黄淮海平原县域城镇化对乡村人—地—业的影响
|
摘要
中国长期的城乡二元结构使得城镇化未能有效带动乡村发展,并造成严重的乡村病问题。现有关于城镇化对乡村人—地—业影响的研究较少,关于影响机制的探讨更显匮乏。文章基于黄淮海平原县域数据,刻画县域乡村系统与城镇化发展的时空格局,利用地理探测器模型探析城镇化对乡村的影响,并探讨其影响机制。研究发现:①乡村人口发展空间分异不明显,而乡村土地、产业发展空间分异明显,其高值区主要分布于山东省、环渤海湾周边地区等;②黄淮海平原县域城镇化率呈逐年上升趋势,且空间分异明显,高值区主要分布于山东省、京广铁路沿线周边地区、环渤海湾周边地区等;③城镇化对乡村土地的影响不显著,同时,土地城镇化对乡村的影响不显著,乡村人口和产业的发展主要受人口城镇化和经济城镇化的影响,城镇化交互作用能够增强对乡村的影响力;④合理的城镇化发展可有效促进乡村人—业发展,有助于实现城乡融合和乡村振兴。
Because of the long-term urban-rural dual structure in China, urbanization has failed to effectively promote rural development, and causes serious rural problems. The existing researches are rather less in the impact of urbanization on rural population-land-industry and its impact mechanism. Based on the county-level data of the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain,this study explores the spatial-temporal pattern of rural system and urbanization in the county. Then, this article analyzes the impact of urbanization on the countryside and the impact mechanism using the geo-detector model. The results of the study show that: 1) The spatial pattern of rural population is not obvious, but the spatial differentiations of rural land and industry are obvious, and their higher value areas are mainly distributed in Shandong Province and areas around Bohai Bay; 2) The urbanization rate of counties in Huang-Huai-Hai Plain increases year by year. The spatial differentiation of urbanization is obvious. The areas with higher value are mainly distributed in Shandong Province, areas along BeijingGuangzhou Railway and around Bohai Bay; 3) The impact of urbanization on rural land is not significant. Meanwhile, the impact of land urbanization on rural areas is also not significant. However, the development of rural population and industry is mainly affected by urbanization of population and economic urbanization. The interaction of urbanization can strengthen the impacts on rural areas; 4) Rational urbanization can effectively promote rural population and industry development and contribute to urban-rural integration and rural revitalization.
Because of the long-term urban-rural dual structure in China, urbanization has failed to effectively promote rural development, and causes serious rural problems. The existing researches are rather less in the impact of urbanization on rural population-land-industry and its impact mechanism. Based on the county-level data of the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain,this study explores the spatial-temporal pattern of rural system and urbanization in the county. Then, this article analyzes the impact of urbanization on the countryside and the impact mechanism using the geo-detector model. The results of the study show that: 1) The spatial pattern of rural population is not obvious, but the spatial differentiations of rural land and industry are obvious, and their higher value areas are mainly distributed in Shandong Province and areas around Bohai Bay; 2) The urbanization rate of counties in Huang-Huai-Hai Plain increases year by year. The spatial differentiation of urbanization is obvious. The areas with higher value are mainly distributed in Shandong Province, areas along BeijingGuangzhou Railway and around Bohai Bay; 3) The impact of urbanization on rural land is not significant. Meanwhile, the impact of land urbanization on rural areas is also not significant. However, the development of rural population and industry is mainly affected by urbanization of population and economic urbanization. The interaction of urbanization can strengthen the impacts on rural areas; 4) Rational urbanization can effectively promote rural population and industry development and contribute to urban-rural integration and rural revitalization.
引文
[1] Long H L,Liu Y S,Li X B,et al. Building new countryside in China:A geographical perspective[J]. Land Use Policy,2010,27(2):457-470.
[2]方创琳,刘海燕.快速城市化进程中的区域剥夺行为与调控路径[J].地理学报,2007,62(8):849-860.
[3] Li Y H,Jia L R,Wu W H,et al. Urbanization for rural sustainability-Rethinking China's urbanization strategy[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production,2018(178):580-586.
