玛咖对运动疲劳大鼠纹状体Glu、GABA含量以及PV阳性神经元和VGLUT1表达的影响
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摘要
采用高效液相色谱技术对灌胃玛咖(Maca)后运动疲劳大鼠纹状体Glu和GABA含量进行检测,并采用免疫荧光技术检测PV阳性神经元和VGLUT1的表达,探讨玛咖(Maca)对运动疲劳大鼠纹状体谷氨酸(Glu)和γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)含量以及小清蛋白(PV)阳性神经元和谷氨酸转运体1 (VGLUT1)表达的影响。结果表明:运动疲劳后大鼠纹状体Glu和GABA含量极显著升高(P<0.01),灌胃Maca后Glu和GABA含量极显著和显著降低(P<0.01和P<0.05)。运动疲劳后大鼠纹状体VGLUT1和PV阳性神经元表达均极显著增加(P<0.01),灌胃Maca后VGLUT1表达显著降低(P<0.05),PV阳性神经元表达有降低趋势(P>0.05)。结果提示:Maca可能通过抑制VGLUT1和PV阳性神经元的表达降低运动疲劳大鼠纹状体Glu和GABA的含量,并起到延缓运动疲劳的作用。
The aim of this paper was to investigate the effects of Maca on the contents of glutamate(Glu) and γ-aminobutyric acid(GABA) in striatum of rats with exercise fatigue, and the expression of(PV) positive neurons and glutamate transporter 1(VGLUT1).The content of Glu and GABA in rat striatum was determined by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC), and the expression of PV positive neurons and VGLUT1 in rat striatum was detected by immunofluorescence technique after the establishment of exercise fatigue model.The results show that the contents of Glu and GABA in rat striatum increased significantly after exercise fatigue(P<0.01), and the contents of Glu and GABA decreased significantly after gastric perfusion of Maca(P<0.01 and P<0.05).After exercise fatigue, the expression of VGLUT1 and PV positive neurons in rat striatum was significantly increased(P<0.01).The expression of VGLUT1 was significantly decreased after gastric perfusion of Maca(P<0.05),and there was a tendency to decrease the expression of PV positive neurons(P>0.05).Supplementation of Maca could reduce the content of Glu and GABA in striatum of exercise fatigue rats by inhibiting the expression of VGLUT1 and PV positive neurons, and play a role in delaying exercise fatigue.
The aim of this paper was to investigate the effects of Maca on the contents of glutamate(Glu) and γ-aminobutyric acid(GABA) in striatum of rats with exercise fatigue, and the expression of(PV) positive neurons and glutamate transporter 1(VGLUT1).The content of Glu and GABA in rat striatum was determined by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC), and the expression of PV positive neurons and VGLUT1 in rat striatum was detected by immunofluorescence technique after the establishment of exercise fatigue model.The results show that the contents of Glu and GABA in rat striatum increased significantly after exercise fatigue(P<0.01), and the contents of Glu and GABA decreased significantly after gastric perfusion of Maca(P<0.01 and P<0.05).After exercise fatigue, the expression of VGLUT1 and PV positive neurons in rat striatum was significantly increased(P<0.01).The expression of VGLUT1 was significantly decreased after gastric perfusion of Maca(P<0.05),and there was a tendency to decrease the expression of PV positive neurons(P>0.05).Supplementation of Maca could reduce the content of Glu and GABA in striatum of exercise fatigue rats by inhibiting the expression of VGLUT1 and PV positive neurons, and play a role in delaying exercise fatigue.
引文
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[24] SHARIFULLINA E,NISTRI A.Glutamate uptake block triggers deadly rhythmic bursting of neonatal rat hypoglossal motoneurons[J].The Journal of Physiology,2006,572(Pt2):407-423.
[25] MEHTA A,PRABHAKAR M,KUMAR P,et al.Excitotoxicity:bridge to various triggers in neurodegenerative disorders[J].European Journal of Pharmacology,2013,698(1/2/3):6-18.
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[27] 杨婷婷.浅析现代运动性疲劳的中枢疲劳机制[C]//2017年中国生理学会运动生理学专业委员会会议暨“学生体质健康与运动生理学”学术研讨会论文集.2017:247.
