云南半细毛羊6种蛋白质饲料的可消化粗蛋白质和有效能的评价
|
摘要
本试验旨在利用概略养分分析法测定半细毛羊6种蛋白质饲料原料[豆粕、干酒糟及其可溶物(DDGS)、棉籽粕、膨化大豆、玉米蛋白粉和菜籽粕]的营养成分含量,并通过消化代谢试验结合套算法实测饲料原料的可消化粗蛋白质(DCP)含量和有效能值。试验选取16只体重为(56.05±5.47) kg的云南半细毛羊,采用完全随机设计,平均分为4组,每组4只。试验共2期,共7个饲粮,包含1个基础饲粮和6个试验饲粮。第1期饲喂4种饲粮,第2期饲喂3种饲粮。试验期10 d,其中预试期5 d,正试期5 d。结果表明:1)玉米蛋白粉的粗蛋白质(CP)含量最高,为65.77%,棉籽粕和豆粕的CP含量为50%左右,膨化大豆和菜籽粕的CP含量为37%左右,DDGS的CP含量最低,为25.93%。菜籽粕和膨化大豆的粗纤维(CF)含量较高,为16%左右,DDGS和棉籽粕的CF含量为11%左右,豆粕和玉米蛋白粉的CF含量较低,均在6%以下。2)各种蛋白质饲料原料的DCP含量之间差异显著(P <0. 05),其中玉米蛋白粉的DCP含量最高,为581. 79 g/kg,其次是棉籽粕、豆粕、膨化大豆和菜籽粕,DDGS的DCP含量最低,为211.48 g/kg。膨化大豆的消化能(DE)和代谢能(M E)最高,分别为21.54和19.79 M J/kg,其次是玉米蛋白粉、豆粕、棉籽粕和菜籽粕,DDGS的DE和ME最低,分别为14.62和12.45 MJ/kg。棉籽粕、菜籽粕和DDGS的有效能之间差异不显著(P>0.05)。综上所述,从营养成分含量上看,玉米蛋白粉品质最好,其次是豆粕、棉籽粕、膨化大豆、菜籽粕和DDGS。从DCP品质来说,玉米蛋白粉的品质最优,依次高于棉籽粕、豆粕、膨化大豆、菜籽粕和DDGS。从有效能值来说,膨化大豆最优,依次高于玉米蛋白粉、豆粕、棉籽粕、菜籽粕和DDGS。
The purpose of this experiment was to determine nutrient contents of six protein feeds [soybean meal,distillers dried grains with solubles( DDGS),cottonseed meal,puffed soybean,corn protein powder and rapeseed meal]for semi-fine-wool sheep by using the feed proximate analysis,and to measure digestible crude protein( DCP) contents and effective energy values by digestion and metabolism experiments combined with the substitution method. Sixteen Yunnan semi-fine-wool sheep weighing( 56.05±5.47) kg were selected in the experiment and were randomly divided into 4 groups with 4 sheep in each group. The experiment included two periods. There were seven diets including one basal diet and six experimental diets. Four diets were fed in the first period,and other three diets was fed in the second period. Each period experiment lasted 10 d including a 5-day preliminary trial period and a 5-day formal trial period. The results showed as follows: 1) the crude protein( CP) content of corn protein powder was the highest,which was 65.77%,the CP contents of both cottonseed meal and soybean meal were about 50%,the CP contents of both puffed soybean and rapeseed meal were about 37%,and DDGS had the lowest CP content,which was 25.93%. The crude fibre( CF) contents of both rapeseed meal and puffed soybean were high,about 16%,the CF contents of both DDGS and cottonseed meal were about 11%,and the CF contents of both soybean meal and corn protein powder were low,below 6%. 2) There was a significant difference in DCP content among various protein feeds( P<0.05),among which corn protein powder had the highest DCP content,which was 581.79 g/kg,followed by cottonseed meal,soybean meal,puffed soybean and rapeseed meal,and DDGS had the lowest DCP content,which was 211.48 g/kg. The digestible energy( DE) and metabolizable energy( ME) of puffed soybean were the highest,which were 21.54 and 19.79 MJ/kg,respectively,followed by corn protein powder,soybean meal,cottonseed meal and rapeseed meal,and the DE and ME of DDGS were the lowest,which were 14. 62 and12.45 MJ/kg,respectively. There was no significant difference between the DE and ME of cottonseed meal,rapeseed meal and DDGS( P>0.05). In conclusion,according to nutrient contents,corn protein powder is the best,followed by soybean meal,cottonseed meal,puffed soybean,rapeseed meal and DDGS. In terms of the quality of DCP,the quality of corn protein powder is the best,followed by cottonseed meal,soybean meal,puffed soybean,rapeseed meal and DDGS. From the perspective of energy quality of protein feeds,puffed soybean is the best,followed by corn protein powder,soybean meal,cottonseed meal,rapeseed meal and DDGS.[Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2019,31( 5) : 2168-2175]
