days of age,the spleen index of group B was significantly higher than that of group A( P<0.05). On 14 days of age,the bursa of Fabricius index of group E was significantly higher than that of other groups( P<0.05); on 28 days of age,the bursa of Fabricius index of group B was significantly higher than that of group A( P<0.05). 2) There were no significant differences in total protein,albumin,globulin creatinine,urea nitrogen contents and aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase activities in serum between ginseng leaf polysaccharide groups and group A( P> 0. 05). 3) On 21 days of age,the serum interleukin-2( IL-2) content of groups B,C,D and E was significantly higher than that of group A( P<0.05); on 28 days of age,the serum IL-2 content of groups D and E was significantly higher than that of group A( P<0.05). On14 days of age,the serum interleukin-12( IL-12) content of groups C,D and E was significantly higher than that of group A( P<0.05); on 21 days of age,the serum IL-12 content of group A was significantly higher than that of other groups( P<0.05); on 28 days of age,the serum IL-12 content of group E was significantly lower than that of group A( P<0.05). On 14 days of age,the serum tumor necrosis factor-α( TNF-α) content of groups C and E was significantly higher than that of group A( P<0.05); on 21 days of age,the serum TNF-α content of group D was significantly higher than that of group A( P<0.05); on 28 days of age,the serum TNF-α content of groups B,C,D and E was significantly higher than that of group A( P<0.05). On 14 days of age,the serum γ-interferon( IFN-γ) content of groups C,D and E was significantly higher than that of groups A and B( P<0.05); on 21 days of age,the serum IFN-γ content of group C was significantly lower than that of other groups( P<0.05); on 28 days of age,the serum IFN-γ content of groups D and E was significantly higher than that of other groups( P<0.05). On 14 days of age,the serum natural killer( NK) cellcontent of group D was significantly higher than that of other groups( P<0.05); on 28 days of age,the serum NK cell content of group E was significantly higher than that of other groups( P<0.05). In summary,ginseng leaf polysaccharide can enhance the immune performance of Yuehuang chickens by increasing their immune organ index and the contents of IL-2,IL-12,TNF-α,IFN-γ and NK cells in serum.[Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2019,31( 5) : 2330-2339]
This experiment was conducted to study the effects of ginseng leaf polysaccharide on immune performance of Yuehuang chickens during 1 to 28 days of age. A total of 600 one-day-old Yuehuang chickens( hens) were randomly divided into 5 groups with 8 replicates per group and 15 chickens per replicate. Chickens in the group A( blank control group) were fed a basal diet,chickens in the group B( positive control group) were supplemented with 0.020% Astragalus polysaccharide,and others in groups C,D and E( ginseng leaf polysaccharide groups) were supplemented with 0.005%,0.010%,0.020% ginseng leaf polysaccharide,respectively. Polysaccharides were was added into drinking water. The experiment lasted for 28 days. The results showed as follows: 1) on 14 days of age,the thymus index of group E was significantly higher than that of group A( P<0.05). On 14 days of age,the spleen index of group D was significantly higher than that of group A( P<0.05); on 28 days of age,the spleen index of group B was significantly higher than that of group A( P<0.05). On 14 days of age,the bursa of Fabricius index of group E was significantly higher than that of other groups( P<0.05); on 28 days of age,the bursa of Fabricius index of group B was significantly higher than that of group A( P<0.05). 2) There were no significant differences in total protein,albumin,globulin creatinine,urea nitrogen contents and aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase activities in serum between ginseng leaf polysaccharide groups and group A( P> 0. 05). 3) On 21 days of age,the serum interleukin-2( IL-2) content of groups B,C,D and E was significantly higher than that of group A( P<0.05); on 28 days of age,the serum IL-2 content of groups D and E was significantly higher than that of group A( P<0.05). On14 days of age,the serum interleukin-12( IL-12) content of groups C,D and E was significantly higher than that of group A( P<0.05); on 21 days of age,the serum IL-12 content of group A was significantly higher than that of other groups( P<0.05); on 28 days of age,the serum IL-12 content of group E was significantly lower than that of group A( P<0.05). On 14 days of age,the serum tumor necrosis factor-α( TNF-α) content of groups C and E was significantly higher than that of group A( P<0.05); on 21 days of age,the serum TNF-α content of group D was significantly higher than that of group A( P<0.05); on 28 days of age,the serum TNF-α content of groups B,C,D and E was significantly higher than that of group A( P<0.05). On 14 days of age,the serum γ-interferon( IFN-γ) content of groups C,D and E was significantly higher than that of groups A and B( P<0.05); on 21 days of age,the serum IFN-γ content of group C was significantly lower than that of other groups( P<0.05); on 28 days of age,the serum IFN-γ content of groups D and E was significantly higher than that of other groups( P<0.05). On 14 days of age,the serum natural killer( NK) cellcontent of group D was significantly higher than that of other groups( P<0.05); on 28 days of age,the serum NK cell content of group E was significantly higher than that of other groups( P<0.05). In summary,ginseng leaf polysaccharide can enhance the immune performance of Yuehuang chickens by increasing their immune organ index and the contents of IL-2,IL-12,TNF-α,IFN-γ and NK cells in serum.[Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2019,31( 5) : 2330-2339]
引文
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[13]贾执瑛,谢燮,王晓艳,等.人参主要成分对大鼠免疫功能的比较研究[J].中国中药杂志,2014,39(17):3363-3366.