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[30] SHEN W,FLAJOLET M,GREENGARD P,et al.Dichotomous dopaminergic control of striatal synaptic plasticity[J].Science,2008,321(5890):848-851.
[31] HATZIPETROS T,YAMAMOTO B K.Dopaminergic and GABAergic modulation of glutamate release from rat subthalamic nucleus efferents to the substantia nigra[J].Brain Research,2006,1076(1):60-67.
[32] TAKAMORI S,RHEE J S,ROSENMUND C,et al.Identification of a vesicular glutamate transporter that defines a glutamatergic phenotype in neurons[J].Nature,2000,407(6801):189-194.
[33] 程肖蕊,周文霞,张永祥.囊泡谷氨酸转运体与神经系统疾病[J].中国药理学通报,2009,25(3):290-294.
[34] KANEKO T,FUJIYAMA F.Complementary distribution of vesicular glutamate transporters in the central nervous system[J].Neuroscience Research,2002,42(4):243-250.
[35] FREMEAU J R,KAM K,QURESHI T,et al.Vesicular glutamate transporters 1 and 2 target to functionally distinct synaptic release sites[J].Science,2004,304(5678):1815-1819.
[36] SCONCE M D,CHURCHILL M J,GREENE R E,et al.Intervention with exercise restores motor deficits but not nigrostriatal loss in a progressive MPTP mouse model of Parkinson′s disease[J].Neuroscience,2015,299:156-174.
[37] KASHANI A,BETANCUR C,GIROS B,et al.Altered expression of vesicular glutamate transporters VGLUT1 and VGLUT2 in Parkinson disease[J].Neurobiology of Aging,2007,28(4):568-578.
[38] MOYER C E,HIOLSKI E M,MARCINEK D J,et al.Repeated low level domoic acid exposure increases CA1 VGluT1 levels,but not bouton density,VGluT2 or VGAT levels in the hippocampus of adult mice[J].Harmful Algae,2018,79,74-86.
[39] KAWAGUCHI Y,WILSON C J,AUGOOD S J,et al.Striatal interneurones:chemical,physiological and morphological characterization[J].Trends in Neuroscience,1995,18(12):527-535.
[40] KOO S T,TEPPER J M.Inhibitory control of neostriatal projection neurons by GABAergic interneurons[J].Nature Neuroscience,1999,2(5):467-472.
[41] GITTIS A H,NELSON A B,THWIN M T,et al.Distinct roles of GABAergic interneurons in the regulation of striatal output pathways[J].Journal of Neuroscience,2010,30(6):2223-2234.
[42] 崔书强,刘晓莉,乔德才,等.力竭运动对大鼠前额叶皮层小清蛋白阳性神经元及NMDAR2B表达的影响[J].中国运动医学杂志,2017,36(3):189-194.
[43] MALLET N,LE MOINE C,CHARPIER S,et al.Feedforward inhibition of projection neurons by fast-spiking GABA interneurons in the rat striatum in vivo[J].Journal of Neuroscience,2005,25(15):3857-3869.
[44] 王志锋.eCBs介导的大鼠皮层-纹状体Glu通路传递效能对运动疲劳的调控作用[D].北京:北京师范大学,2018.
[45] GITTIS A H,HANG G B,LADOW E S,et al.Rapid target-specific remodeling of fast-spiking inhibitory circuits after loss of dopamine[J].Neuron,2011,71(5):858-868.
[2] DAVIS J M,BAILEY S P.Possible mechanisms of central nervous system fatigue during exercise[J].Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise,1997,29(1):45-57.
[3] DAVIS J M,ALDERSON N L,WELSH R S.Serotonin and central nervous system fatigue:nutritional considerations[J].American Journal of Clinical Nutrition,2000,72(s2):573-578.
[4] MEEUSEN R,WATSON P,HASEGAWA H,et al.Brain neurotransmitters in fatigue and overtraining[J].Applied Physiology,Nutrition,and Metabolism,2007,32(5):857-864.
[5] NYBO L,SECHER N H.Cerebral perturbations provoked by prolonged exercise[J].Progress in Neurobiology,2004,72(4):223-261.
[6] WICKENS J R,HORVITZ J C,COSTA R M,et al.Dopaminergic mechanisms in actions and habits[J].Journal of Neuroscience,2007,27(31):8181-8183.
