考虑锚固体不均匀及杆体脱黏效应的GFRP抗浮锚杆杆体荷载分布函数
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摘要
基于荷载传递理论及Kelvin位移解,推导得出理想条件下GFRP抗浮锚杆杆体与锚固体的剪应力、轴力沿锚固深度的分布函数,并通过对2根同型号GFRP抗浮锚杆的拉拔试验进行验证。试验结果表明:试验锚杆杆体轴力及剪应力分布曲线与理论值形式相似,证明提出理论方法应用于求解GFRP锚杆杆体荷载分布函数的可行性。但由于锚固体成型后的不均匀性及杆体的脱黏效应,导致试验剪应力值低于理论值且实际曲线主要分布范围较深,同时造成轴力下降较慢,消失深度较深的现象。通过固定脱黏长度下的平均剪应力衰减法及下移弹性段起点的方法对理想条件下的杆体剪应力分布函数进行修正,并利用杆体轴力分布与剪应力分布之间的函数关系,对理想条件下的轴力分布函数进行修正,修正后剪应力及轴力分布曲线精度大大提高。
On the basis of the load-transfer theory and Kelvin displacement solution,distribution functions of the axial force and shear stress of the GFRP anti-floating anchor rod body along the bolting depth under ideal conditions were deduced and verified through a pullout test for 2 GFRP anti-floating anchors with the same type.The test results show that the distribution curves of the axial force and shear stress are similar to the theoretical curves,which proves the practicability of the developed theory in solving the load-distribution function of the GFRP anchor rod body. Due to the unevenness of the anchorage body and debonding effect of the anchor,however,the test shear stress value is lower than the theoretical value and the main distribution range of the test shear stress is deeper. At the same time,the unevenness of the anchorage body and debonding effect of the anchor contribute to the phenomenon that the axial force decreases slowly and its disappearance depth is larger than the theoretical value. The theoretical distribution function of the shear stress was corrected by using the average shear stress attenuation method under the fixed debonding length and the method of moving down the elastic section,and the distribution function of the shear force was also amended through the functional relationship between the axial force and shear stress distributions. It is shown that the accuracy of the revised load-distribution curves is enhanced obviously.
On the basis of the load-transfer theory and Kelvin displacement solution,distribution functions of the axial force and shear stress of the GFRP anti-floating anchor rod body along the bolting depth under ideal conditions were deduced and verified through a pullout test for 2 GFRP anti-floating anchors with the same type.The test results show that the distribution curves of the axial force and shear stress are similar to the theoretical curves,which proves the practicability of the developed theory in solving the load-distribution function of the GFRP anchor rod body. Due to the unevenness of the anchorage body and debonding effect of the anchor,however,the test shear stress value is lower than the theoretical value and the main distribution range of the test shear stress is deeper. At the same time,the unevenness of the anchorage body and debonding effect of the anchor contribute to the phenomenon that the axial force decreases slowly and its disappearance depth is larger than the theoretical value. The theoretical distribution function of the shear stress was corrected by using the average shear stress attenuation method under the fixed debonding length and the method of moving down the elastic section,and the distribution function of the shear force was also amended through the functional relationship between the axial force and shear stress distributions. It is shown that the accuracy of the revised load-distribution curves is enhanced obviously.
引文
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[4]郑乔文,薛伟辰.粘砂变形GFRP筋的粘结滑移本构关系[J].工程力学,2008,25(9):162-169.(ZHENG Qiaowen,XUE Weichen.Constitutive relationship of bond-slip behavior of sand-coated deformed GFRP rebars[J].Engineering Mechanics,2008,25(9):162-169.(in Chinese))
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[6]SALCHER M,BERTUZZI R.Results of pull tests of rock bolts and cable bolts in Sydney sandstone and shale[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2018,74:60-70.
