激光熔覆滑靴材料基体熔覆层裂纹的产生机理
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摘要
采用两层熔覆方式的激光熔覆技术在27SiMn钢表面熔覆铁基合金粉末,其激光工艺参数为:激光功率2300 W、熔覆速度16 mm/s、搭接率0.5。借助于光学显微镜和扫描电镜,从熔覆层厚度、组织形貌、析出相、元素偏析及裂纹扩展等方面,研究了裂纹产生机理。结果表明:元素偏析在熔覆层与基体的过渡区较为明显;熔覆层与基体的过渡区厚度大于第一层熔覆层与第二层熔覆层的过渡区的;激光熔覆过程中第一层熔覆层底部产生有较强取向性的粗大枝晶组织,裂纹易于在其上产生扩展且断裂类型为穿晶断裂。
Fe-based alloy powder was cladded on the surface of 27SiMn steel by laser cladding technique with two layer cladding methods. The laser technology parameters are that, the laser power is 2300 W, the cladding speed is 16 mm/s and the lap rate is 0.5. The formation mechanism of the crack was studied by optical microscope and scanning electron microscope from the aspects of cladding layer thickness, microstructure morphology, precipitated phase, segregation of elements and the crack propagation. The results show that obvious element segregation appears in the transition zone of the cladding layer and the matrix. The thickness of the transition zone between cladding layer and matrix is greater than that of the first layer cladding layer and the second layer cladding layer. The coarse dendritic structure with strong orientation appears at the bottom of the first layer of the laser cladding. The crack is easy to be extended and the propagation of the crack is dominated by transgranular fracture.
Fe-based alloy powder was cladded on the surface of 27SiMn steel by laser cladding technique with two layer cladding methods. The laser technology parameters are that, the laser power is 2300 W, the cladding speed is 16 mm/s and the lap rate is 0.5. The formation mechanism of the crack was studied by optical microscope and scanning electron microscope from the aspects of cladding layer thickness, microstructure morphology, precipitated phase, segregation of elements and the crack propagation. The results show that obvious element segregation appears in the transition zone of the cladding layer and the matrix. The thickness of the transition zone between cladding layer and matrix is greater than that of the first layer cladding layer and the second layer cladding layer. The coarse dendritic structure with strong orientation appears at the bottom of the first layer of the laser cladding. The crack is easy to be extended and the propagation of the crack is dominated by transgranular fracture.
引文
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[23]余廷,邓琦林,张伟,等.激光熔覆Ni Cr BSi合金涂层的裂纹形成机理[J].上海交通大学学报,2012,46(7):1043-1048.
[24]于承雪,景财年,李怀学.激光熔覆裂纹的形成机理及控制方法[J].航空制造技术,2012(4):75-78.
[25]黄尚猛.激光熔覆技术防开裂对策探讨[J].装备制造技术,2007(11):126-127.
[26]李振刚,彭波.激光熔覆层裂纹的形成机理及控制措施[J].材料保护,2016,49(11):61-64.
[27]陈列,谢沛霖.双向扫描激光熔覆止裂机理及实验分析[J].焊接学报,2011,32(2):65-68.
[2]袁庆龙,冯旭东,曹晶晶,等.激光熔覆技术研究进展[J].材料导报,2010,24(2):112-116.
[3]张艺,马志凯,孙铂,等.激光熔覆材料的研究现状及发展[J].热加工工艺,2015,44(14):40-44.
[4]张毅斌,熊征,童法松.脉冲CO2激光熔覆K403合金层工艺研究[J].材料开发与应用,2013,28(5):38-43.
[5]Xu G J, Kutsuna M, Liu Z J, et al.Characteristics of Ni-based coating layer formed by laser and plasma cladding process[J].Materials Science and Engineering:A,2006,417(1.2):33-72.
[6]Meng Q W, Geng L, Zhang B Y.Laser cladding of Ni-base composite coatings onto Ti26Al24V substrates with preplaced B4C+NiCrBSi powders[J].Surface and Coatings Technology,2006,200:4923-4928.
[7]崔岗,韩彬,崔娜,等.扫描速度对激光熔覆Ni基WC合金涂层组织与性能的影响[J].中国表面工程,2014,27(4):82-88.
[8]Jiang J, Zou J, Anjum M N, et al.Synthesis and characterization of wafer-like BiFeO3with efficient catalytic activity[J].Solid State Sci,2011,13(9):1779-1785.
[9]Jung R H, Tsuchiya H, Fujimoto S.XPS characterization of passive films formed on Type 304 stainless steel in humid atmosphere[J].Corrosion Science,2012,58(11):62-68.
[10]邱星武,李刚,邱玲.激光熔覆技术的发展现状[J].热处理技术与装备,2009,30(6):6-8.
[11]李晓薇,张春华,张松,等.激光熔覆技术的研究进展[J].激光杂志,2007,28(2):1-2.
[12]朱瑞芳,王贤良.滑靴工艺技术改进[J].热加工工艺,2006,35(8):71-76.
[13]王淑平,杨兆建.大型采煤机滑靴磨损机理分析[J].煤矿机械,2010(9):17-22.
[14]邹小斌,尹登科,谷建军.关于激光熔覆裂纹问题的研究[J].激光杂志,2010(5):44-47.
[15]齐勇田,曹润平,栗卓新.激光熔覆铁基合金涂层开裂行为及其产生机制[J].应用激光,2015,35(6):639-642.
[16]Hagedorn Y C, Balachandran N, Meiners W, et al.SLM of net-shaped high strength ceramics:New opportunities for producing dental restorations[C]//Proceedings of the Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium.Austin,TX,2011:8.
[17]Badrossamay M,Childs T H C.Further studies in selective laser melting of stainless and tool steel powders[J].International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture,2007,47(5):779-784.
[18]Zhou S, Zeng X, Hu Q, et al.Analysis of crack behavior for Ni-based WC composite coatings by laser cladding and crack-free realization[J].Applied Surface Science,2008,255(5):1646-1653.
[19]闫忠琳,叶宏.激光熔覆技术及其在模具中的应用[J].激光杂志,2006,27(2):73-74.
[20]武列润.激光熔覆技术及其应用(下)[J].金属加工,2012,15(2):37-39.
[21]Wang N, Zhu L, Wang D, et al.Sono-enhanced degradation of dye pollutants with the use of H2O2activated by Fe3O4magnetic nanoparticles as peroxidase mimetic[J].Ultrason Sonochem,2010,17(2):526-533.
[22]姚成武,徐滨士,黄坚,等.铁基合金激光熔覆层裂纹控制的组织设计[J].中国表面工程,2010(3):74-79.
[23]余廷,邓琦林,张伟,等.激光熔覆Ni Cr BSi合金涂层的裂纹形成机理[J].上海交通大学学报,2012,46(7):1043-1048.
[24]于承雪,景财年,李怀学.激光熔覆裂纹的形成机理及控制方法[J].航空制造技术,2012(4):75-78.
[25]黄尚猛.激光熔覆技术防开裂对策探讨[J].装备制造技术,2007(11):126-127.
[26]李振刚,彭波.激光熔覆层裂纹的形成机理及控制措施[J].材料保护,2016,49(11):61-64.
[27]陈列,谢沛霖.双向扫描激光熔覆止裂机理及实验分析[J].焊接学报,2011,32(2):65-68.
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