[7] DELUCA J,GENOVA H M,CAPILI E J,et al.Functional neuroimaging of fatigue[J].Physical Medicine and rehabilitation Clinics of North America,2009,20(2):325-337.
[8] 乔德才,李许贞,刘晓莉,等.力竭运动过程中大鼠纹状体神经元局部场电活动的动态研究[J].中国运动医学杂志,2012,31(10):855-860.
[9] 乔德才,李许贞,杨东升,等.力竭运动前后活动大鼠纹状体谷氨酸和γ-氨基丁酸水平的动态变化[J].中国运动医学杂志,2011,30(10):921-925.
[10] HAROON E,FELGER J C,WOOLWINE B J,et al.Age-related increases in basal ganglia glutamate are associated with TNF-Alpha,reduced motivation and decreased psychomotor speed during IFN-alpha treatment:preliminary findings[J].Brain Behavior and Immunity,2015,46:17-22.
[11] CORSINI S,TORTORA M,NISTRI A.Nicotinic receptor activation contrasts pathophysiological bursting and neurodegeneration evoked by glutamate uptake block on rat hypoglossal motoneurons [J].The Journal of Physiology,2016,594(22):6777-6798.
[12] MEHTA A,PRABHAKAR M,KUMAR P,et al.Excitotoxicity:bridge to various triggers in neurodegenerative disorders[J].European Journal of Pharmacology,2013,698(1/2/3):6-18.
[13] GONZALES G F,GASCOT M,MALHEIROS-PEREIRA A,et al.Antagonistic effect of Lepidium meyenii (red maca)on prostatic hyperplasia in adult mice[J].Andrologia,2008,40(3):179-185.
[14] LI Y,XIN Y,XU F,et al.Maca polysaccharides:Extraction optimization,structural features and anti-fatigue activities[J].International Journal of Biological Macromolecules,2018,115:618-624.
[15] LI Y,XU F,ZHENG M,et al.Maca polysaccharides:a review of compositions,isolation,therapeutics and prospects[J].International Journal of Biological Macromolecules,2018,111:894-902.
[16] PINO-FIGUEROA A,NGUYEN D,MAHER T J.Neuroprotective effects of Lepidium meyenii (Maca)[J].Annals of The New York Academy of Sciences,2010,1199:77-85.
[17] AI Z,CHENG A F,YU Y T,et al.Antidepressant-like behavioral,anatomical,and biochemical effects of petroleum ether extract from maca(Lepidium meyenii) in mice exposed to chronic unpredictable mild stress[J].Journal of Medicinal Food,2014,17(5):535-542.
[18] YU F R,YANG B,LI Z P,et al.Effects of the maca extract on the ultrastructures of mitochondria in the spinal nerve cell and exercise endurance[J].Zhongguo Ying Yong Sheng Li Xue Za Zhi,2017,33(6):535-538.
[19] 王珂,张晓琴,刘军,等.沙苑子对运动训练大鼠脑组织的保护作用及机制[J].陕西师范大学学报(自然科学版),2018,46(5):120-124.
[20] ZWARTS M J,BLEIJENBERG G,VAN ENGELEN B G.Clinical neurophysiology of fatigue[J].Clinical Neurophysiology,2008,119(1):2-10.
[21] TRUSEL M,CAVACCINI A,GRITTI M,et al.Coordinated regulation of synaptic plasticity at striatopallidal and striatonigral neurons orchestrates motor control[J].Cell Reports,2015,13(7):1353-1365.
[22] CALABRESI P,PICCONI B,TOZZI A,et al.Dopamine-mediated regulation of corticostriatal synaptic plasticity[J].Trends in Neurosciences,2007,30(5):211-219.
[23] GUEZENNEC C Y,ABDELMALKI A,SERRURIER B,et al.Effects of prolonged exercise on brain ammonia and amino acids[J].International Journal of Sports Medicine,1998,19(5):323-327.
[24] SHARIFULLINA E,NISTRI A.Glutamate uptake block triggers deadly rhythmic bursting of neonatal rat hypoglossal motoneurons[J].The Journal of Physiology,2006,572(Pt2):407-423.
[25] MEHTA A,PRABHAKAR M,KUMAR P,et al.Excitotoxicity:bridge to various triggers in neurodegenerative disorders[J].European Journal of Pharmacology,2013,698(1/2/3):6-18.