[14]贾仁勇,李超,殷中琼,等.青刺果多糖对鸡血清抗体和血液生化指标的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2008,36(17):7247-7248,7481.
[15]时维静,李立顺,俞浩,等.柴芪颗粒抗菌及保肝作用研究[J].畜牧兽医学报,2005,36(5):502-505.
[16]何梦恒,肖蓉,李栋,等.加丽素红对鸡尿酸、肌酐、尿素氮的影响[J].中国畜牧兽医,2012,39(9):127-129.
[17]姚莉媛.人参多糖对猪乳外胞体和仔猪血清中免疫相关miRNA的影响[D].硕士学位论文.广州:华南农业大学,2016.
[18] ZHANG S D,YIN Y X,WEI Q. Immunopotentiation on murine spleen lymphocytes induced by polysaccharide fraction of Panax ginseng via upregulating calcineurin activity[J].APM IS,2010,118(4):288-296.
[19] KO E,JOO H. Stimulatory effects of ginsan on the proliferation and viability of mouse spleen cells[J].The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology,2010,14(3):133.
[20] KABUTO H,AMAKAWA M,SHISHIBORI T.Exposure to bisphenol A during embryonic/fetal life and infancy increases oxidative injury and causes underdevelopment of the brain and testis in mice[J].Life Sciences,2004,74(24):2931-2940.
[21] KOBAYASHI M,FITZ L,RYAN M,et al.Identification and purification of natural killer cell stimulatory factor(NKSF),a cytokine w ith multiple biologic effects on human lymphocytes[J]. Journal of Experimental M edicine,1989,170(3):827-845.
[22] NIKITINA E Y,DESAI S A,ZHAO X Q,et al.Versatile prostate cancer treatment w ith inducible caspase and interleukin-12[J]. Cancer research,2005,65(10):4309-4319.
[23]商云霞,朱晓庆,谷新利,等.中药复方多糖对鸡IFN-γ、IL-4和L-12质量浓度的影响[J].西北农业学报,2015,24(5):24-28.
[24]朱晓庆.中药复方多糖对不同基因型鸡免疫调节作用及其作用机制研究[D].博士学位论文.石河子:石河子大学,2013.
[25]余强.黑灵芝多糖的免疫调节活性及其作用机制[D].博士学位论文.南昌:南昌大学,2014.
[26]王重庆.分子免疫学基础[M].北京:北京大学出版社,1997:272.
[27]丁婷婷.生物材料介导炎症反应相关免疫学评价的研究[D].硕士学位论文.上海:华东师范大学,2005.
[28]孙伟丽,张婷,杨雅涵,等.人参多糖对冬毛期雄性水貂生产性能、血清生化指标和肠道形态结构的影响[J].动物营养学报,2017,29(9):3308-3315.
[29]孙加节,蒋勇,习欠云,等.人参复合多糖提高猪圆环病毒疫苗免疫效果的研究[J].中国预防兽医学报,2016,38(9):734-738.
[30] SHIN J Y,SONG J Y,YUN Y S,et al.Immunostimulating effects of acidic polysaccharides extract of Panax ginseng on macrophage function[J]. Immunopharmacology and Immunotoxicology,2002,24(3):469-482.
[31] NAKADA T,WATANABE K,JIN G B,et al.Effect of Ninjin-Youei-To on Th1/Th2 type cytokine production in different mouse strains[J].American Journal of Chinese M edicine,2002,30(2/3):215-223.
[32]张皖东,吕诚,刘振丽,等.人参多糖和猪苓多糖对大鼠肠道黏膜淋巴细胞功能的影响[J].中草药,2007,38(2):221-224.
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[2]张芳毓,祁宏伟,武斌,等.人参茎叶多糖对雏鸡小肠黏膜细胞因子和免疫介质的影响[J].中国兽医学报,2015,35(7):1143-1147.
[3]倪秀珍.人参叶多糖的系统分级和抗肿瘤活性研究[D].博士学位论文.长春:东北师范大学,2010.
[4]赵明敏,刘以超,朱启元,等.人参叶粗提物对小白鼠血清蛋白合成的影响[J].蚌埠医学院学报,1981,6(4):248-250.
[5]杨丹.蒺参胶囊治疗冠心病心绞痛临床观察[D].硕士学位论文.长春:长春中医药大学,2008.
