泥岩盖层内断裂垂向封闭油气能力综合评价方法
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摘要
泥岩盖层内断裂垂向封闭油气能力主要受断层岩排替压力、泥岩盖层断接厚度和下伏储层油气剩余压力的影响,断层岩排替压力越大、泥岩盖层断接厚度越大、下伏储层油气剩余压力越小,泥岩盖层内断裂垂向封闭油气能力越强;反之则越弱。通过确定断层岩排替压力、泥岩盖层断接厚度和下伏储层剩余压力,根据油气在下伏储层剩余压力的作用下通过泥岩盖层内断裂渗滤、散失速度的相对大小,建立了一套泥岩盖层内断裂垂向封闭油气能力的综合评价方法。对海拉尔盆地贝尔凹陷呼和诺仁构造的断裂垂向封闭油气能力综合评价结果表明:油气在剩余压力作用下通过14个测点处大一段泥岩盖层内断裂F1渗滤、散失速度均小于0,表明大一段泥岩盖层内断裂F1垂向封闭油气能力均相对较强,有利于油气在南二段聚集与保存,与目前断裂F1附近南二段已发现大量油气分布相吻合,说明文中方法适用于综合评价泥岩盖层内断裂垂向封闭油气能力。
The fault vertical sealing hydrocarbon ability with mudstone caprocks is mainly influenced by the displacement pressure of fault rocks,the caprockfault juxtaposition thickness,and the hydrocarbon residual pressure in underlying reservoirs.The greater of displacement pressure of fault rocks,the thicker of caprock-fault juxtaposition thickness,and the smaller of hydrocarbon residual pressure in underlying reservoirs,the stronger of fault vertical sealing hydrocarbon ability with mudstone caprocks,and vice versa.A comprehensive evaluation of fault vertical sealing hydrocarbon ability with mudstone caprocks is proposed in the paper based on the displacement pressure of fault rock,the caprock-fault juxtaposition thickness,the hydrocarbon residual pressure in underlying reservoirs,and hydrocarbon permeation and dissipation velocity within mudstone caprocks.The proposed comprehensive evaluation is applied to the structures of Huhe and Nuoren in Hailar Basin.The permeation and dissipation velocity at 14 measuring points within mudstone caprocks are less than 0,which indicates that the vertical sealing hydrocarbon ability is relatively strong and it is conducive to the hydrocarbon accumulation.These evaluation results are coincident with the hydrocarbon discovery in the area and prove the validity of the proposed approach.
The fault vertical sealing hydrocarbon ability with mudstone caprocks is mainly influenced by the displacement pressure of fault rocks,the caprockfault juxtaposition thickness,and the hydrocarbon residual pressure in underlying reservoirs.The greater of displacement pressure of fault rocks,the thicker of caprock-fault juxtaposition thickness,and the smaller of hydrocarbon residual pressure in underlying reservoirs,the stronger of fault vertical sealing hydrocarbon ability with mudstone caprocks,and vice versa.A comprehensive evaluation of fault vertical sealing hydrocarbon ability with mudstone caprocks is proposed in the paper based on the displacement pressure of fault rock,the caprock-fault juxtaposition thickness,the hydrocarbon residual pressure in underlying reservoirs,and hydrocarbon permeation and dissipation velocity within mudstone caprocks.The proposed comprehensive evaluation is applied to the structures of Huhe and Nuoren in Hailar Basin.The permeation and dissipation velocity at 14 measuring points within mudstone caprocks are less than 0,which indicates that the vertical sealing hydrocarbon ability is relatively strong and it is conducive to the hydrocarbon accumulation.These evaluation results are coincident with the hydrocarbon discovery in the area and prove the validity of the proposed approach.
引文
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[11] 付晓飞,方德庆,吕延防,等.从断裂带内部结构出发评价断层垂向封闭性的方法[J].地球科学——中国地质大学学报,2005,30(3):328-336.FU Xiaofei,FANG Deqing,LYU Yanfang,et al.Method of evaluating vertical sealing of faults in terms of the internal structure of fault zones[J].Earth Science:Journal of China University of Geosciences,2005,30(3):328-336.