[4] Liu Y S,Li Y H. Revitalize the world’s countryside[J]. Nature,2017(548):275-277.
[5]刘彦随.中国新时代城乡融合与乡村振兴[J].地理学报,2018,73(4):637-650.
[6]刘彦随.新型城镇化应治“乡村病”(新论)[N].人民日报,2013-09-10.
[7] Yu W,Jiang X Y. The Third-Type Settlement:Research of Unified Urban and Rural Living Organisms and Its Interaction De‐sign[C]//International Conference of Design. Springer Interna‐tional Publishing,2016.
[8] Yan J M,Chen H,Xia F Z. Toward improved land elements for urban-rural integration:A cell concept of an urban-rural mixed community[J]. Habitat International,2018,77(7):110-120.
[9] Yuan Y,Xu M,Cao X Y,et al. Exploring urban-rural disparity of the multiple deprivation index in Guangzhou City from 2000to 2010[J]. Cities,2018,79(9):1-11.
[10] Gren?,Andersson E. Being efficient and green by rethinking the urban-rural divide-Combining urban expansion and food production by integrating an ecosystem service perspective in‐to urban planning[J]. Sustainable Cities and Society,2018,40(7):75-82.
[11] Henderson J V,Wang H G. Aspects of the Rural-Urban Transformation of Countries[J]. Journal of Economic Geography,2005,5(1):23-42.
[12] Mann S. Institutional causes of urban and rural sprawl in Switzerland[J]. Land Use Policy,2009,26(4):919-924.
[13] Siciliano G. Urbanization strategies,rural development and land use changes in China:A multiple-level integrated assess‐ment[J]. Land Use Policy,2012,29(1):165-178.
[14] Zhao J J,Wang M Y. A novel assessment of urbanization quality and its applications[J]. Physica A:Statistical Mechanics and its Applications,2018,508:141-154.
[15] Guan X L,Wei H K,Lu S S,et al. Assessment on the urbanization strategy in China:Achievements,challenges and reflec‐tions[J]. Habitat International,2018,71(1):97-109.
[16]佘之祥.乡村在城镇化过程中受到的冲击及其发展问题[J].中国环境管理,2015(3):57-62.
[17]龙花楼,屠爽爽.论乡村重构[J].地理学报,2017,72(4):563-576.
[18] Tu S S,Long H L,Zhang Y N,et al. Rural restructuring at village level under rapid urbanization in metropolitan suburbs of China and its implications for innovations in land use policy[J]. Habitat International,2018,77(7):143-152.
[19]杨忍,刘彦随,龙花楼,等.中国乡村转型重构研究进展与展望——逻辑主线与内容框架[J].地理科学进展,2015,34(8):1 019-1 030.
[20]陶伟,程明洋,符文颖.城市化进程中广州城中村传统宗族文化的重构[J].地理学报,2015,70(12):1 987-2 000.
[21]姜侣.城镇化进程中西部地区乡村空间结构演化研究[D].兰州:西北师范大学,2015.
[22]周洪新.城镇化进程中农村中小学“撤点并校”的问题研究[D].济南:山东师范大学,2013.
[23]宋元梁,肖卫东.中国城镇化发展与农民收入增长关系的动态计量经济分析[J].数量经济技术经济研究,2005,22(9):30-39.
[24] Liu Y S,Liu Y,Chen Y F,et al. The process and driving forces of rural hollowing in China under rapid urbanization[J]. Jour‐nal of Geographical Sciences,2010,20(6):78-90.
[25] Yun Z,Jin D. Difference of Urban-rural Residents'Income and Consumption in Chongqing City from 2000 to 2009[J]. Asian Agricultural Research,2011,3(5):59-63.
[26]刘彦随,周扬,刘继来.中国农村贫困化地域分异特征及其精准扶贫策略[J].中国科学院院刊,2016(3):269-278.
[27]樊杰,田明.中国城市化与非农化水平的相关分析及省际差异[J].地理科学,2003,23(6):641-648.
[28]丁守海.中国城镇发展中的就业问题[J].中国社会科学,2014(1):30-47.
[29]刘彦随,乔陆印.中国新型城镇化背景下耕地保护制度与政策创新[J].经济地理,2014,34(4):1-6.
[30]刘彦随.新型城镇化待解土地难题[J].资源环境与发展,2013(4):12-13.
[31]朱莉芬,黄季焜.城镇化对耕地影响的研究[J].经济研究,2007(2):36-43.
[32]张永恩,褚庆全,王宏广.城镇化进程中的中国粮食安全形势和对策[J].农业现代化研究,2009,30(3):270-274.
[33]冷智花,付畅俭.城镇化失衡发展对粮食安全的影响[J].经济学家,2014(11):58-65.
[34]周君,周林.新型城镇化背景下农村基础设施投资对农村经济的影响分析[J].城市发展研究,2014,21(7):14-23.
[35] Qian Z,Xue J. Small town urbanization in Western China:Villager resettlement and integration in Xi'an[J]. Land Use Poli‐cy,2017,68(11):152-159.
[36] Li J T,Jia L R,Liu Y S,et al. Measuring model of rural transformation development path in Fuping County of Beijing-Tian‐jin-Hebei region[J]. Habitat International,2018,74(4):48-56.
[37] Wang Y F,Liu Y S,Li Y R,et al.The spatio-temporal patterns of urban-rural development transformation in China since 1990[J]. Habitat International,2016,53(4):178-187.
[38]张英男,龙花楼,戈大专,等.黄淮海平原耕地功能演变的时空特征及其驱动机制[J].地理学报,2018,73(3):518-534.
[39]陈丽,郝晋珉,艾东,等.黄淮海平原粮食均衡增产潜力及空间分异[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(2):288-297.
[40]王劲峰,徐成东.地理探测器:原理与展望[J].地理学报,2017,72(1):116-134.
[41]曹文莉,张小林,潘义勇,等.发达地区人口、土地与经济城镇化协调发展度研究[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2012,22(2):141-146.
[2]方创琳,刘海燕.快速城市化进程中的区域剥夺行为与调控路径[J].地理学报,2007,62(8):849-860.
[3] Li Y H,Jia L R,Wu W H,et al. Urbanization for rural sustainability-Rethinking China's urbanization strategy[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production,2018(178):580-586.
[4] Liu Y S,Li Y H. Revitalize the world’s countryside[J]. Nature,2017(548):275-277.
[5]刘彦随.中国新时代城乡融合与乡村振兴[J].地理学报,2018,73(4):637-650.
[6]刘彦随.新型城镇化应治“乡村病”(新论)[N].人民日报,2013-09-10.
[7] Yu W,Jiang X Y. The Third-Type Settlement:Research of Unified Urban and Rural Living Organisms and Its Interaction De‐sign[C]//International Conference of Design. Springer Interna‐tional Publishing,2016.
[8] Yan J M,Chen H,Xia F Z. Toward improved land elements for urban-rural integration:A cell concept of an urban-rural mixed community[J]. Habitat International,2018,77(7):110-120.
[9] Yuan Y,Xu M,Cao X Y,et al. Exploring urban-rural disparity of the multiple deprivation index in Guangzhou City from 2000to 2010[J]. Cities,2018,79(9):1-11.
[10] Gren?,Andersson E. Being efficient and green by rethinking the urban-rural divide-Combining urban expansion and food production by integrating an ecosystem service perspective in‐to urban planning[J]. Sustainable Cities and Society,2018,40(7):75-82.
[11] Henderson J V,Wang H G. Aspects of the Rural-Urban Transformation of Countries[J]. Journal of Economic Geography,2005,5(1):23-42.
[12] Mann S. Institutional causes of urban and rural sprawl in Switzerland[J]. Land Use Policy,2009,26(4):919-924.
[13] Siciliano G. Urbanization strategies,rural development and land use changes in China:A multiple-level integrated assess‐ment[J]. Land Use Policy,2012,29(1):165-178.
[14] Zhao J J,Wang M Y. A novel assessment of urbanization quality and its applications[J]. Physica A:Statistical Mechanics and its Applications,2018,508:141-154.