[7]朱鸿鹄,张诚成,施斌,等.GFRP锚杆拉拔时效模型研究[J].工程地质学报,2012,20(5):862-867.(ZHU Honghu,ZHANGChengcheng,SHI Bin,et al.Bond behavior of fiber reinforced polymer bars under direct pullout conditions[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2012,20(5):862-867.(in Chinese))
[8]许宏发,柏准,齐亮亮,等.基于全应力-应变曲线的软岩蠕变寿命估计[J].岩土力学,2018,39(6):1 973-1 980.(XU Hongfa,BAI Zhun,QI Liangliang,et al.Creep life estimation of soft rock based on the complete stress-strain curve[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2018,39(6):1 973-1 980.(in Chinese))
[9]KIM N K.Performance of tension and compression anchors in weathered soil[J].Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,2003,129(12):1 138-1 150.
[10]黄志怀,李国维,王思敬,等.不同围岩条件玻璃纤维增强塑料锚杆结构破坏机制现场试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(5):1 008-1 018.(HUANG Zhihuai,LI Guowei,WANG Sijing,et al.Field test on pullout behaviors of anchorage structures with glass fiber reinforced plastic rods for different surrounding rock masses[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(5):1 008-1 018.(in Chinese))
[11]白晓宇,张明义,朱磊,等.全长黏结GFRP抗浮锚杆界面剪切特性试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2018,37(6):1 407-1 418.(BAI Xiaoyu,ZHANG Mingyi,ZHU Lei,et al.Experimental study on shear characteristics of interface of full-bonding glass fiber reinforced polymer anti-floating anchors[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2018,37(6):1 407-1 418.(in Chinese))
[12]钟志彬,吕蕾,邓荣贵.考虑轴力分布的全长粘结锚杆受力分析[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2013,33(3):311-315.(ZHONG Zhibin,LV Lei,DENG Ronggui.Mechanical analysis of wholly grouted bolt considering axial distribution along the bars[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2013,33(3):311-315.(in Chinese))
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[14]王光钦.弹性力学[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,2008:178-179.(WANG Guangqin.Elastic mechanics[M].Beijing:China Railway Publishing House,2008:178-179.(in Chinese))
[15]COOKE R W,PRINCE G,TARR K J.Jacked pile in London clay:A study of load transfer and settlement under working conditions[J].Geotechnique,1979,29(2):113-147.
[16]张明义,寇海磊,白晓宇,等.玻璃纤维增强聚合物抗浮锚杆抗拔性能试验研究与机制分析[J].岩土力学,2014,35(4):1 069-1 076.(ZHANG Mingyi,KOU Hailei,BAI Xiaoyu,et al.Experimental study and mechanism on the anti-pulling behavior of glass fiber reinforced polymer anti-float anchor[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2014,35(4):1 069-1 076.(in Chinese))
[17]邱松,顾浩,曹进捷,等.FBG传感技术在混凝土预制桩水平载荷试验中的应用[J].岩土工程学报,2011,33(增2):105-107.(QIU Song,GU Hao,CAO Jinjie,et al.Application of FBG sensing technology in lateral load tests on precast concrete piles[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2011,33(Supp.2):105-107.(in Chinese))
[18]中华人民共和国行业标准编写组.JGJ120-2012建筑基坑支护技术规程[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2012.(The Professional Standards Compilation Group of People′s Republic of China.JGJ120-2012 Technical specification for retaining and protection of building foundation excavations[S].Beijing:China Architecture and Building Press,2012.(in Chinese))
[19]王军,曹平,林杭.锚土界面位移特征及其蠕变损伤耦合效应研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2018,47(2):289-295.(WANG Jun,CAO Ping,LING Hang.Characteristics of displacement on the interface between bolt and soil and damage transfer based on the coupling effect of creep and damage[J].Journal of China University of Mining and Technology,2018,47(2):289-295.(in Chinese))
[20]何思明,田金昌,周建庭.胶结式预应力锚索锚固段荷载传递特性研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(1):117-121.(HE Siming,TIAN Jinchang,ZHOU Jianting.Study on load transfer of bond prestressed anchor rope[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(1):117-121.(in Chinese))
[21]白晓宇,张明义,寇海磊.基于裸光纤光栅传感技术GFRP抗浮锚杆荷载传递机制的原位试验研究[J].工程力学,2015,32(8):172-181.(BAI Xiaoyu,ZHANG Mingyi,KOU Hailei.Field experimental study of load transfer mechanism of GFRP anti-floating anchors based on embedded bare fiber Bragg grating sensing technology[J].Engineering Mechanics,2015,32(8):172-181.(in Chinese))
[22]贾新,袁勇,李焯芬.新型玻璃纤维增强塑料砂浆锚杆的黏结性能试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(10):2 108-2 114.(JIA Xin,YUAN Yong,Chack-Fan Lee.Experimental study on bond behavior of new type cement grouted GFRP bolts[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(10):2 108-2 114.(in Chinese))
[23]白晓宇.GFRP抗浮锚杆锚固机理试验研究与理论分析[博士学位论文][D].青岛:青岛理工大学,2015.(BAI Xiaoyu.Experimental study and theoretical analysis on the anchoring mechanism for GFRPanti-floating anchor[Ph.D.Thesis][D].Qingdao:Qingdao University of Technology,2015.(in Chinese))
[24]WON J P,PARK C G,KIM H H,et al.Effect of fibers on the bonds between FRP reinforcing bars and high-strength concrete[J].Composites(Part B:Engineering),2008,39(5):747-755.
