固体燃料类型及其燃烧行为对烧结过程NO_x排放的影响
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摘要
采用微型烧结燃烧装置考察了3种固体燃料的燃烧行为对烧结过程NO_x排放浓度、N元素转化率的影响规律,并通过烧结杯试验研究了NO_x排放和烧结矿质量指标的变化规律。研究结果表明:使用N含量低的无烟煤能有效降低烧结工序NO_x排放浓度和总量,但其N元素转化率却升高,且烧结矿质量指标受其低位热值的影响。因此,在选择固体燃料时,除了其N元素含量外,N元素转化率和低位热值等参数也应作为重要参考指标。
The influences of combustion behavior of three kinds of solid fuels on the NO_x concentration and conversion rate of N element were investigated using the micro sintering and combustion equipment. Then, the indexes of NO_x emission and sinter quality were studied by sinter pot test. The results indicate that the emission concentration and total amount of NO_x are reduced effectively using anthracite with low N content, whereas the conversion rate of N element increases. Moreover, sinter quality indexes are affected by the low calorific value of solid fuels. Hence, beside the N content of solid fuels, the conversion rate of N element and low calorific value of solid fuels should also be considered as main reference indexes when selecting solid fuels.
The influences of combustion behavior of three kinds of solid fuels on the NO_x concentration and conversion rate of N element were investigated using the micro sintering and combustion equipment. Then, the indexes of NO_x emission and sinter quality were studied by sinter pot test. The results indicate that the emission concentration and total amount of NO_x are reduced effectively using anthracite with low N content, whereas the conversion rate of N element increases. Moreover, sinter quality indexes are affected by the low calorific value of solid fuels. Hence, beside the N content of solid fuels, the conversion rate of N element and low calorific value of solid fuels should also be considered as main reference indexes when selecting solid fuels.
引文
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[20] Hida Y,Sasaki M,Ito K,et al.Effect of heat supply on the CO and NO formation in the sintering process of iron ores[J].Tetsu-to-Hagané,1981,67(16):2625.
[21] 陈彦广,王志,郭占成.焦粉改性降低烧结过程NOx排放的模拟[J].钢铁研究学报,2009,21(5):8.(Chen Y G,Wang Z,Guo Z C.Simulation of NOx reduction by using modified coke breeze during sintering process[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research,2009,21(5):8.)
[22] 陈彦广,郭占成,王志.烧结过程中CO还原NO的模拟研究[J].钢铁研究学报,2009,21(1):6.(Chen Y G,Guo Z C,Wang Z.Simulation of NO reduction by CO in sintering process[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research,2009,21(1):6.)
[23] 王春波,岳爽,许旭斌,等.O2/CO2气氛下煤焦恒温燃烧NOx释放特性[J].煤炭学报,2018,43(1):257.(Wang C B,Yue S,Xu X B,et al.NOx release of char in constant temperature combustion under O2/CO2 atmosphere[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2018,43(1):257.)
[24] Lázaro M J,Ibarra J,Moliner R,et al.The release of nitrogen during the combustion of coal chars:the role of volatile matter and surface area[J].Fuel,1996,75(8):1014.
[25] Hida Y,Ito K,Sasaki M.Influence of pore structure in coke on the CO and NO formation during coke combustion[J].Tetsu-to-Hagané,1981,67(11):1934.
[26] 吴胜利,阙志刚,苏博,等.铁矿烧结工艺料层内脱硝技术的研究进展[J].工程研究-跨学科视野中的工程,2017,9(1):61.(Wu S L,Que Z G,Su B,et al.Research progress of the “In-Bed-DeNOx” technology in iron ore sintering[J].Journal of Engineering Studies,2017,9(1):61.)
[27] 张军红,金永龙,孙家富,等.以煤代焦对烧结过程影响的研究[J].钢铁,2002,37(2):1.(Zhang J H,Jin Y L,Sun J H,et al.Study on effect of replacement of coke by coal on sintering process[J].Iron and Steel,2002,37(2):1.)
[2] 闫晓淼,李玉然,朱廷钰,等.钢铁烧结烟气多污染物排放及协同控制概述[J].环境工程技术学报,2015,5(2):85.(Yan X M,Li Y R,Zhu T Y,et al.Review of emission and simultaneous control of multiple pollutants from iron-steel sintering flue gas[J].Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology,2015,5(2):85.)
[3] Hida Y,Sasaki M,Enokido T,et al.Effect of the existing state of coke breeze in quasi-particles of raw mix on coke combustion in the sintering process[J].Tetsu-to-Hagané,1982,68(3):400.
[4] 张秀霞.焦炭燃烧过程中氮转化机理与低NOx燃烧技术的开发[D]//杭州:浙江大学,2012.(Zhang X X.Nitrogen conversion mechanism during char combustion and development of low NOx technology[D]//Hang zhou:Zhengjiang University,2012.)
[5] Kasai E,Wu S,Sugiyama T,et al.Combustion rate and NO emission during combustion of coke granules in packed beds[J].Tetsu-to-Hagané,1992,78(7):1005.