The purpose of this experiment was to determine nutrient contents of six protein feeds [soybean meal,distillers dried grains with solubles( DDGS),cottonseed meal,puffed soybean,corn protein powder and rapeseed meal]for semi-fine-wool sheep by using the feed proximate analysis,and to measure digestible crude protein( DCP) contents and effective energy values by digestion and metabolism experiments combined with the substitution method. Sixteen Yunnan semi-fine-wool sheep weighing( 56.05±5.47) kg were selected in the experiment and were randomly divided into 4 groups with 4 sheep in each group. The experiment included two periods. There were seven diets including one basal diet and six experimental diets. Four diets were fed in the first period,and other three diets was fed in the second period. Each period experiment lasted 10 d including a 5-day preliminary trial period and a 5-day formal trial period. The results showed as follows: 1) the crude protein( CP) content of corn protein powder was the highest,which was 65.77%,the CP contents of both cottonseed meal and soybean meal were about 50%,the CP contents of both puffed soybean and rapeseed meal were about 37%,and DDGS had the lowest CP content,which was 25.93%. The crude fibre( CF) contents of both rapeseed meal and puffed soybean were high,about 16%,the CF contents of both DDGS and cottonseed meal were about 11%,and the CF contents of both soybean meal and corn protein powder were low,below 6%. 2) There was a significant difference in DCP content among various protein feeds( P<0.05),among which corn protein powder had the highest DCP content,which was 581.79 g/kg,followed by cottonseed meal,soybean meal,puffed soybean and rapeseed meal,and DDGS had the lowest DCP content,which was 211.48 g/kg. The digestible energy( DE) and metabolizable energy( ME) of puffed soybean were the highest,which were 21.54 and 19.79 MJ/kg,respectively,followed by corn protein powder,soybean meal,cottonseed meal and rapeseed meal,and the DE and ME of DDGS were the lowest,which were 14. 62 and12.45 MJ/kg,respectively. There was no significant difference between the DE and ME of cottonseed meal,rapeseed meal and DDGS( P>0.05). In conclusion,according to nutrient contents,corn protein powder is the best,followed by soybean meal,cottonseed meal,puffed soybean,rapeseed meal and DDGS. In terms of the quality of DCP,the quality of corn protein powder is the best,followed by cottonseed meal,soybean meal,puffed soybean,rapeseed meal and DDGS. From the perspective of energy quality of protein feeds,puffed soybean is the best,followed by corn protein powder,soybean meal,cottonseed meal,rapeseed meal and DDGS.[Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2019,31( 5) : 2168-2175]
引文
[1]中华人民共和国国家统计局.中国统计年鉴[M].北京:中国统计出版社,2016.
[2]付霞杰,段涛,王思宇,等.7种半细毛羊常用饲料原料的营养价值评定[J].中国畜牧杂志,2017,53(10):70-74.
[3]李德勇.体外法评价肉牛饲料净蛋白质利用率和瘤胃降解率[D].博士学位论文.北京:中国农业大学,2016.
[4]刘洁,刁其玉,赵一广,等.肉用绵羊饲料养分消化率和有效能预测模型的研究[J].畜牧兽医学报,2012,43(8):1230-1238.
[5]王芳,徐元君,牛俊丽,等.体外产气法评价反刍动物饲料营养价值的研究[J].中国畜牧兽医,2016,43(1):76-83.
[6]万凡,赵江波,马涛,等.基于杜泊×小尾寒羊杂交肉羊能量代谢试验与套算法评定燕麦、大麦、小麦、高粱、玉米的代谢能[J].中国畜牧杂志,2017,53(4):76-82.
[7]赵江波,魏时来,马涛,等.套算法用于估测肉用羊单一谷物饲料代谢能值及养分消化率的探索[J].畜牧兽医学报,2016,47(7):1405-1413.
[8] GALVANI D B,PIRES C C,KOZLOSKI G V,et al.Energy requirements of Texel crossbred lambs[J]. Journal of Animal Science,2008,86(12):3480-3490.
[9]张丽英.饲料分析及饲料质量检测技术[M].3版.北京:中国农业大学出版社,2007.
[10] PELCHEN A,PETERS K J. Methane emissions from sheep[J]. Small Ruminant Research,1998,27(2):137-150.
[11]刘德稳.生长猪常用七种饲料原料净能预测方程[D].博士学位论文.北京:中国农业大学,2014.
[12] ADEOLA O.Digestion and balance techniques in pigs[M]//LEWIS A J,SOUTHEN L L.Swine nutrition.2nd ed. Washington,D. C.:CRC Press,2001:903-916.
[13]熊本海,罗清尧,周正奎,等.中国饲料成分及营养价值表(2017年第28版)制订说明[J].中国饲料,2017(21):31-41.
[14]许艳芬.山东省猪饲料原料的营养价值评定[D].硕士学位论文.泰安:山东农业大学,2013.
[15]赵丽华,莫放,余汝华,等.收刈时间对玉米秸秆营养物质产量的影响[J].中国农学通报,2007,23(7):11-14.
[16]陶春卫.反刍动物常用粗饲料营养价值评定及其有效能值预测模型的建立[D].硕士学位论文.大庆:黑龙江八一农垦大学,2009.
