脆性地层井壁稳定性评价准则
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摘要
脆性地层在钻井过程中的井壁稳定问题一直是困扰石油工业界的一个十分复杂的问题,其评价准则的选取是预测井壁稳定性的关键。目前,讨论最多的针对脆性地层井壁稳定性评价准则有:Mohr-Coulomb准则,Hoek-Brown准则,Mogi-Coulomb准则,三维Hoek-Brown准则。在调研国内外评价准则的基础上,介绍了几种方法的基本原理、误差来源分析及适用范围:Mohr-Coulomb准则公式简单,参数获取方便,但只能反映岩块的线性破坏特征;Hoek-Brown准则虽能更好的反映岩块的非线性破坏特征,但由于没有考虑中间主应力的影响,结果是一个偏低的估计;Mogi-Coulomb准则引入了中间主应力的影响,且拟合结果居中,但进行三轴试验要求较高;三维Hoek-Brown准则既考虑了中间主应力的影响,又继承了Hoek-Brown准则的优点,且拟合偏差最小。建议深入研究中主应力对岩石强度的影响效应,推广脆性地层井壁稳定性评价准则适用范围。
Wellbore stability prediction of brittle formation has been a very complicated problem in the process of drilling in oil industry. One of the key considerations on wellbore stability prediction is the choice of shear failure criterion. The commonly used Mohr-Coulomb and Hoek-Brown criterion have obvious shortcomings, which leads to the unrealistic predicting results. It is mainly discussed by model study, including Mohr-Coulomb criterion, HoekBrown criterion, Mogi-Coulomb criterion and three-dimensional Hoek-Brown criterion.Based on evaluation criteria, basic principles, error sources analysis and application ranges are introduced. Mohr-Coulomb criterion has simple formula, can obtain parameter conveniently, however, it reflected only linear character of rock. Hoek-Brown criterion can reflect nonlinear character of rock better. But without considering the influence of the intermediate principal stress, so the result is a low estimate. Mogi-Coulomb criterion introduced the influence of the intermediate principal stress, yet the triaxial experiments the demand is higher.Three-dimensional Hoek-Brown criterion not until considering the effect of intermediate principal stress, also inherited the merits of Hoek-Brown criterion, it contain least deviation fit. Finally, it is suggested that further researches on intermediate principal stress on the effect of rock strength and spread its application ranges.
Wellbore stability prediction of brittle formation has been a very complicated problem in the process of drilling in oil industry. One of the key considerations on wellbore stability prediction is the choice of shear failure criterion. The commonly used Mohr-Coulomb and Hoek-Brown criterion have obvious shortcomings, which leads to the unrealistic predicting results. It is mainly discussed by model study, including Mohr-Coulomb criterion, HoekBrown criterion, Mogi-Coulomb criterion and three-dimensional Hoek-Brown criterion.Based on evaluation criteria, basic principles, error sources analysis and application ranges are introduced. Mohr-Coulomb criterion has simple formula, can obtain parameter conveniently, however, it reflected only linear character of rock. Hoek-Brown criterion can reflect nonlinear character of rock better. But without considering the influence of the intermediate principal stress, so the result is a low estimate. Mogi-Coulomb criterion introduced the influence of the intermediate principal stress, yet the triaxial experiments the demand is higher.Three-dimensional Hoek-Brown criterion not until considering the effect of intermediate principal stress, also inherited the merits of Hoek-Brown criterion, it contain least deviation fit. Finally, it is suggested that further researches on intermediate principal stress on the effect of rock strength and spread its application ranges.
引文
[1]蔡美峰.岩石力学与工程[M].科学出版社,2002.
[2]洪成云,尹帅,李关访.破坏准则在深层致密砂岩强度预测中的应用[J].科学技术与工程,2014,(29):117-120.
[3]李斌,刘艳章,林坤峰.非线性Mohr-Coulomb准则适用范围及其改进研究[J].岩土力学,2016,37(3):637-646.
[4]陈昌禄,邵生俊.多种空间滑动面及其强度准则对结构性黄土的适应性分析[J].科学技术与工程,2014,(27):100-106.
[5]Wittke W..Rock Mechanics:Theory and Applications with Case Histories[M].1990.
[6]周维恒.高等岩石力学[M].北京:水利电力出版社,1990.
[7]石祥超,孟英峰,李皋.几种岩石强度准则的对比分析[J].岩土力学,2011,(S1):209-216.
[8]Brady B.H.G.,Brown E.T.Rock mechanics:for underground mining[M].Springer Science&Business Media,2013.
[9]俞茂宏,昝月稳,范文.20世纪岩石强度理论的发展[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2000,19(5):545-550.
[10]吴静,吴立.基于岩体损伤的Hoek-Brown强度准则修正应用[J].科学技术与工程,2015,(17):79-84.
[11]Hoek E.,Brown E.T..Underground excavations in rock[M].1980.
[12]Hoek E.,Brown E.T..Practical estimates of rock mass strength[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,1997,34(8):1165-1186.
