基于斯通利波能量衰减的裂缝渗透性评价方法研究
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摘要
塔里木库车地区气藏目的层主要为致密砂砾储层,裂缝是流体主要的运移通道.该地区多采用油基泥浆钻井,导致电成像效果差,降低裂缝有效性评价精度.斯通利波对井中流体运动的敏感性,为利用斯通利波评价裂缝渗透性提供了可能:阵列声波资料提取的斯通利波能量经归一化后计算衰减系数,然后根据实验得到的衰减系数与裂缝宽度的关系反演出裂缝宽度,同时根据裂缝宽度、裂缝倾角反演得到裂缝渗透率.结果表明,水基泥浆井中利用该方法反演得到的衰减系数、裂缝宽度、裂缝渗透率曲线与电成像解释成果图对应良好,在裂缝发育段曲线呈现明显高值,在裂缝不发育段呈现低值;同时与试油结果吻合,可以用来评价裂缝渗透性.最后将该法推广到油基泥浆井中,结合电成像测井可提高裂缝有效性评价的精度.
The target stratum of Kuche area in Tarim is main of fractured dense sand reservoir. The main migration pathway of fluid is effective fracture. It's hard to use routine logging data accurate to evaluate the fracture effectiveness. The sensibility of The stone wave energy to the fluid motion in well makes the evaluate of fracture permeability possible. Article uses the normalized stone wave energy from array acoustic wave data to calculate the attenuation coefficient. Then we invert the crack width from the relation between the attenuation coefficient of the experiment and the crack width. At the same time, we can invert the fracture permeability from crack width and fracture dip. It turned out that the attenuation coefficient, crack width and fracture permeability curve are good corresponding to the electric imaging interpretation graph in water-base mud well. In the period of fracture development, the curve is significantly higher, and in the period of fracture non-development, the curve is significantly lower. Meanwhile the result coincides with actual potential test result. It can be sued to evaluate the fracture permeability.
The target stratum of Kuche area in Tarim is main of fractured dense sand reservoir. The main migration pathway of fluid is effective fracture. It's hard to use routine logging data accurate to evaluate the fracture effectiveness. The sensibility of The stone wave energy to the fluid motion in well makes the evaluate of fracture permeability possible. Article uses the normalized stone wave energy from array acoustic wave data to calculate the attenuation coefficient. Then we invert the crack width from the relation between the attenuation coefficient of the experiment and the crack width. At the same time, we can invert the fracture permeability from crack width and fracture dip. It turned out that the attenuation coefficient, crack width and fracture permeability curve are good corresponding to the electric imaging interpretation graph in water-base mud well. In the period of fracture development, the curve is significantly higher, and in the period of fracture non-development, the curve is significantly lower. Meanwhile the result coincides with actual potential test result. It can be sued to evaluate the fracture permeability.
引文
Chen Y,Tan M J.2003.Fracture Detection and Identification Using Logging Techniques [J].WLT.(in Chinese),27(Suppl):11-14.
Li J Y,Xia N,Qin Q R.2007.Fracture and Gas bearing Evaluation of Tight Clastic Reservoir with Image Logging [J].WLT.(in Chinese),31(1):17-20.
Liu J W.2005.Calculating Mechanics Parameters and Identifying Fractures With Multi polar Array Acoustic Log Data in Hard Formation [J].WLT (in Chinese),29(2):137-140.
LIU X W,DONG N,LIU Y W.2015.Progress on frequency-dependent AVAZ inversion for characterization of fractured porous media [J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum (in Chinese),54(2):210-217.
Van Golf-racht T D.1989.Foundation of fractured reservoir engineering [M].Chen Zhongxiang,Jin Lingnian,Qin tongluo translator.Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,102-107.
Wang K X,Dong Q D.1986.Theoretical analysis and calculation of sound field in oil well surrounded by a permeable formation [J].Acta Petrolei Sinica (in Chinese),7(1):59- 69.
Williams D M,Zemanek J,Arigona F A,et al.1984.The long spaced acoustic logging tool [A].SPWLA 25th Annual Logging Symposium [C].New Orleans,10-13.
Winkler K W,Liu H L,Johnson D L.1989.Permeability and borehole Stoneley waves:Comparison between experiment and theory [J].Geophysics,54(1):66-75.
Wu X Y,Wang K X,Guo L,et al.1995.Research of the method and application of using acoustic full wave logging data to calculate the permeability of reservoir [J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics (in Chinese),38(Suppl):224-231.
Yang T B.1998.Evaluating the Effective Fracture with Stoneley Wave [J].WLT.(in Chinese),22(2):132-136.