[17]刘洁.肉用绵羊饲料代谢能与代谢蛋白质预测模型的研究[D].博士学位论文.北京:中国农业科学院,2012.
[18]万凡,赵江波,马涛,等.利用饲料原料中的营养成分和可消化营养成分含量建立肉羊常用蛋白质饲料原料代谢能的预测模型[J].动物营养学报,2017,29(5):1774-1784.
[19]赵江波,魏时来,马涛,等.应用套算法估测肉羊精饲料代谢能[J].动物营养学报,2016,28(4):1217-1224.
[20]赵明明,马涛,马俊南,等.肉用绵羊常用粗饲料有效能值的预测与方程的建立[J].动物营养学报,2016,28(8):2385-2395.
[21] ABATE A L,MAYER M.Prediction of the useful energy in tropical feeds from proximate composition and in vivo derived energetic contents 1. M etabolisable energy[J].Small Ruminant Research,1997,25(1):51-59.
[22]赵杰.肉牛饲料利用率的影响因素及改进方法[J].现代畜牧科技,2018(3):36.
[23]赵江波,马涛,聂明非,等.反刍动物饲料营养价值评定及替代法展望[J].畜牧与兽医,2016,48(4):134-137.
[2]付霞杰,段涛,王思宇,等.7种半细毛羊常用饲料原料的营养价值评定[J].中国畜牧杂志,2017,53(10):70-74.
[3]李德勇.体外法评价肉牛饲料净蛋白质利用率和瘤胃降解率[D].博士学位论文.北京:中国农业大学,2016.
[4]刘洁,刁其玉,赵一广,等.肉用绵羊饲料养分消化率和有效能预测模型的研究[J].畜牧兽医学报,2012,43(8):1230-1238.
[5]王芳,徐元君,牛俊丽,等.体外产气法评价反刍动物饲料营养价值的研究[J].中国畜牧兽医,2016,43(1):76-83.
[6]万凡,赵江波,马涛,等.基于杜泊×小尾寒羊杂交肉羊能量代谢试验与套算法评定燕麦、大麦、小麦、高粱、玉米的代谢能[J].中国畜牧杂志,2017,53(4):76-82.
[7]赵江波,魏时来,马涛,等.套算法用于估测肉用羊单一谷物饲料代谢能值及养分消化率的探索[J].畜牧兽医学报,2016,47(7):1405-1413.
[8] GALVANI D B,PIRES C C,KOZLOSKI G V,et al.Energy requirements of Texel crossbred lambs[J]. Journal of Animal Science,2008,86(12):3480-3490.
[9]张丽英.饲料分析及饲料质量检测技术[M].3版.北京:中国农业大学出版社,2007.
[10] PELCHEN A,PETERS K J. Methane emissions from sheep[J]. Small Ruminant Research,1998,27(2):137-150.
[11]刘德稳.生长猪常用七种饲料原料净能预测方程[D].博士学位论文.北京:中国农业大学,2014.
[12] ADEOLA O.Digestion and balance techniques in pigs[M]//LEWIS A J,SOUTHEN L L.Swine nutrition.2nd ed. Washington,D. C.:CRC Press,2001:903-916.
[13]熊本海,罗清尧,周正奎,等.中国饲料成分及营养价值表(2017年第28版)制订说明[J].中国饲料,2017(21):31-41.
[14]许艳芬.山东省猪饲料原料的营养价值评定[D].硕士学位论文.泰安:山东农业大学,2013.
[15]赵丽华,莫放,余汝华,等.收刈时间对玉米秸秆营养物质产量的影响[J].中国农学通报,2007,23(7):11-14.
[16]陶春卫.反刍动物常用粗饲料营养价值评定及其有效能值预测模型的建立[D].硕士学位论文.大庆:黑龙江八一农垦大学,2009.
[17]刘洁.肉用绵羊饲料代谢能与代谢蛋白质预测模型的研究[D].博士学位论文.北京:中国农业科学院,2012.
[18]万凡,赵江波,马涛,等.利用饲料原料中的营养成分和可消化营养成分含量建立肉羊常用蛋白质饲料原料代谢能的预测模型[J].动物营养学报,2017,29(5):1774-1784.
[19]赵江波,魏时来,马涛,等.应用套算法估测肉羊精饲料代谢能[J].动物营养学报,2016,28(4):1217-1224.
[20]赵明明,马涛,马俊南,等.肉用绵羊常用粗饲料有效能值的预测与方程的建立[J].动物营养学报,2016,28(8):2385-2395.
[21] ABATE A L,MAYER M.Prediction of the useful energy in tropical feeds from proximate composition and in vivo derived energetic contents 1. M etabolisable energy[J].Small Ruminant Research,1997,25(1):51-59.
[22]赵杰.肉牛饲料利用率的影响因素及改进方法[J].现代畜牧科技,2018(3):36.
[23]赵江波,马涛,聂明非,等.反刍动物饲料营养价值评定及替代法展望[J].畜牧与兽医,2016,48(4):134-137.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |