学习、环境与在孵企业创造力:网络边界视角
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摘要
网络化边界为创业模式与情境要素变革背景下的组织学习效力分析提供了更具时效性的研究视角。在孵企业为上述视角的落地,进而还原复杂情境下多维组织学习方式对企业价值创造活动的协同作用过程提供了丰富的实证脚本。基于235家企业的实证结果显示:内外部学习不仅能单独提升在孵企业创造力,还具有协同促进效应,而该过程会受到内外部环境的共同调节作用。孵化网络异质性越低、环境动态性越强,在孵企业内部学习与创造力间的正向关系越强;孵化网络异质性越高、环境动态性越弱,在孵企业外部学习与创造力间的正向关系越强。进一步对内外部学习协同效应进行调节作用检验,发现只有当孵化网络异质性低或是环境动态性弱时,才有利于发挥在孵企业内部学习与外部学习对创造力的协同促进作用。研究结论为组织学习、环境要素与创业孵化理论融合提供了较为完整的研究框架,并为创业企业学习战略与孵育机制设计提供了更具靶向性的决策依据。
The network boundary provides a more timeliness research perspective for the effectiveness analysis of organizational learning while the changing of entrepreneurial model and situational elements.Incubatees provides abundant empirical script for delivery of above perspective,and restore the synergistic influence process of multi-dimensional organizational learning mode on enterprise value creation activities under the complex situation.The empirical results of 235 enterprises show that both internal and external learning can not only improve the creativity of incubatees,but also have synergistic effect,and these relationships will be moderated by the internal and external environment.The lower the heterogeneity of the incubation network and the stronger dynamic environment,the stronger the positive relationship between internal learning and creativity,while the higher the heterogeneity of the incubation network and he weaker dynamic environment,the stronger the positive relationship between external learning and creativity.Further test of moderating effect on the synergistic effect of internal and external learning found that it's conducive to the synergistic effect of learning and external learning on incubatees creativity,while the heterogeneity of hatching network is low or the dynamic environment is weak.The conclusion provides a relatively complete framework for the integration of organizational learning,environmental factors and entrepreneurial incubation theory,and also provides a more targeted decision-making basis for design of learning strategy and incubation mechanism.
The network boundary provides a more timeliness research perspective for the effectiveness analysis of organizational learning while the changing of entrepreneurial model and situational elements.Incubatees provides abundant empirical script for delivery of above perspective,and restore the synergistic influence process of multi-dimensional organizational learning mode on enterprise value creation activities under the complex situation.The empirical results of 235 enterprises show that both internal and external learning can not only improve the creativity of incubatees,but also have synergistic effect,and these relationships will be moderated by the internal and external environment.The lower the heterogeneity of the incubation network and the stronger dynamic environment,the stronger the positive relationship between internal learning and creativity,while the higher the heterogeneity of the incubation network and he weaker dynamic environment,the stronger the positive relationship between external learning and creativity.Further test of moderating effect on the synergistic effect of internal and external learning found that it's conducive to the synergistic effect of learning and external learning on incubatees creativity,while the heterogeneity of hatching network is low or the dynamic environment is weak.The conclusion provides a relatively complete framework for the integration of organizational learning,environmental factors and entrepreneurial incubation theory,and also provides a more targeted decision-making basis for design of learning strategy and incubation mechanism.
引文
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[15]胡海青,李浩.加速器支持、环境动态性与瞪羚企业突破式创新[J].科研管理,2015,36(12):47-55.
[16]胡海青,李浩.孵化器领导力与孵化网络绩效实证研究[J].管理评论,2016,28(3):164-172.
[17]李纲,陈静静,杨雪.网络能力﹑知识获取与企业服务创新绩效的关系研究---网络规模的调节作用[J].管理评论,2017,29(2):59-68+86.
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[19]DETIENNE D R,KOBERG C S.The impact of environmental and organizational:factors on discontinuous innovation within high-technology industries[J].Transactions on Engineering Management,2002,49(4):352-364.
[20]陈熹,范雅楠,云乐鑫.创业网络、环境不确定性与创业企业成长关系研究[J].科学学与科学技术管理,2015,36(9):105-116.
[21]张道宏,马辽原,胡海青.在孵企业网络能力对创新绩效的影响---以三重社会资本为中介变量[J].科技进步与对策,2015,32(2):96-104.
[22]许晖,许守任,王睿智.网络嵌入、组织学习与资源承诺的协同演进---基于3家外贸企业转型的案例研究[J].管理世界,2013(10):142-155+169+188.
[23]张宝建,裴梦丹,孙国强,等.基于创业过程的资源匹配孵化研究[J].运筹与管理,2017,26(8):146-156.
[24]JAMES L R,BRETT J M.Mediators,moderators and tests for mediation[J].Journal of Applied Psychology,1984,69(2):307-321.
[25]张华,郎淳刚.以往绩效与网络异质性对知识创新的影响研究---网络中心性位置是不够的[J].科学学研究,2013,31(10):1581-1589.