[12] 付广,王浩然,胡欣蕾.断层垂向封闭的断—储排替压力差法及其应用[J].石油学报,2014,35(4):685-691.FU Guang,WANG Haoran,HU Xinlei.Modification and application of fault-reservoir displacement pre-ssure differential method for vertical sealing of faults[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2014,35(4):685-691.
[13] 张姣,付广,宋戴雷.断—砂配置侧向分流输导油气的综合判别方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,2018,53(5):1041-1048.ZHANG Jiao,FU Guang,SONG Dailei.Lateral migration hydrocarbon identification in fault-sand configuration[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2018,53(5):1041-1048.
[14] 付广,王浩然,胡欣蕾,等.断裂带盖层油气封盖断接厚度下限的预测方法及其应用[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2015,39(3):30-37.FU Guang,WANG Haoran,HU Xinlei,et al.Prediction method and application of caprock faulted-contact thickness lower limit for oil-gas sealing in fault zone[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum (Edition of Natural Science),2015,39(3):30-37.
[15] 付广,韩刚,李世朝.断裂侧接输导油气运移部位预测方法及其应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2017,52(6):1298-1304.FU Guang,HAN Gang,LI Shizhao.A prediction method for fracture lateral-connected hydrocarbon migration[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2017,52(6):1298-1304.
[16] 张博为,付广,张居和,等.沿不同时期断裂运移的油气被泥岩盖层封闭所需条件的差异性——以三肇凹陷青一段和南堡凹陷5号构造东二段为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2017,38(1):22-28.ZHANG Bowei,FU Guang,ZHANG Juhe,et al.Analysis on the different sealing conditions required by mudstone caprock at different fault evolution stages:A case study on the 1st member of Qingshankou Formation in the Sanzhao Depression and 2nd member of Dongying Formation in the structure No.5 of the Nanpu Sag[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2017,38(1):22-28.
[17] 付广,杨勉,吕延防,等.断层古侧向封闭性定量评价方法及其应用[J].石油学报,2013,34(增刊1):78-83.FU Guang,YANG Mian,LYU Yanfang,et al.A quantitative evaluation method for ancient lateral sealing of fault[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2013,34(S1):78-83.
[18] 胡慧婷,王龙,刘岩,等.超压泥岩盖层中断层垂向封闭能力研究方法及其应用[J].石油与天然气地质,2014,35(3):359-364.HU Huiting,WANG Long,LIU Yan,et al.Research method of fault vertical sealing capacity in overpressure mudstone caprock and its application[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2014,35(3):359-364.
[19] 展铭望,付广.由地震资料预测断—盖配置有效封闭部位[J].石油地球物理勘探,2018,53(4):842-848.ZHAN Mingwang,FU Guang.Effective sealed part prediction in the fault-caprock configuration on seismic data[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2018,53(4):842-848.
[20] 付广,王明臣,李世朝.断层岩封闭性演化阶段确定方法及其应用[J].天然气工业,2017,37(10):11-16.FU Guang,WANG Mingchen,LI Shizhao.A method for determining the sealing capacity evolution stage of fault rocks and its application[J].Natural Gas Industry,2017,37(10):11-16.
[21] 付广,史集建,吕延防,等.断层岩古排替压力恢复及其封闭性能研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2013,42(6):996-1001.FU Guang,SHI Jijian,LYU Yanfang,et al.Study of ancient displacement pressure of fault rock recovery and its sealing characteristics[J].Journal of China University of Mining & Technology,2013,42(6):996-1001.
[22] 侯腱膨,王伟锋,焦健,等.断裂对泥岩盖层破坏程度综合定量研究方法及其应用[J].地质论评,2015,61(4):961-967.HOU Jianpeng,WANG Weifeng,JIAO Jian,et al.A comprehensive quantitative research method of destroy degree of faults to mudstone caprock and its application[J].Geological Review,2015,61(4):961-967.