[26] 潘含.力竭运动恢复期大鼠纹状体DA含量及其受体相对表达量的变化[D].南京:南京体育学院,2015.
[27] 杨婷婷.浅析现代运动性疲劳的中枢疲劳机制[C]//2017年中国生理学会运动生理学专业委员会会议暨“学生体质健康与运动生理学”学术研讨会论文集.2017:247.
[28] WU Y W,KIM J I,TAWFIK V L,et al.Input-and cell-type-specific endocannabinoid-dependent LTD in the striatum[J].Cell Reports,2015,10(1):75-87.
[29] KREITZER A C,MALENKA R C.Endocannabinoid-mediated rescue of striatal LTD and motor deficits in Parkinson′s disease models[J].Nature,2007,445(7128):643-647.
[30] SHEN W,FLAJOLET M,GREENGARD P,et al.Dichotomous dopaminergic control of striatal synaptic plasticity[J].Science,2008,321(5890):848-851.
[31] HATZIPETROS T,YAMAMOTO B K.Dopaminergic and GABAergic modulation of glutamate release from rat subthalamic nucleus efferents to the substantia nigra[J].Brain Research,2006,1076(1):60-67.
[32] TAKAMORI S,RHEE J S,ROSENMUND C,et al.Identification of a vesicular glutamate transporter that defines a glutamatergic phenotype in neurons[J].Nature,2000,407(6801):189-194.
[33] 程肖蕊,周文霞,张永祥.囊泡谷氨酸转运体与神经系统疾病[J].中国药理学通报,2009,25(3):290-294.
[34] KANEKO T,FUJIYAMA F.Complementary distribution of vesicular glutamate transporters in the central nervous system[J].Neuroscience Research,2002,42(4):243-250.
[35] FREMEAU J R,KAM K,QURESHI T,et al.Vesicular glutamate transporters 1 and 2 target to functionally distinct synaptic release sites[J].Science,2004,304(5678):1815-1819.
[36] SCONCE M D,CHURCHILL M J,GREENE R E,et al.Intervention with exercise restores motor deficits but not nigrostriatal loss in a progressive MPTP mouse model of Parkinson′s disease[J].Neuroscience,2015,299:156-174.
[37] KASHANI A,BETANCUR C,GIROS B,et al.Altered expression of vesicular glutamate transporters VGLUT1 and VGLUT2 in Parkinson disease[J].Neurobiology of Aging,2007,28(4):568-578.
[38] MOYER C E,HIOLSKI E M,MARCINEK D J,et al.Repeated low level domoic acid exposure increases CA1 VGluT1 levels,but not bouton density,VGluT2 or VGAT levels in the hippocampus of adult mice[J].Harmful Algae,2018,79,74-86.
[39] KAWAGUCHI Y,WILSON C J,AUGOOD S J,et al.Striatal interneurones:chemical,physiological and morphological characterization[J].Trends in Neuroscience,1995,18(12):527-535.
[40] KOO S T,TEPPER J M.Inhibitory control of neostriatal projection neurons by GABAergic interneurons[J].Nature Neuroscience,1999,2(5):467-472.
[41] GITTIS A H,NELSON A B,THWIN M T,et al.Distinct roles of GABAergic interneurons in the regulation of striatal output pathways[J].Journal of Neuroscience,2010,30(6):2223-2234.
[42] 崔书强,刘晓莉,乔德才,等.力竭运动对大鼠前额叶皮层小清蛋白阳性神经元及NMDAR2B表达的影响[J].中国运动医学杂志,2017,36(3):189-194.
[43] MALLET N,LE MOINE C,CHARPIER S,et al.Feedforward inhibition of projection neurons by fast-spiking GABA interneurons in the rat striatum in vivo[J].Journal of Neuroscience,2005,25(15):3857-3869.
[44] 王志锋.eCBs介导的大鼠皮层-纹状体Glu通路传递效能对运动疲劳的调控作用[D].北京:北京师范大学,2018.
[45] GITTIS A H,HANG G B,LADOW E S,et al.Rapid target-specific remodeling of fast-spiking inhibitory circuits after loss of dopamine[J].Neuron,2011,71(5):858-868.
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