Zhang C G,Xiao C W.2008.Full Wave Acoustic Logging Response Characteristics and Application Research of Interpretation [M].Wuhan:Hubei Science and Technology Press,104-106.
陈莹,谭茂金.2003.利用测井技术识别和探测裂缝[J].测井技术,27(增刊1):11-14.
李佳阳,夏宁,秦启荣.2007.成像测井评价致密碎屑岩储层的裂缝与含气性[J].测井技术,31(1):17-20.
刘景武.2005.硬地层中用多极子阵列声波资料计算力学参数及识别裂缝[J].测井技术,29(2):137-140.
刘喜武,董宁,刘宇巍.2015.裂缝性孔隙介质频变AVAZ反演方法研究进展[J].石油物探,54(2):210-217.
高尔夫-拉特.1989.裂缝油藏工程基础[M].陈钟祥,金玲年,秦同洛,译.北京:石油工业出版社,102-107.
王克协,董庆德.1986.渗透性地层油井中声场的理论分析与计算[J].石油学报,7(1):59- 69.
伍先运,王克协,郭立,等.1995.利用声全波测井资料求取储层渗透率的方法与应用研究[J].地球物理学报,38(增刊1):224-231.
杨唐斌.1998.用斯通利波评价裂缝的有效性[J].测井技术,22(2):132-136.
章成广,肖承文,李维彦.2008.声波全波列测井响应特征及应用解释研究[M].武汉:湖北科学技术出版社,104-106.
Li J Y,Xia N,Qin Q R.2007.Fracture and Gas bearing Evaluation of Tight Clastic Reservoir with Image Logging [J].WLT.(in Chinese),31(1):17-20.
Liu J W.2005.Calculating Mechanics Parameters and Identifying Fractures With Multi polar Array Acoustic Log Data in Hard Formation [J].WLT (in Chinese),29(2):137-140.
LIU X W,DONG N,LIU Y W.2015.Progress on frequency-dependent AVAZ inversion for characterization of fractured porous media [J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum (in Chinese),54(2):210-217.
Van Golf-racht T D.1989.Foundation of fractured reservoir engineering [M].Chen Zhongxiang,Jin Lingnian,Qin tongluo translator.Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,102-107.
Wang K X,Dong Q D.1986.Theoretical analysis and calculation of sound field in oil well surrounded by a permeable formation [J].Acta Petrolei Sinica (in Chinese),7(1):59- 69.
Williams D M,Zemanek J,Arigona F A,et al.1984.The long spaced acoustic logging tool [A].SPWLA 25th Annual Logging Symposium [C].New Orleans,10-13.
Winkler K W,Liu H L,Johnson D L.1989.Permeability and borehole Stoneley waves:Comparison between experiment and theory [J].Geophysics,54(1):66-75.
Wu X Y,Wang K X,Guo L,et al.1995.Research of the method and application of using acoustic full wave logging data to calculate the permeability of reservoir [J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics (in Chinese),38(Suppl):224-231.
Yang T B.1998.Evaluating the Effective Fracture with Stoneley Wave [J].WLT.(in Chinese),22(2):132-136.
Zhang C G,Xiao C W.2008.Full Wave Acoustic Logging Response Characteristics and Application Research of Interpretation [M].Wuhan:Hubei Science and Technology Press,104-106.
陈莹,谭茂金.2003.利用测井技术识别和探测裂缝[J].测井技术,27(增刊1):11-14.
李佳阳,夏宁,秦启荣.2007.成像测井评价致密碎屑岩储层的裂缝与含气性[J].测井技术,31(1):17-20.
刘景武.2005.硬地层中用多极子阵列声波资料计算力学参数及识别裂缝[J].测井技术,29(2):137-140.
刘喜武,董宁,刘宇巍.2015.裂缝性孔隙介质频变AVAZ反演方法研究进展[J].石油物探,54(2):210-217.
高尔夫-拉特.1989.裂缝油藏工程基础[M].陈钟祥,金玲年,秦同洛,译.北京:石油工业出版社,102-107.
王克协,董庆德.1986.渗透性地层油井中声场的理论分析与计算[J].石油学报,7(1):59- 69.
伍先运,王克协,郭立,等.1995.利用声全波测井资料求取储层渗透率的方法与应用研究[J].地球物理学报,38(增刊1):224-231.
杨唐斌.1998.用斯通利波评价裂缝的有效性[J].测井技术,22(2):132-136.
章成广,肖承文,李维彦.2008.声波全波列测井响应特征及应用解释研究[M].武汉:湖北科学技术出版社,104-106.
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