[2] 何静波,陈志刚,刘良琼,等.哈萨克斯坦B区块断裂特征及对油气成藏的控制[J].石油地球物理勘探,2016,51(增刊1):106-112.HE Jingbo,CHEN Zhigang,LIU Liangqiong,et al.Fault characteristics in the Block B,Kazakhstan and their control over hydrocarbon accumulation[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2016,51(S1):106-112.
[3] 周永炳,王秀娟,沈旭友,等.大庆油田朝长地区扶余油层断层封闭性及其演化[J].现代地质,2009,23(5):880-886.ZHOU Yongbing,WANG Xiujuan,SHEN Xuyou,et al.Closure property and evolution of faults in Fuyu reservoir in Chaochang area of Daqing oilfield[J].Geoscience,2009,23(5):880-886.
[4] 刘震,谭卓,蔡东升,等.用断层面正压力法分析北部湾盆地涠西南凹陷断层垂向封闭性及其演化[J].地质科学,2008,43(4):695-711.LIU Zhen,TAN Zhuo,CAI Dongsheng,et al.Analysis on fault’s vertical sealing and its evolution by normal pressure of fault surface method in the Weixinan Sag,Beibu Gulf Basin[J].Chinese Journal of Geology,2008,43(4):695-711.
[5] 全裕科,丁文龙,余腾孝,等.塔里木盆地巴楚隆起同岗断裂封闭性综合评价[J].石油与天然气地质,2008,29(6):769-773.QUAN Yuke,DING Wenlong,YU Tengxiao,et al.Comprehensive evaluation of sealing ability of Tonggang fault in the Bachu uplift of the Tarim basin[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2008,29(6):769-773.
[6] 付广,任述民,赵荣.利用声波时差资料研究断层垂向封闭性的方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,1997,32(5):724-730.FU Guang,REN Shumin,ZHAO Rong.A method for analysing vertical sealing of fault by acoustilog data[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,1997,32(5):724-730.
[7] 付广,陈章明,王朋岩,等.利用测井资料综合评价泥质岩盖层封闭性的方法及应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,1997,32(2):271-276,302.FU Guang,CHEN Zhangming,WANG Pengyan,et al.A method for comprehensively evaluating the sealing ability of overlying mudstone by analysing log data,and its application effect[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,1997,32(2):271-276,302.
[8] 付晓飞,吕延防,付广,等.逆掩断层垂向封闭性定量模拟实验及评价方法[J].地质科学,2004,39(2):223-233.FU Xiaofei,LYU Yanfang,FU Guang,et al.Quantitative simulation experiment and evaluation method for vertical seal of overthrust[J].Chinese Journal of Geology,2004,39(2):223-233.
[9] 付广,祝彦贺,付晓飞,等.F1断裂在克拉2气田形成与保存中的作用[J].新疆石油地质,2005,26(5):513-516.FU Guang,ZHU Yanhe,FU Xiaofei,et al.Effect of F1 fault on formation and preservation of Kela-2 Gas Field[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2005,26(5):513-516.
[10] 吕延防,万军,沙子萱,等.被断裂破坏的盖层封闭能力评价方法及其应用[J].地质科学,2008,43(1):162-174.LYU Yanfang,WAN Jun,SHA Zixuan,et al.Evaluation method for seal ability of cap rock destructed by faulting and its application[J].Chinese Journal of Geology,2008,43(1):162-174.
[11] 付晓飞,方德庆,吕延防,等.从断裂带内部结构出发评价断层垂向封闭性的方法[J].地球科学——中国地质大学学报,2005,30(3):328-336.FU Xiaofei,FANG Deqing,LYU Yanfang,et al.Method of evaluating vertical sealing of faults in terms of the internal structure of fault zones[J].Earth Science:Journal of China University of Geosciences,2005,30(3):328-336.
