昌宁-孟连杂岩带澜沧岩群的岩石学、地球化学和变质演化及其对古特提斯构造演化的启示
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摘要
云南三江地区昌宁-孟连杂岩带中的澜沧岩群内出露多种类型变沉积岩,主要包括含十字蓝晶石榴云母片岩、石榴云母片岩、硬绿泥石白云母片岩和绿泥蓝闪钠长片岩等。系统的岩相学观察、矿物化学和相平衡模拟研究结果表明,不同类型的变沉积岩保存了不同的变质演化历史。含十字蓝晶石榴云母片岩记录了自中温榴辉岩相降温降压至角闪岩相的退变质过程,峰期矿物组合为石榴子石+蓝晶石+多硅白云母+硬玉,变质温压条件为600～750℃和19～30kbar。通过石榴子石的X_(Prp)和X_(Grs),和多硅白云母的Si值限定石榴云母片岩的峰期矿物组合包括石榴子石+多硅白云母+绿辉石+硬柱石+钠云母,峰期温压条件为430～475℃和17～19.5kbar。硬绿泥石白云母片岩矿物组成包括硬绿泥石+多硅白云母+钠云母,然而峰期矿物组合则以多硅白云母+钠云母+纤柱石为特征,通过多硅白云母的Si值限定峰期温压条件约为300～330℃和17～19kbar。石榴云母片岩和硬绿泥石白云母片岩较为一致地记录了从峰期硬柱石蓝片岩相升温降压至绿帘石蓝片岩相的退变质过程。绿泥蓝闪钠长片岩主要通过变质反应和成因矿物学特征大致估算其温压条件约为430～520℃和9～11kbar。岩石地球化学性质研究结果表明,这些变沉积岩的平均化学成分与大陆岛弧、活动大陆边缘和上地壳沉积物成分较为接近,其原岩主要为一套成熟度较差的泥砂质岩类和少量的中基性火山岩。该泥砂质原岩的沉积物源以中酸性岩浆岩为主,存在不同程度古老沉积物的加入。构造判别图解表明,研究区样品主要形成于大陆岛弧或活动大陆边缘的构造背景。变质作用特征和原岩地球化学属性综合分析表明,昌宁-孟连杂岩带内大面积分布的澜沧岩群均发生不同程度的俯冲-消减过程,表现出多样的变质演化P-T轨迹的特征,表明澜沧岩群经历了多期/多阶段复杂的构造演化历史。
Lancang Group within the Changning-Menglian complex belt in the Sanjiang area,Yunnan Province involves many kinds of meta-sediments,including staurolite-kyanite-bearing garnet-mica schist,garnet-mica schist,chloritoid-white mica schist and chlorite-glaucophane-albite schist.Detailed petrographic observation,mineral chemistry analysis and phase equilibrium modelling have shown that these meta-sediments preserve distinctly metamorphic evolutions.The staurolite-kyanite-bearing garnet-mica schist records the decompression and cooling histories related to retrograded metamorphic processes from middle-temperature eclogite facies to amphibolite facies with a peak mineral assemblage of garnet+kyanite+phengite+jadeite formed at the P-T condition of about 19～30kbar and 600～750℃.For the garnet-mica schist,the peak metamorphic mineral association constrained by X_(Prp)and X_(Grs)in garnet,and Si content in phengite includes garnet+phengite+omphacite+lawsonite+paragonite and the related P-T condition is around 17～19.5kbar and 430～475℃.The chloritoid-white mica schist is characterized by the mineral assemblage of chloritoid+phengite+paragonite+chlorite whereas the peak mineral assemblage includes phengite+paragonite+carpholite.The peak P-T condition defined by Si content in phengite is limited in the range of 17～19kbar and 300～330℃.Both garnet-mica schist and chloritoid-white mica schist consistently record heating and decompression processes from lawsonite-blueschist facies to epidote-blueschist facies.Metamorphic reactions and mineralogy of chlorite-glaucophane-albite schist roughly give the P-T condition of 9～11kbar and 430～520℃.Studies on the geochemistry of Lancang Group reveal that these meta-sediments show the geochemistry affinity to the continental arc,active continental margin and upper crust sediments.The protoliths are mainly mud rock and sandstone with low maturity and a little of mafic-intermediate volcanic rock.The sediment sources are predominantly intermediate-acid magmatic rocks with old sedimentary contamination to different degree.Tectonic discrimination diagrams show that meta-sediments in the Lancang Group are mainly derived from the continental island arc or active continental margin tectonic setting.Combined with the metamorphism and geochemistry characteristics of these rocks in the Changning-Menglian complex belt,it is therefore inferred that the meta-sediments of Lancang Group display various metamorphic evolutions.Lancang Group are considered to have experienced multi-phase/stage and complex tectonic evolution histories.
Lancang Group within the Changning-Menglian complex belt in the Sanjiang area,Yunnan Province involves many kinds of meta-sediments,including staurolite-kyanite-bearing garnet-mica schist,garnet-mica schist,chloritoid-white mica schist and chlorite-glaucophane-albite schist.Detailed petrographic observation,mineral chemistry analysis and phase equilibrium modelling have shown that these meta-sediments preserve distinctly metamorphic evolutions.The staurolite-kyanite-bearing garnet-mica schist records the decompression and cooling histories related to retrograded metamorphic processes from middle-temperature eclogite facies to amphibolite facies with a peak mineral assemblage of garnet+kyanite+phengite+jadeite formed at the P-T condition of about 19～30kbar and 600～750℃.For the garnet-mica schist,the peak metamorphic mineral association constrained by X_(Prp)and X_(Grs)in garnet,and Si content in phengite includes garnet+phengite+omphacite+lawsonite+paragonite and the related P-T condition is around 17～19.5kbar and 430～475℃.The chloritoid-white mica schist is characterized by the mineral assemblage of chloritoid+phengite+paragonite+chlorite whereas the peak mineral assemblage includes phengite+paragonite+carpholite.The peak P-T condition defined by Si content in phengite is limited in the range of 17～19kbar and 300～330℃.Both garnet-mica schist and chloritoid-white mica schist consistently record heating and decompression processes from lawsonite-blueschist facies to epidote-blueschist facies.Metamorphic reactions and mineralogy of chlorite-glaucophane-albite schist roughly give the P-T condition of 9～11kbar and 430～520℃.Studies on the geochemistry of Lancang Group reveal that these meta-sediments show the geochemistry affinity to the continental arc,active continental margin and upper crust sediments.The protoliths are mainly mud rock and sandstone with low maturity and a little of mafic-intermediate volcanic rock.The sediment sources are predominantly intermediate-acid magmatic rocks with old sedimentary contamination to different degree.Tectonic discrimination diagrams show that meta-sediments in the Lancang Group are mainly derived from the continental island arc or active continental margin tectonic setting.Combined with the metamorphism and geochemistry characteristics of these rocks in the Changning-Menglian complex belt,it is therefore inferred that the meta-sediments of Lancang Group display various metamorphic evolutions.Lancang Group are considered to have experienced multi-phase/stage and complex tectonic evolution histories.
引文
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