[25]尤春安.全长粘结式锚杆的受力分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2000,19(3):339-341.(YOU Chun'an.Mechanical analysis of fullygrouted anchor[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2000,19(3):339-341.(in Chinese))
[2]张明义,白晓宇,李伟伟.GFRP抗浮锚杆螺母托盘锚具外锚固性能试验[J].中南大学学报:自然科学版,2016,47(1):239-246.(ZHANG Mingyi,BAI Xiaoyu,LI Weiwei.Experiment on external anchorage performance for nut-pallet anchorage of GFRP anti-floating anchors[J].Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology,2016,47(1):239-246.(in Chinese))
[3]FAVA G,CARVELLI V,PISANI M A.Remarks on bond of GFRPrebars and concrete[J].Composites Part B:Engineering,2016,93:210-220.
[4]郑乔文,薛伟辰.粘砂变形GFRP筋的粘结滑移本构关系[J].工程力学,2008,25(9):162-169.(ZHENG Qiaowen,XUE Weichen.Constitutive relationship of bond-slip behavior of sand-coated deformed GFRP rebars[J].Engineering Mechanics,2008,25(9):162-169.(in Chinese))
[5]KIM Y S,SUNG H J,KIM H W,et al.Monitoring of tension force and load transfer of ground anchor by using optical FBG sensors embedded tendon[J].Smart Structures and Systems,2011,7(4):49-57.
[6]SALCHER M,BERTUZZI R.Results of pull tests of rock bolts and cable bolts in Sydney sandstone and shale[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2018,74:60-70.
[7]朱鸿鹄,张诚成,施斌,等.GFRP锚杆拉拔时效模型研究[J].工程地质学报,2012,20(5):862-867.(ZHU Honghu,ZHANGChengcheng,SHI Bin,et al.Bond behavior of fiber reinforced polymer bars under direct pullout conditions[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2012,20(5):862-867.(in Chinese))
[8]许宏发,柏准,齐亮亮,等.基于全应力-应变曲线的软岩蠕变寿命估计[J].岩土力学,2018,39(6):1 973-1 980.(XU Hongfa,BAI Zhun,QI Liangliang,et al.Creep life estimation of soft rock based on the complete stress-strain curve[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2018,39(6):1 973-1 980.(in Chinese))
[9]KIM N K.Performance of tension and compression anchors in weathered soil[J].Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,2003,129(12):1 138-1 150.
[10]黄志怀,李国维,王思敬,等.不同围岩条件玻璃纤维增强塑料锚杆结构破坏机制现场试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(5):1 008-1 018.(HUANG Zhihuai,LI Guowei,WANG Sijing,et al.Field test on pullout behaviors of anchorage structures with glass fiber reinforced plastic rods for different surrounding rock masses[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(5):1 008-1 018.(in Chinese))
[11]白晓宇,张明义,朱磊,等.全长黏结GFRP抗浮锚杆界面剪切特性试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2018,37(6):1 407-1 418.(BAI Xiaoyu,ZHANG Mingyi,ZHU Lei,et al.Experimental study on shear characteristics of interface of full-bonding glass fiber reinforced polymer anti-floating anchors[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2018,37(6):1 407-1 418.(in Chinese))
[12]钟志彬,吕蕾,邓荣贵.考虑轴力分布的全长粘结锚杆受力分析[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2013,33(3):311-315.(ZHONG Zhibin,LV Lei,DENG Ronggui.Mechanical analysis of wholly grouted bolt considering axial distribution along the bars[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2013,33(3):311-315.(in Chinese))
[13]SEED H B,REESE L C.The action of soft clay along friction piles[J].American Society of Civil Engineers Transactions,1957,122(1):731-754.
[14]王光钦.弹性力学[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,2008:178-179.(WANG Guangqin.Elastic mechanics[M].Beijing:China Railway Publishing House,2008:178-179.(in Chinese))
[15]COOKE R W,PRINCE G,TARR K J.Jacked pile in London clay:A study of load transfer and settlement under working conditions[J].Geotechnique,1979,29(2):113-147.
[16]张明义,寇海磊,白晓宇,等.玻璃纤维增强聚合物抗浮锚杆抗拔性能试验研究与机制分析[J].岩土力学,2014,35(4):1 069-1 076.(ZHANG Mingyi,KOU Hailei,BAI Xiaoyu,et al.Experimental study and mechanism on the anti-pulling behavior of glass fiber reinforced polymer anti-float anchor[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2014,35(4):1 069-1 076.(in Chinese))
[17]邱松,顾浩,曹进捷,等.FBG传感技术在混凝土预制桩水平载荷试验中的应用[J].岩土工程学报,2011,33(增2):105-107.(QIU Song,GU Hao,CAO Jinjie,et al.Application of FBG sensing technology in lateral load tests on precast concrete piles[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2011,33(Supp.2):105-107.(in Chinese))
[18]中华人民共和国行业标准编写组.JGJ120-2012建筑基坑支护技术规程[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2012.(The Professional Standards Compilation Group of People′s Republic of China.JGJ120-2012 Technical specification for retaining and protection of building foundation excavations[S].Beijing:China Architecture and Building Press,2012.(in Chinese))
[19]王军,曹平,林杭.锚土界面位移特征及其蠕变损伤耦合效应研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2018,47(2):289-295.(WANG Jun,CAO Ping,LING Hang.Characteristics of displacement on the interface between bolt and soil and damage transfer based on the coupling effect of creep and damage[J].Journal of China University of Mining and Technology,2018,47(2):289-295.(in Chinese))
[20]何思明,田金昌,周建庭.胶结式预应力锚索锚固段荷载传递特性研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(1):117-121.(HE Siming,TIAN Jinchang,ZHOU Jianting.Study on load transfer of bond prestressed anchor rope[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(1):117-121.(in Chinese))
[21]白晓宇,张明义,寇海磊.基于裸光纤光栅传感技术GFRP抗浮锚杆荷载传递机制的原位试验研究[J].工程力学,2015,32(8):172-181.(BAI Xiaoyu,ZHANG Mingyi,KOU Hailei.Field experimental study of load transfer mechanism of GFRP anti-floating anchors based on embedded bare fiber Bragg grating sensing technology[J].Engineering Mechanics,2015,32(8):172-181.(in Chinese))
[22]贾新,袁勇,李焯芬.新型玻璃纤维增强塑料砂浆锚杆的黏结性能试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(10):2 108-2 114.(JIA Xin,YUAN Yong,Chack-Fan Lee.Experimental study on bond behavior of new type cement grouted GFRP bolts[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(10):2 108-2 114.(in Chinese))
[23]白晓宇.GFRP抗浮锚杆锚固机理试验研究与理论分析[博士学位论文][D].青岛:青岛理工大学,2015.(BAI Xiaoyu.Experimental study and theoretical analysis on the anchoring mechanism for GFRPanti-floating anchor[Ph.D.Thesis][D].Qingdao:Qingdao University of Technology,2015.(in Chinese))
[24]WON J P,PARK C G,KIM H H,et al.Effect of fibers on the bonds between FRP reinforcing bars and high-strength concrete[J].Composites(Part B:Engineering),2008,39(5):747-755.
[25]尤春安.全长粘结式锚杆的受力分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2000,19(3):339-341.(YOU Chun'an.Mechanical analysis of fullygrouted anchor[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2000,19(3):339-341.(in Chinese))
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