[6]陈凌锋,蔡旭滨,檀新珠,等.太子参茎叶多糖对断奶仔猪肠道免疫功能、肠黏膜形态结构及盲肠内容物菌群的影响[J].动物营养学报,2017,29(3):1012-1020.
[7] HWANG S,SHIN M,YOON T J,et al.Immunoadjuvant activity in mice of polysaccharides isolated from the leaves of Panax ginseng C. A. M eyer[J]. International Journal of Biological M acromolecules,2018,107:2695-2700.
[8]南慧静,刘浩民,庄汝柏,等.人参茎叶多糖口服液对小鼠免疫效果观察[J].广东畜牧兽医科技,2018,43(4):47-50.
[9]曹中赞.“免疫增效散”增强新城疫免疫效果的研究[D].硕士学位论文.长春:吉林大学,2005.
[10]赵利军,张梅,王炼,等.中药复方对动物机体免疫功能影响的研究进展[J].畜牧与饲料科学,2014,35(2):95-98.
[11]赵萧萧.人参叶多糖提取及其免疫作用的研究[D].硕士学位论文.大连:大连工业大学,2009.
[12]李洪武,孙会.人参叶多糖对肉仔鸡生产性能及免疫功能的影响[C]//第六次全国饲料营养学术研讨会论文集.杨凌:中国畜牧兽医学会,2010.
[13]贾执瑛,谢燮,王晓艳,等.人参主要成分对大鼠免疫功能的比较研究[J].中国中药杂志,2014,39(17):3363-3366.
[14]贾仁勇,李超,殷中琼,等.青刺果多糖对鸡血清抗体和血液生化指标的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2008,36(17):7247-7248,7481.
[15]时维静,李立顺,俞浩,等.柴芪颗粒抗菌及保肝作用研究[J].畜牧兽医学报,2005,36(5):502-505.
[16]何梦恒,肖蓉,李栋,等.加丽素红对鸡尿酸、肌酐、尿素氮的影响[J].中国畜牧兽医,2012,39(9):127-129.
[17]姚莉媛.人参多糖对猪乳外胞体和仔猪血清中免疫相关miRNA的影响[D].硕士学位论文.广州:华南农业大学,2016.
[18] ZHANG S D,YIN Y X,WEI Q. Immunopotentiation on murine spleen lymphocytes induced by polysaccharide fraction of Panax ginseng via upregulating calcineurin activity[J].APM IS,2010,118(4):288-296.
[19] KO E,JOO H. Stimulatory effects of ginsan on the proliferation and viability of mouse spleen cells[J].The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology,2010,14(3):133.
[20] KABUTO H,AMAKAWA M,SHISHIBORI T.Exposure to bisphenol A during embryonic/fetal life and infancy increases oxidative injury and causes underdevelopment of the brain and testis in mice[J].Life Sciences,2004,74(24):2931-2940.
[21] KOBAYASHI M,FITZ L,RYAN M,et al.Identification and purification of natural killer cell stimulatory factor(NKSF),a cytokine w ith multiple biologic effects on human lymphocytes[J]. Journal of Experimental M edicine,1989,170(3):827-845.
[22] NIKITINA E Y,DESAI S A,ZHAO X Q,et al.Versatile prostate cancer treatment w ith inducible caspase and interleukin-12[J]. Cancer research,2005,65(10):4309-4319.
[23]商云霞,朱晓庆,谷新利,等.中药复方多糖对鸡IFN-γ、IL-4和L-12质量浓度的影响[J].西北农业学报,2015,24(5):24-28.
[24]朱晓庆.中药复方多糖对不同基因型鸡免疫调节作用及其作用机制研究[D].博士学位论文.石河子:石河子大学,2013.
[25]余强.黑灵芝多糖的免疫调节活性及其作用机制[D].博士学位论文.南昌:南昌大学,2014.
[26]王重庆.分子免疫学基础[M].北京:北京大学出版社,1997:272.
[27]丁婷婷.生物材料介导炎症反应相关免疫学评价的研究[D].硕士学位论文.上海:华东师范大学,2005.
[28]孙伟丽,张婷,杨雅涵,等.人参多糖对冬毛期雄性水貂生产性能、血清生化指标和肠道形态结构的影响[J].动物营养学报,2017,29(9):3308-3315.
[29]孙加节,蒋勇,习欠云,等.人参复合多糖提高猪圆环病毒疫苗免疫效果的研究[J].中国预防兽医学报,2016,38(9):734-738.
[30] SHIN J Y,SONG J Y,YUN Y S,et al.Immunostimulating effects of acidic polysaccharides extract of Panax ginseng on macrophage function[J]. Immunopharmacology and Immunotoxicology,2002,24(3):469-482.
[31] NAKADA T,WATANABE K,JIN G B,et al.Effect of Ninjin-Youei-To on Th1/Th2 type cytokine production in different mouse strains[J].American Journal of Chinese M edicine,2002,30(2/3):215-223.
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