[13]Hoek E.,Brown E.T..Empirical strength criterion for rock masses[J].Journal of the Geotechnical Engineering Division,1980,106(9):1013-1035.
[14]Hoek E..Strength of rock and rock masses[J].ISRM News Journal,1994,2(2):4-16.
[15]赵坚,李海波.莫尔-库仑和霍克-布朗强度准则用于评估脆性岩石动态强度的适用性[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(2):171-176.
[16]甘玉叶,郑小燕.Hoek-Brown准则中参数不同选取值对Mohr-Coulomb参数值的影响[J].科学技术与工程,2012,20(21):5379-5383.
[17]Takahashi M.,Koide H..Effect of the intermediate principal stress on strength and deformation behavior of sedimentary rocks at the depth shallower than 2000 m[C].ISRM international symposium,1989.
[18]Haimson B.,Chang C..A new true triaxial cell for testing mechanical properties of rock,and its use to determine rock strength and deformability of Westerly granite[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2000,37(1):285-296.
[19]Haimson B.C.,Chang C..True triaxial strength of the KTBamphibolite under borehole wall conditions and its use to estimate the maximum horizontal in situ stress[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,2002,107(B10):2257-2271.
[20]李斌.高围压条件下岩石破坏特征及强度准则研究[D].武汉:武汉科技大学,2015.
[21]尤明庆.岩石强度准则的数学形式和参数确定的研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010,29(11):2.
[22]杨雪强,庄心善,胡其志.修正的莫尔-库仑岩石强度准则[C].岩石力学新进展与西部开发中的岩土工程问题-中国岩石力学与工程学会第七次学术大会论文集,2002.
[23]秦朝.三轴围压条件下岩石力学性质的实验研究[D].成都:西南石油大学,2014.
[24]Hoek E.,Wood D.,Shah S..A modified Hoek-Brown failure criterion for jointed rock masses[C].Proc.Int.Conf.Eurock,1992.
[25]吕则欣,陈华兴.岩石强度理论研究[J].西部探矿工程,2009,21(1):5-8.
[26]Mogi K..Fracture and flow of rocks under high triaxial compression[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1971,76(5):1255-1269.
[27]Michelis P..Polyaxial yielding of granular rock[J].Journal of engineering mechanics,1985,111(8):1049-1066.
[28]Michelis P..True triaxial cyclic behavior of concrete and rock in compression[J].International journal of plasticity,1987,3(3):249-270.
[29]Chang C,Haimson B.True triaxial strength and deformability of the German Continental Deep Drilling Program(KTB)deep hole amphibolite[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth,2000,105(B8):18999-19013.
[30]冯永存,邓金根,李晓蓉,等.井壁稳定性评价准则分析[J].断块油气田,2012,19(2):244-248.
[31]路德春,杜修力.岩石材料的非线性强度与破坏准则研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2013,32(12):2.
[32]Al-Ajmi A.M.,Zimmerman R.W..Relation between the Mogi and the Coulomb failure criteria[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2005,42(3):431-439.
[33]Colmenares L.B.,Zoback M.D..A statistical evaluation of intact rock failure criteria constrained by polyaxial test data for five different rocks[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2002,39(6):695-729.
[34]朱合华,张琦,章连洋.Hoek-Brown强度准则研究进展与应用综述[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2013,32(10):1945-1963.
[35]Pan X.D.,Hudson J.A..A simplified three dimensional Hoek-Brown yield criterion[C].ISRM International Symposium,1988.
[36]李斌,许梦国,刘艳章,等.三轴条件下完整岩石HoekBrown强度准则的改进[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2015,(6):1010-1016.
[37]姜华.一种简便的岩石三维Hoek-Brown强度准则[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2015,34(S1):2996-3004.
[38]Singh B.,Goel R.K.,Mehrotra V.K.,et al.Effect of intermediate principal stress on strength of anisotropic rock mass[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,1998,13(1):71-79.
[39]Zhang L.Y.,Zhu H.H.Three-dimensional Hoek-Brown strength criterion for rocks[J].Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,2007,133(9):1128-1135.
[40]Zhang L..A generalized three-dimensional Hoek-Brown strength criterion[J].Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering,2008,41(6):893-915.
[41]王国安,马林建,刘新宇,等.考虑中间主应力Hoek-Brown强度准则及其适用性[J].岩土力学,2015,36(8):2291-2297.
[2]洪成云,尹帅,李关访.破坏准则在深层致密砂岩强度预测中的应用[J].科学技术与工程,2014,(29):117-120.
[3]李斌,刘艳章,林坤峰.非线性Mohr-Coulomb准则适用范围及其改进研究[J].岩土力学,2016,37(3):637-646.
[4]陈昌禄,邵生俊.多种空间滑动面及其强度准则对结构性黄土的适应性分析[J].科学技术与工程,2014,(27):100-106.
[5]Wittke W..Rock Mechanics:Theory and Applications with Case Histories[M].1990.
[6]周维恒.高等岩石力学[M].北京:水利电力出版社,1990.