[15] Guan X L,Wei H K,Lu S S,et al. Assessment on the urbanization strategy in China:Achievements,challenges and reflec‐tions[J]. Habitat International,2018,71(1):97-109.
[16]佘之祥.乡村在城镇化过程中受到的冲击及其发展问题[J].中国环境管理,2015(3):57-62.
[17]龙花楼,屠爽爽.论乡村重构[J].地理学报,2017,72(4):563-576.
[18] Tu S S,Long H L,Zhang Y N,et al. Rural restructuring at village level under rapid urbanization in metropolitan suburbs of China and its implications for innovations in land use policy[J]. Habitat International,2018,77(7):143-152.
[19]杨忍,刘彦随,龙花楼,等.中国乡村转型重构研究进展与展望——逻辑主线与内容框架[J].地理科学进展,2015,34(8):1 019-1 030.
[20]陶伟,程明洋,符文颖.城市化进程中广州城中村传统宗族文化的重构[J].地理学报,2015,70(12):1 987-2 000.
[21]姜侣.城镇化进程中西部地区乡村空间结构演化研究[D].兰州:西北师范大学,2015.
[22]周洪新.城镇化进程中农村中小学“撤点并校”的问题研究[D].济南:山东师范大学,2013.
[23]宋元梁,肖卫东.中国城镇化发展与农民收入增长关系的动态计量经济分析[J].数量经济技术经济研究,2005,22(9):30-39.
[24] Liu Y S,Liu Y,Chen Y F,et al. The process and driving forces of rural hollowing in China under rapid urbanization[J]. Jour‐nal of Geographical Sciences,2010,20(6):78-90.
[25] Yun Z,Jin D. Difference of Urban-rural Residents'Income and Consumption in Chongqing City from 2000 to 2009[J]. Asian Agricultural Research,2011,3(5):59-63.
[26]刘彦随,周扬,刘继来.中国农村贫困化地域分异特征及其精准扶贫策略[J].中国科学院院刊,2016(3):269-278.
[27]樊杰,田明.中国城市化与非农化水平的相关分析及省际差异[J].地理科学,2003,23(6):641-648.
[28]丁守海.中国城镇发展中的就业问题[J].中国社会科学,2014(1):30-47.
[29]刘彦随,乔陆印.中国新型城镇化背景下耕地保护制度与政策创新[J].经济地理,2014,34(4):1-6.
[30]刘彦随.新型城镇化待解土地难题[J].资源环境与发展,2013(4):12-13.
[31]朱莉芬,黄季焜.城镇化对耕地影响的研究[J].经济研究,2007(2):36-43.
[32]张永恩,褚庆全,王宏广.城镇化进程中的中国粮食安全形势和对策[J].农业现代化研究,2009,30(3):270-274.
[33]冷智花,付畅俭.城镇化失衡发展对粮食安全的影响[J].经济学家,2014(11):58-65.
[34]周君,周林.新型城镇化背景下农村基础设施投资对农村经济的影响分析[J].城市发展研究,2014,21(7):14-23.
[35] Qian Z,Xue J. Small town urbanization in Western China:Villager resettlement and integration in Xi'an[J]. Land Use Poli‐cy,2017,68(11):152-159.
[36] Li J T,Jia L R,Liu Y S,et al. Measuring model of rural transformation development path in Fuping County of Beijing-Tian‐jin-Hebei region[J]. Habitat International,2018,74(4):48-56.
[37] Wang Y F,Liu Y S,Li Y R,et al.The spatio-temporal patterns of urban-rural development transformation in China since 1990[J]. Habitat International,2016,53(4):178-187.
[38]张英男,龙花楼,戈大专,等.黄淮海平原耕地功能演变的时空特征及其驱动机制[J].地理学报,2018,73(3):518-534.
[39]陈丽,郝晋珉,艾东,等.黄淮海平原粮食均衡增产潜力及空间分异[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(2):288-297.
[40]王劲峰,徐成东.地理探测器:原理与展望[J].地理学报,2017,72(1):116-134.
[41]曹文莉,张小林,潘义勇,等.发达地区人口、土地与经济城镇化协调发展度研究[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2012,22(2):141-146.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |