碳纤维和SiO_2纳米颗粒增强环氧树脂复合材料的压缩性能
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摘要
纤维增强聚合物复合材料的压缩性能与聚合物基体力学性质密切相关。本文利用连续碳纤维(CF)和含有均匀分散的SiO_2纳米颗粒改性的环氧树脂基体,制备了CF-nano SiO_2/Epoxy微纳米多相复合材料单向层合板,并对其轴向压缩性能进行了系统的研究。试验表明,将纳米颗粒引入基体能够有效提高纤维增强聚合物基复合材料的压缩强度,占nano SiO_2/Epoxy体积为8.7%的纳米颗粒可将复合材料的压缩强度提升约62.7%。基于单向层合板的弹塑性微屈曲模型对纳米颗粒的增强效应进行了理论分析。根据含纳米颗粒的环氧树脂在压缩过程中的损伤行为,提出了一套基于加卸载试验建立纳米复合材料基体压缩本构关系的方法。将模型获得的基体本构关系与经典复合材料弹塑性微屈曲模型耦合,能够较为准确地预测本研究制备的微纳米多相复合材料的压缩强度。经试验检验,预测结果与实测数值达到很好的一致性。
The compressive performance of fiber reinforced polymer composites is closed associated with the mechanical properties of polymer matrix.In this paper,unidirectional laminates of CF-nano SiO_2/Epoxy multi-phase reinforced composites have been prepared using continuous carbon fibers(CF)and epoxy matrix with uniformly-dispersed SiO_2 nanoparticles.The systematic experimental study has been carried out.It shows that the incorporation of nanoparticles into matrix contributes to the considerable enhancement of compressive strength of fiber reinforced polymers.The compressive strength of composites is found to be increased by 62.7% with the nanoparticle vlume ratio to nano SiO_2/Epoxy of 8.7%.The reinforcing effects of nanoparticles have been theoretically analyzed based on the elasto-plastic micro-buckling model for unidirectional laminates.A method was proposed to construct the constitutive relation during compression for nanocomposite matrix through loading-unloading tests,according to the damage behaviors of epoxy matrix containing nanoparticles.The compressive strength of the prepared multi-phase reinforced composites can be well predicted by combining the classic elaso-plastic micro-buckling model and constructed constitutive relation of nanocomposite matrix.The experimental verification demonstrates the good agreement achieved between the predicted results and the measured data.
The compressive performance of fiber reinforced polymer composites is closed associated with the mechanical properties of polymer matrix.In this paper,unidirectional laminates of CF-nano SiO_2/Epoxy multi-phase reinforced composites have been prepared using continuous carbon fibers(CF)and epoxy matrix with uniformly-dispersed SiO_2 nanoparticles.The systematic experimental study has been carried out.It shows that the incorporation of nanoparticles into matrix contributes to the considerable enhancement of compressive strength of fiber reinforced polymers.The compressive strength of composites is found to be increased by 62.7% with the nanoparticle vlume ratio to nano SiO_2/Epoxy of 8.7%.The reinforcing effects of nanoparticles have been theoretically analyzed based on the elasto-plastic micro-buckling model for unidirectional laminates.A method was proposed to construct the constitutive relation during compression for nanocomposite matrix through loading-unloading tests,according to the damage behaviors of epoxy matrix containing nanoparticles.The compressive strength of the prepared multi-phase reinforced composites can be well predicted by combining the classic elaso-plastic micro-buckling model and constructed constitutive relation of nanocomposite matrix.The experimental verification demonstrates the good agreement achieved between the predicted results and the measured data.
引文
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[21]蒋震宇,张晖,刘生,等.二氧化硅纳米颗粒对碳纤维与环氧树脂基体粘合强度的增强[J].实验力学,2007,22(3):359-366.JIANG Zhenyu,ZHANG Hui,LIU Sheng,et al.Improved interfacial bonding of carbon fiber/epoxy matrix modified by Well-dispersed nano-SiO2particles[J].Journal of Experimental Mechanics,2007,22(3):359-366(in Chinese).
[22]沈观林,胡更开,刘彬.复合材料力学[M]:北京:清华大学出版社,2013.SHEN Guanlin,HU Gengkai,LIU Bin.Composite mechanics[M].Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,2013(in Chinese).