[7]石祥超,孟英峰,李皋.几种岩石强度准则的对比分析[J].岩土力学,2011,(S1):209-216.
[8]Brady B.H.G.,Brown E.T.Rock mechanics:for underground mining[M].Springer Science&Business Media,2013.
[9]俞茂宏,昝月稳,范文.20世纪岩石强度理论的发展[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2000,19(5):545-550.
[10]吴静,吴立.基于岩体损伤的Hoek-Brown强度准则修正应用[J].科学技术与工程,2015,(17):79-84.
[11]Hoek E.,Brown E.T..Underground excavations in rock[M].1980.
[12]Hoek E.,Brown E.T..Practical estimates of rock mass strength[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,1997,34(8):1165-1186.
[13]Hoek E.,Brown E.T..Empirical strength criterion for rock masses[J].Journal of the Geotechnical Engineering Division,1980,106(9):1013-1035.
[14]Hoek E..Strength of rock and rock masses[J].ISRM News Journal,1994,2(2):4-16.
[15]赵坚,李海波.莫尔-库仑和霍克-布朗强度准则用于评估脆性岩石动态强度的适用性[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(2):171-176.
[16]甘玉叶,郑小燕.Hoek-Brown准则中参数不同选取值对Mohr-Coulomb参数值的影响[J].科学技术与工程,2012,20(21):5379-5383.
[17]Takahashi M.,Koide H..Effect of the intermediate principal stress on strength and deformation behavior of sedimentary rocks at the depth shallower than 2000 m[C].ISRM international symposium,1989.
[18]Haimson B.,Chang C..A new true triaxial cell for testing mechanical properties of rock,and its use to determine rock strength and deformability of Westerly granite[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2000,37(1):285-296.
[19]Haimson B.C.,Chang C..True triaxial strength of the KTBamphibolite under borehole wall conditions and its use to estimate the maximum horizontal in situ stress[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,2002,107(B10):2257-2271.
[20]李斌.高围压条件下岩石破坏特征及强度准则研究[D].武汉:武汉科技大学,2015.
[21]尤明庆.岩石强度准则的数学形式和参数确定的研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010,29(11):2.
[22]杨雪强,庄心善,胡其志.修正的莫尔-库仑岩石强度准则[C].岩石力学新进展与西部开发中的岩土工程问题-中国岩石力学与工程学会第七次学术大会论文集,2002.
[23]秦朝.三轴围压条件下岩石力学性质的实验研究[D].成都:西南石油大学,2014.
[24]Hoek E.,Wood D.,Shah S..A modified Hoek-Brown failure criterion for jointed rock masses[C].Proc.Int.Conf.Eurock,1992.
[25]吕则欣,陈华兴.岩石强度理论研究[J].西部探矿工程,2009,21(1):5-8.
[26]Mogi K..Fracture and flow of rocks under high triaxial compression[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1971,76(5):1255-1269.
[27]Michelis P..Polyaxial yielding of granular rock[J].Journal of engineering mechanics,1985,111(8):1049-1066.
[28]Michelis P..True triaxial cyclic behavior of concrete and rock in compression[J].International journal of plasticity,1987,3(3):249-270.
[29]Chang C,Haimson B.True triaxial strength and deformability of the German Continental Deep Drilling Program(KTB)deep hole amphibolite[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth,2000,105(B8):18999-19013.
[30]冯永存,邓金根,李晓蓉,等.井壁稳定性评价准则分析[J].断块油气田,2012,19(2):244-248.
[31]路德春,杜修力.岩石材料的非线性强度与破坏准则研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2013,32(12):2.
[32]Al-Ajmi A.M.,Zimmerman R.W..Relation between the Mogi and the Coulomb failure criteria[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2005,42(3):431-439.
[33]Colmenares L.B.,Zoback M.D..A statistical evaluation of intact rock failure criteria constrained by polyaxial test data for five different rocks[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2002,39(6):695-729.
[34]朱合华,张琦,章连洋.Hoek-Brown强度准则研究进展与应用综述[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2013,32(10):1945-1963.
[35]Pan X.D.,Hudson J.A..A simplified three dimensional Hoek-Brown yield criterion[C].ISRM International Symposium,1988.
[36]李斌,许梦国,刘艳章,等.三轴条件下完整岩石HoekBrown强度准则的改进[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2015,(6):1010-1016.
[37]姜华.一种简便的岩石三维Hoek-Brown强度准则[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2015,34(S1):2996-3004.
[38]Singh B.,Goel R.K.,Mehrotra V.K.,et al.Effect of intermediate principal stress on strength of anisotropic rock mass[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,1998,13(1):71-79.
[39]Zhang L.Y.,Zhu H.H.Three-dimensional Hoek-Brown strength criterion for rocks[J].Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,2007,133(9):1128-1135.
[40]Zhang L..A generalized three-dimensional Hoek-Brown strength criterion[J].Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering,2008,41(6):893-915.
[41]王国安,马林建,刘新宇,等.考虑中间主应力Hoek-Brown强度准则及其适用性[J].岩土力学,2015,36(8):2291-2297.
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