12Cr5Mo耐热合金钢焊接工艺
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摘要
12Cr5Mo是一种具有粒状珠光体组织和少量铁素体,具有较好高温耐热性和高温抗氧化性的钢材,但钢材焊后淬硬倾向明显增大、冲击韧性降低,极易出现冷裂纹,焊接性能差,故对焊接工艺要求严格。介绍了耐热合金钢12Cr5Mo的化学成分、力学性能,根据12Cr5Mo的力学性能及焊接特点,选择了合适的焊接方法、填充金属、坡口形式及尺寸;通过焊前清理、焊接工艺参数的优化、预热温度及层间温度的控制以及接头焊后热处理,确保了焊缝质量。对12Cr5Mo焊接接头进行外观检测、无损检测、力学性能试验及焊接质量评价,表明上述焊接工艺可靠且满足设计文件要求。
12Cr5Mo is a kind of steel with granular pearlite structure and a small amount of ferrite, which has good heat resistance and oxidation resistance at high temperature. However, the hardening tendency of steel after welding is obviously increased and the impact toughness is decreased after welding, the cold crack is easy to occur, and the welding performance is poor. Therefore, the strict welding process is required. The chemical composition and mechanical properties of heat-resistant alloy steel 12Cr5Mo are introduced. According to the mechanical properties and welding characteristics of 12Cr5Mo, the suitable welding method, filling metal, groove form and size are selected. Through pre-welding cleaning, optimization of welding process parameters, controls of preheating temperature and interlayer temperature, as well as post-welding heat treatment of welded joint, the welding quality is ensured. The welding quality evaluation for 12Cr5Mo welded joint through appearance test, non-destructive test and mechanical property test shows that the welding process is reliable and meets the requirements of the design documents.
12Cr5Mo is a kind of steel with granular pearlite structure and a small amount of ferrite, which has good heat resistance and oxidation resistance at high temperature. However, the hardening tendency of steel after welding is obviously increased and the impact toughness is decreased after welding, the cold crack is easy to occur, and the welding performance is poor. Therefore, the strict welding process is required. The chemical composition and mechanical properties of heat-resistant alloy steel 12Cr5Mo are introduced. According to the mechanical properties and welding characteristics of 12Cr5Mo, the suitable welding method, filling metal, groove form and size are selected. Through pre-welding cleaning, optimization of welding process parameters, controls of preheating temperature and interlayer temperature, as well as post-welding heat treatment of welded joint, the welding quality is ensured. The welding quality evaluation for 12Cr5Mo welded joint through appearance test, non-destructive test and mechanical property test shows that the welding process is reliable and meets the requirements of the design documents.
引文
[1]陈祝年.焊接工程师手册[M].2版.北京:机械工业出版社,2004:1 009.
[2]金涛,闫斌,陈震雷.12Cr5Mo管道的焊接[J].金属加工(热加工),2012(8):38-39.
[3] GB 9948-2013,石油裂化用无缝钢管[S].
[4] GB 6479-2013,高压化肥设备用无缝钢管[S].
[5] GB/T20878-2007,不锈钢和耐热钢牌号及化学成分[S].
[6] GB/T 8110-2008,气体保护电弧焊用碳钢、低合金钢焊丝[S].
[7] GB/T5118-2012,热强钢焊条[S].
[8] GB 50540-2009.石油天然气站内管道工程施工规范[S].
[9] SIH/T 3520-2015,石油化工铬钼钢焊接规范[S].
[10] SH/T3554-2013,石油化工钢制管道焊接热处理规范[S].
[11] NB/T 47014-2011,承压设备焊接工艺评定[S].
[2]金涛,闫斌,陈震雷.12Cr5Mo管道的焊接[J].金属加工(热加工),2012(8):38-39.
[3] GB 9948-2013,石油裂化用无缝钢管[S].
[4] GB 6479-2013,高压化肥设备用无缝钢管[S].
[5] GB/T20878-2007,不锈钢和耐热钢牌号及化学成分[S].
[6] GB/T 8110-2008,气体保护电弧焊用碳钢、低合金钢焊丝[S].
[7] GB/T5118-2012,热强钢焊条[S].
[8] GB 50540-2009.石油天然气站内管道工程施工规范[S].
[9] SIH/T 3520-2015,石油化工铬钼钢焊接规范[S].
[10] SH/T3554-2013,石油化工钢制管道焊接热处理规范[S].
[11] NB/T 47014-2011,承压设备焊接工艺评定[S].
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