[6] 龙红明,肖俊军,李家新,等.烧结过程氮氧化物的生成机理与减排方法[C]//中国钢铁年会论文集.北京:中国金属学会,2013:597.(Long H M,Xiao J J,Li J X,et al.Formation mechanism and emission reduction methods of nitrogen oxides in sintering process[C]// Proceedings of China Iron and Steel Annual Meeting.Beijing:The Chinese Society for Metals,2013:597.)
[7] Ri D W,Chung B J,Choi E S.Effects of anthracite replacing coke breeze on iron ore sintering[J].Revue de Métallurgie,2008,105(5):248.
[8] Wu D,Lei J,Zheng B,et al.Nitrogen in Chinese coals[J].Chinese Journal of Geochemistry,2011,30(2):248.
[9] 张爱华,陶明信,刘朋阳,等.煤中氮的赋存状态与含量分布研究进展[J].煤田地质与勘探,2016,44(1):9.(Zhang A H,Tao M X,Liu P Y,et al.Advance of research on the occurrence state and content of nitrogen in coal[J].Coal Geology and Exploration,2016,44(1):9.)
[10] Kawaguchi T,Hara M.Utilization of biomass for iron ore sintering[J].ISIJ International,2013,53(9):1599.
[11] 杨阳.无烟煤和焦炭的NOx生成规律研究[J].能源工程,2016(1):37.(Yang Y.Study on NOx generation characteristics of the anthracite and coke[J].Energy Engineering,2016(1):37.)
[12] 金永龙.烧结过程中NOx的生成机理解析[J].烧结球团,2004,29(5):6.(Jin Y L.Analyses about the producing mechanism of NOx during sintering process[J].Sintering and Pelletizing,2004,29(5):6.)
[13] 苏玉栋.烧结主要工艺参数对烟气中NOx排放的影响研究[D]//上海:上海交通大学,2014.(Su Y D.Effect of main sintering process parameters on NOx emission of flue gas[D]//Shanghai:Shanghai Jiaotong University,2014.)
[14] Xu C,Wu S,Cang D.Numerieal modeling of NO formation during packed-bed combustion of coke granules[J].Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing,2000(4):261.
[15] 张典波,周茂军,王跃飞.宝钢烧结烟气NOx过程减排技术[J].炼铁,2015,34(6):47.(Zhang D B,Zhou M J,Wang Y F.NOx emission reduction technology for sintering flue gas in Baosteel[J].Iromaking,2015,34(6):47.)
[16] 吕薇.铁矿烧结过程NOx生成行为及其减排技术[D]//长沙:中南大学,2014.(Lü W.Formation behavior and emission reduction technology of NOx in sintering[D]//Changsha:Central South University,2014.)
[17] 岑可法,姚强,骆仲泱,等.高等燃烧学[M].杭州:浙江大学出版社,2002.(Cen K F,Yao Q,Luo Z Y,et al.Advanced Combustion Science[M].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University Press,2002.)
[18] Suzuki G,Ando R,Yoshikoshi H,et al.A study of the reduction of NOx in the waste gas from sinter plant[J].Tetsu-to-Hagané,1975,61(13):2775.
[19] Hida Y,Sasaki M,Ito K.Consideration on the CO and NO formation around the coke specimen during combustion[J].Tetsu-to-Hagané,1980,66(13):1801.
[20] Hida Y,Sasaki M,Ito K,et al.Effect of heat supply on the CO and NO formation in the sintering process of iron ores[J].Tetsu-to-Hagané,1981,67(16):2625.
[21] 陈彦广,王志,郭占成.焦粉改性降低烧结过程NOx排放的模拟[J].钢铁研究学报,2009,21(5):8.(Chen Y G,Wang Z,Guo Z C.Simulation of NOx reduction by using modified coke breeze during sintering process[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research,2009,21(5):8.)
[22] 陈彦广,郭占成,王志.烧结过程中CO还原NO的模拟研究[J].钢铁研究学报,2009,21(1):6.(Chen Y G,Guo Z C,Wang Z.Simulation of NO reduction by CO in sintering process[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research,2009,21(1):6.)
[23] 王春波,岳爽,许旭斌,等.O2/CO2气氛下煤焦恒温燃烧NOx释放特性[J].煤炭学报,2018,43(1):257.(Wang C B,Yue S,Xu X B,et al.NOx release of char in constant temperature combustion under O2/CO2 atmosphere[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2018,43(1):257.)
[24] Lázaro M J,Ibarra J,Moliner R,et al.The release of nitrogen during the combustion of coal chars:the role of volatile matter and surface area[J].Fuel,1996,75(8):1014.
[25] Hida Y,Ito K,Sasaki M.Influence of pore structure in coke on the CO and NO formation during coke combustion[J].Tetsu-to-Hagané,1981,67(11):1934.
[26] 吴胜利,阙志刚,苏博,等.铁矿烧结工艺料层内脱硝技术的研究进展[J].工程研究-跨学科视野中的工程,2017,9(1):61.(Wu S L,Que Z G,Su B,et al.Research progress of the “In-Bed-DeNOx” technology in iron ore sintering[J].Journal of Engineering Studies,2017,9(1):61.)
[27] 张军红,金永龙,孙家富,等.以煤代焦对烧结过程影响的研究[J].钢铁,2002,37(2):1.(Zhang J H,Jin Y L,Sun J H,et al.Study on effect of replacement of coke by coal on sintering process[J].Iron and Steel,2002,37(2):1.)
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