[23]ZHANG H,TANG L,ZHANG Z,et al.Fracture behaviours of in situ silica nanoparticle-filled epoxy at different temperatures[J].Polymer,2008,49(17):3816-3825.
[24]WANG Z,GU P,WU X,et al.Micro/nano-wear studies on epoxy/silica nanocomposites[J].Composites Science and Technology,2013,79:49-57.
[25]International Organization for Standardization.Plastics-Determination of tensile properties:Part 2-Test conditions for moulding and extrusion plastics:ISO 527-2-2012[S].Switzerland:International Organization for Standardization,2012.
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[27]李稳,陈蔚,汤立群,等.基于纤维束/环氧树脂复合材料试验的单向层合板横向拉伸强度预测方法[J].复合材料学报,2018,35(2):340-346.LI Wen,CHEN Wei,TANG Liqun,et al.A prediction method of transverse tensile strength of unidirectional laminates based on test of fiber bundle/epoxy resin composites[J].Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2018,35(2):340-346(in Chinese).
[28]中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局,中国国家标准化管理委员会.中华人民共和国国家标准:塑料压缩性能的测定:GB/T 1041-2008[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2008.General Administration of Quality Supervision,Inspection and Quarantine of the People’s Republic of China,Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China.National standards of the People’s Republic of China:PlasticsDetermination of compressive properties:GB/T 1041-2008[S].Beijing:China Standards Press,2008(in Chinese).
[29]GUILLONNEAU G,KERMOUCHE G,BEC S,et al.Determination of mechanical properties by nanoindentation independently of indentation depth measurement[J].Journal of Materials Research,2012,27(19):2551-2560.
[30]LUBINEAU G,LADEVèZE P,VIOLEAU D.Durability of CFRP laminates under thermomechanical loading:A micromeso damage model[J].Composites Science and Technology,2006,66(7-8):983-992.
[2]魏悦广,杨卫.单向纤维增强复合材料的压缩弹塑性微屈曲[J].航空学报,1992,17(7):388-393.WEI Yueguang,YANG Wei.Elastoplastic compressive microbuckling of unidirectional fiber reinforced composites[J].Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica,1992,17(7):388-393(in Chinese).
[3]ROSEN B.Mechanics of composite strengthening[J].Fiber Comopsite Materials,1965,72:1-74.
[4]ARGON A.Fracture of Composites[J].Treatise on Materials Science&Technology,1972,1:79-114.
[5]CHAPLIN C R.Compressive fracture in undirectional glassreinforced plastics[J].Journal of Materials Science,1977,12(2):347-352.
[6]JELF PM,FLECK N.Compression failure mechanisms in unidirectional composites[J].Journal of Composite Materials,1992,26(18):2706-2726.
[7]SUN C T,JUN A W.Compressive strength of unidirectional fiber composites with matrix non-linearity[J].Composites Science and Technology,1994,52(4):577-587.
[8]TSAI J L,CHENG Y L.Investigating silica nanoparticle effect on dynamic and quasi-static compressive strengths of glass fiber/epoxy nanocomposites[J].Journal of Composite Materials,2009,43(25):3143-3155.
[9]UDDIN M F,SUN C.Strength of unidirectional glass/epoxy composite with silica nanoparticle-enhanced matrix[J].Composites Science and Technology,2008,68(7):1637-1643.
[10]MOHANTY A,SRIVASTAVA V.Compressive failure analysis of alumina nanoparticles dispersed short glass/carbon fiber reinforced epoxy hybrid composites[J].International Journal of Scientific&Engineering Research,2012,3(11):2229-5518.
[11]SUBRAMANIYAN A K,SUN C T.Enhancing compressive strength of unidirectional polymeric composites using nanoclay[J].Composites Part A:Applied Science and Manufacturing,2006,37(12):2257-2268.
[12]CHO J,CHEN J Y,DANIEL I M.Mechanical enhancement of carbon fiber/epoxy composites by graphite nanoplatelet reinforcement[J].Scripta Materialia,2007,56(8):685-688.
