基于正交试验法的龙门铣床滑枕多目标优选设计
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摘要
为了提高龙门铣床滑枕的静、动态性能,改善机床的加工性能,建立原滑枕有限元分析模型,并利用ANSYS软件对其进行静力学和模态分析,确定了滑枕结构设计变量。以滑枕的质量、最大变形、最大等效应力和前三阶固有频率作为评价指标,采用正交试验设计方法选择设计变量参数组合,制定了16种候选方案;采用灰色关联分析法和组合赋权对正交试验仿真数据进行处理,建立综合评价优选模型,确定了最优设计变量参数组合。对滑枕优选设计结果进行验证,结果表明:滑枕的轻量化效果显著,且静、动态性能得到明显改善,为数控机床其他关键零/部件的设计提供了新思路。
In order to enhance the static and dynamic performance of gantry milling machine ram and improve the machining performance of machine tools,a finite element analysis model of the original ram was established. The static and modal analysis of the ram was carried out by ANSYS software,and the structural design variables of ram were determined. Taking the mass,maximum deformation,maximum equivalent stress and the first three natural frequencies of the ram as evaluation indexes,16 candidate schemes were formulated by using orthogonal experimental design method to select the parameter combinations of design variables. Grey relational analysis method and combination weight were used to deal with the simulation data of orthogonal experiment,and a comprehensive evaluation preference model was established to determine the optimal parameter combination of design variables. The preference design result of ram was verified. The result shows that the lightweight effect of ram is remarkable,and the static and dynamic performance was improved obviously. The study also provides a new idea for the design of other key parts of CNC machine tools.
In order to enhance the static and dynamic performance of gantry milling machine ram and improve the machining performance of machine tools,a finite element analysis model of the original ram was established. The static and modal analysis of the ram was carried out by ANSYS software,and the structural design variables of ram were determined. Taking the mass,maximum deformation,maximum equivalent stress and the first three natural frequencies of the ram as evaluation indexes,16 candidate schemes were formulated by using orthogonal experimental design method to select the parameter combinations of design variables. Grey relational analysis method and combination weight were used to deal with the simulation data of orthogonal experiment,and a comprehensive evaluation preference model was established to determine the optimal parameter combination of design variables. The preference design result of ram was verified. The result shows that the lightweight effect of ram is remarkable,and the static and dynamic performance was improved obviously. The study also provides a new idea for the design of other key parts of CNC machine tools.
引文
[1]王云,武美萍,左晓芳,等.数控落地铣镗床滑枕动态特性分析与研究[J].机床与液压,2015,43(10):5-10.
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[6]鞠家全,邱自学,崔德友,等.基于正交试验的机床移动横梁多目标优化设计[J].机械强度,2018,40(2):356-362.
[7]张森,杨玉萍,邱自学,等.基于灵敏度分析的龙门加工中心横梁轻量化设计[J].机械设计,2015,32(4):110-115.
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[10]邓朝晖,孟慧娟,张华,等.基于组合赋权的机床加工工艺参数多目标综合决策方法[J].中国机械工程,2016,27(21):2902-2908.
[11]王明海,胡付红,刘大响,等.基于AHP及GRA法在机床优选中的技术研究[J].机械设计与制造,2015,42(10):161-164.
[12]王伟,李晴朝,康文俊,等.基于综合评价体系的五轴数控机床加工性能评价和误差溯源方法[J].机械工程学报,2017,53(21):149-157.
[2]胡汝凯,黄美发,张奎奎,等.数控龙门铣床滑枕的动态特性分析及改进[J].组合机床与自动化加工技术,2014(5):43-45.
[3] BESHARATI S,DABBAGH V,AMINI H,et al. Multi-objective selection and structural optimization of the gantry in a gantry machine tool for improving static,dynamic,and weight and cost performance[J]. Concurrent Engineering,2015,24(1):83-93.
[4]刘成颖,谭锋,王立平,等.面向机床整机动态性能的立柱结构优化设计研究[J].机械工程学报,2016,52(3):161-168.
[5]刘世豪,叶文华,陈蔚芳,等.基于正交试验法和灰色关联的机床主轴箱优化设计[J].振动与冲击,2011,30(7):127-132.
[6]鞠家全,邱自学,崔德友,等.基于正交试验的机床移动横梁多目标优化设计[J].机械强度,2018,40(2):356-362.
[7]张森,杨玉萍,邱自学,等.基于灵敏度分析的龙门加工中心横梁轻量化设计[J].机械设计,2015,32(4):110-115.
[8] MAO H J,SHU M,LI C,et al. Optimization design for beam structures of rail weld CNC fine milling machine based on Ansys Workbench[J]. Applied Mechanics&Materials,2015(716/717):817-824.
[9]刘世豪,廖宇兰,王涛,等.木薯挖掘铲多目标决策方法及其仿生设计应用[J].计算机集成制造系统,2015,21(1):67-75.
[10]邓朝晖,孟慧娟,张华,等.基于组合赋权的机床加工工艺参数多目标综合决策方法[J].中国机械工程,2016,27(21):2902-2908.
[11]王明海,胡付红,刘大响,等.基于AHP及GRA法在机床优选中的技术研究[J].机械设计与制造,2015,42(10):161-164.
[12]王伟,李晴朝,康文俊,等.基于综合评价体系的五轴数控机床加工性能评价和误差溯源方法[J].机械工程学报,2017,53(21):149-157.
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