[26]ZHOU K Z,POPPO L.Exchange hazards,relational reliability and contracts in China:the contingent role of legal enforceability[J].Journal of International Business Studies,2010,41(5):861-881.
[27]GILBERT A C,PAUL P.Research design effects on the reliability of rating scales:a meta analysis[J].Journal of Marketing Research,1984,21(4):360-375.
[28]GRAYSON K.Friendship versus business in marketing relationships[J].Journal of Marketing,2007,71(6):21-139.
[2]林春培,张振刚.基于吸收能力的组织学习过程对渐进性创新与突破性创新的影响研究[J].科研管理,2017,38(4):38-45.
[3]邹国平,郭韬,任雪娇.区域环境因素对科技型企业规模的影响研究---组织学习和智力资本的中介作用[J].管理评论,2017,29(5):52-63.
[4]梁阜,李树文,孙锐.SOR视角下组织学习对组织创新绩效的影响[J].管理科学,2017,30(3):63-74.
[5]查成伟,陈万明,唐朝永.高质量关系、失败学习与企业创新绩效[J].管理评论,2016,28(2):175-184.
[6]ZHONG H.Study on the knowledge network and innovation mechanism of incubators[J].Management Science&Engineering,2012,22(9):1618-1623.
[7]单标安,陈海涛,鲁喜凤,等.创业知识的理论来源、内涵界定及其获取模型构建[J].外国经济与管理,2015,37(9):17-28.
[8]MIEHAEL S,CHRISTOPH H.Cooperation patterns of incubator firms and the impact of incubator specialization:empirical evidence from Germany[J].Technology Transfer,2012,37(2):433-453.
[9]刘新梅,韩骁,白杨,等.控制机制、组织双元与组织创造力的关系研究[J].科研管理,2013,34(10):1-9.
[10]上官子木.创造力危机[M].上海:华东师范大学出版社,2004.
[11]JOHAN B,TIAGO R,BART C,et al.The evolution of business incubators:comparing demand and supply of business incubation services across different incubator generations[J].Technovation,2012,32(5):110-121.
[12]张宝建.网络结构对创业绩效的影响研究---基于中国孵化企业的调查分析[J].软科学,2015,29(3):5-8.
[13]张庆垒,刘春林,施建军.动荡环境下技术多元化与企业绩效关系[J].管理学报,2014,11(12):1818-1825.
[14]JAWORSKI B J,KOHLI A K.Market orientation:antecedents and consequences[J].Journal of Marketing,1993,7(7):53-70.
[15]胡海青,李浩.加速器支持、环境动态性与瞪羚企业突破式创新[J].科研管理,2015,36(12):47-55.
[16]胡海青,李浩.孵化器领导力与孵化网络绩效实证研究[J].管理评论,2016,28(3):164-172.
[17]李纲,陈静静,杨雪.网络能力﹑知识获取与企业服务创新绩效的关系研究---网络规模的调节作用[J].管理评论,2017,29(2):59-68+86.
[18]陈国权,刘薇.企业组织内部学习、外部学习及其协同作用对组织绩效的影响---内部结构和外部环境的调节作用研究[J].中国管理科学,2017,25(5):175-186.
[19]DETIENNE D R,KOBERG C S.The impact of environmental and organizational:factors on discontinuous innovation within high-technology industries[J].Transactions on Engineering Management,2002,49(4):352-364.
[20]陈熹,范雅楠,云乐鑫.创业网络、环境不确定性与创业企业成长关系研究[J].科学学与科学技术管理,2015,36(9):105-116.
[21]张道宏,马辽原,胡海青.在孵企业网络能力对创新绩效的影响---以三重社会资本为中介变量[J].科技进步与对策,2015,32(2):96-104.
[22]许晖,许守任,王睿智.网络嵌入、组织学习与资源承诺的协同演进---基于3家外贸企业转型的案例研究[J].管理世界,2013(10):142-155+169+188.
[23]张宝建,裴梦丹,孙国强,等.基于创业过程的资源匹配孵化研究[J].运筹与管理,2017,26(8):146-156.
[24]JAMES L R,BRETT J M.Mediators,moderators and tests for mediation[J].Journal of Applied Psychology,1984,69(2):307-321.
[25]张华,郎淳刚.以往绩效与网络异质性对知识创新的影响研究---网络中心性位置是不够的[J].科学学研究,2013,31(10):1581-1589.
[26]ZHOU K Z,POPPO L.Exchange hazards,relational reliability and contracts in China:the contingent role of legal enforceability[J].Journal of International Business Studies,2010,41(5):861-881.
[27]GILBERT A C,PAUL P.Research design effects on the reliability of rating scales:a meta analysis[J].Journal of Marketing Research,1984,21(4):360-375.
[28]GRAYSON K.Friendship versus business in marketing relationships[J].Journal of Marketing,2007,71(6):21-139.
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