[12] 付广,王浩然,胡欣蕾.断层垂向封闭的断—储排替压力差法及其应用[J].石油学报,2014,35(4):685-691.FU Guang,WANG Haoran,HU Xinlei.Modification and application of fault-reservoir displacement pre-ssure differential method for vertical sealing of faults[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2014,35(4):685-691.
[13] 张姣,付广,宋戴雷.断—砂配置侧向分流输导油气的综合判别方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,2018,53(5):1041-1048.ZHANG Jiao,FU Guang,SONG Dailei.Lateral migration hydrocarbon identification in fault-sand configuration[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2018,53(5):1041-1048.
[14] 付广,王浩然,胡欣蕾,等.断裂带盖层油气封盖断接厚度下限的预测方法及其应用[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2015,39(3):30-37.FU Guang,WANG Haoran,HU Xinlei,et al.Prediction method and application of caprock faulted-contact thickness lower limit for oil-gas sealing in fault zone[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum (Edition of Natural Science),2015,39(3):30-37.
[15] 付广,韩刚,李世朝.断裂侧接输导油气运移部位预测方法及其应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2017,52(6):1298-1304.FU Guang,HAN Gang,LI Shizhao.A prediction method for fracture lateral-connected hydrocarbon migration[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2017,52(6):1298-1304.
[16] 张博为,付广,张居和,等.沿不同时期断裂运移的油气被泥岩盖层封闭所需条件的差异性——以三肇凹陷青一段和南堡凹陷5号构造东二段为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2017,38(1):22-28.ZHANG Bowei,FU Guang,ZHANG Juhe,et al.Analysis on the different sealing conditions required by mudstone caprock at different fault evolution stages:A case study on the 1st member of Qingshankou Formation in the Sanzhao Depression and 2nd member of Dongying Formation in the structure No.5 of the Nanpu Sag[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2017,38(1):22-28.
[17] 付广,杨勉,吕延防,等.断层古侧向封闭性定量评价方法及其应用[J].石油学报,2013,34(增刊1):78-83.FU Guang,YANG Mian,LYU Yanfang,et al.A quantitative evaluation method for ancient lateral sealing of fault[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2013,34(S1):78-83.
[18] 胡慧婷,王龙,刘岩,等.超压泥岩盖层中断层垂向封闭能力研究方法及其应用[J].石油与天然气地质,2014,35(3):359-364.HU Huiting,WANG Long,LIU Yan,et al.Research method of fault vertical sealing capacity in overpressure mudstone caprock and its application[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2014,35(3):359-364.
[19] 展铭望,付广.由地震资料预测断—盖配置有效封闭部位[J].石油地球物理勘探,2018,53(4):842-848.ZHAN Mingwang,FU Guang.Effective sealed part prediction in the fault-caprock configuration on seismic data[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2018,53(4):842-848.
[20] 付广,王明臣,李世朝.断层岩封闭性演化阶段确定方法及其应用[J].天然气工业,2017,37(10):11-16.FU Guang,WANG Mingchen,LI Shizhao.A method for determining the sealing capacity evolution stage of fault rocks and its application[J].Natural Gas Industry,2017,37(10):11-16.
[21] 付广,史集建,吕延防,等.断层岩古排替压力恢复及其封闭性能研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2013,42(6):996-1001.FU Guang,SHI Jijian,LYU Yanfang,et al.Study of ancient displacement pressure of fault rock recovery and its sealing characteristics[J].Journal of China University of Mining & Technology,2013,42(6):996-1001.
[22] 侯腱膨,王伟锋,焦健,等.断裂对泥岩盖层破坏程度综合定量研究方法及其应用[J].地质论评,2015,61(4):961-967.HOU Jianpeng,WANG Weifeng,JIAO Jian,et al.A comprehensive quantitative research method of destroy degree of faults to mudstone caprock and its application[J].Geological Review,2015,61(4):961-967.
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