[13]KHOSRAVI H,ESLAMI-FARSANI R.On the mechanical characterizations of unidirectional basalt fiber/epoxy laminated composites with 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes-enhanced matrix[J].Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites,2016,35(5):421-434.
[14]NAGATSUKA K,YOSHIDA S,TSUCHIYA A,et al.Direct joining of carbon-fiber-reinforced plastic to an aluminum alloy using friction lap joining[J].Composites Part B:Engineering,2015,73:82-88.
[15]ZHANG J.Research on the surface treatment of silicon dioxide on the tribological properties of carbon fiber-filled polymethylmethacrylate composite[J].Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials,2016,29(7):951-959.
[16]ZHANG Y,LI Y,MA H,et al.Tensile and interfacial properties of unidirectional flax/glass fiber reinforced hybrid composites[J].Composites Science and Technology,2013,88:172-177.
[17]VLASVELD D,BERSEE H,PICKEN S J.Nanocomposite matrix for increased fibre composite strength[J].Polymer,2005,46(23):10269-10278.
[18]MICHAELI W,MANNIGEL M.On the effect of shear stresses on the fibre failure behaviour in CFRP[J].Composites Science and Technology,2009,69(9):1354-1357.
[19]LADEVEZE P,LEDANTEC E.Damage modelling of the elementary ply for laminated composites[J].Composites Science and Technology,1992,43(3):257-267.
[20]KLEISNER V,ZEMCIK R,KROUPA T.Identification and verification of the composite material parameters for the ladevèze damage model[J].Materiali in Tehnologije,2011,45(6):567-570.
[21]蒋震宇,张晖,刘生,等.二氧化硅纳米颗粒对碳纤维与环氧树脂基体粘合强度的增强[J].实验力学,2007,22(3):359-366.JIANG Zhenyu,ZHANG Hui,LIU Sheng,et al.Improved interfacial bonding of carbon fiber/epoxy matrix modified by Well-dispersed nano-SiO2particles[J].Journal of Experimental Mechanics,2007,22(3):359-366(in Chinese).
[22]沈观林,胡更开,刘彬.复合材料力学[M]:北京:清华大学出版社,2013.SHEN Guanlin,HU Gengkai,LIU Bin.Composite mechanics[M].Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,2013(in Chinese).
[23]ZHANG H,TANG L,ZHANG Z,et al.Fracture behaviours of in situ silica nanoparticle-filled epoxy at different temperatures[J].Polymer,2008,49(17):3816-3825.
[24]WANG Z,GU P,WU X,et al.Micro/nano-wear studies on epoxy/silica nanocomposites[J].Composites Science and Technology,2013,79:49-57.
[25]International Organization for Standardization.Plastics-Determination of tensile properties:Part 2-Test conditions for moulding and extrusion plastics:ISO 527-2-2012[S].Switzerland:International Organization for Standardization,2012.
[26]International Organization for Standardization.Plastics-Determination of compressive properties:ISO 604-2002[S].Switzerland:International Organization for Standardization,2002.
[27]李稳,陈蔚,汤立群,等.基于纤维束/环氧树脂复合材料试验的单向层合板横向拉伸强度预测方法[J].复合材料学报,2018,35(2):340-346.LI Wen,CHEN Wei,TANG Liqun,et al.A prediction method of transverse tensile strength of unidirectional laminates based on test of fiber bundle/epoxy resin composites[J].Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2018,35(2):340-346(in Chinese).
[28]中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局,中国国家标准化管理委员会.中华人民共和国国家标准:塑料压缩性能的测定:GB/T 1041-2008[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2008.General Administration of Quality Supervision,Inspection and Quarantine of the People’s Republic of China,Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China.National standards of the People’s Republic of China:PlasticsDetermination of compressive properties:GB/T 1041-2008[S].Beijing:China Standards Press,2008(in Chinese).
[29]GUILLONNEAU G,KERMOUCHE G,BEC S,et al.Determination of mechanical properties by nanoindentation independently of indentation depth measurement[J].Journal of Materials Research,2012,27(19):2551-2560.
[30]LUBINEAU G,LADEVèZE P,VIOLEAU D.Durability of CFRP laminates under thermomechanical loading:A micromeso damage model[J].Composites Science and Technology,2006,66(7-8):983-992.
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