碳纳米管对水泥基材料热膨胀性能的影响
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摘要
在水泥基中掺入不同比例的碳纳米管,制备出碳纳米管水泥基复合材料。测量其在室温～600℃的热膨胀性能,并根据DSC/TG、XRD图谱,孔径分布图和扫描电镜图从微观尺度分析其变化规律的机理。结果表明,从室温到150℃掺入各比例碳纳米管的水泥基复合材料热膨胀率变化趋势相似,热膨胀率为正值而出现微膨胀;150℃～590℃热膨胀率为负值且逐渐减小,试件持续收缩。当碳纳米管的掺量为水泥的0.3%时热膨胀曲线始终在其他掺量之下,热膨胀率达到最小值。这表明,碳纳米管掺量为0.3%的材料水化反应充分,产生大量的水化硅酸钙凝胶,收缩明显、密实度显著提高。掺入0.3%的碳纳米管可有效阻止供暖管道局部混凝土的膨胀,提高结构的耐久性。
Carbon nanotubes of different proportions were added to the cement matrix to prepare cement-based materials, and the thermal expansion property of those materials was measured from room temperature to 600℃. While the materials were characterized by means of DSC/TG, XRD, pore size distribution diagrams, SEM images. The results show that the thermal expansion rate is positive from room temperature to 150℃, there is a slight expansion; the thermal expansion rate is negative and gradually decreases from about 150℃ to 590℃, the specimen shrinks continuously. When the blending amount of carbon nanotubes is 0.3%, the thermal expansion curve is always below those with the amounts other than 0.3%, and the thermal expansion rate reaches a minimum value. This shows that when the amount of carbon nanotubes is 0.3%, the hydration reaction is sufficient and a large amount of hydrous calcium silicate gel is produced, and the shrinkage is obvious and the density is significantly improved. Therefore,the content of 0.3% carbon nanotubes can effectively prevent the emerge of abnormal expansion of local area for a heating pipe and therefore, improve the durability of the structure.
Carbon nanotubes of different proportions were added to the cement matrix to prepare cement-based materials, and the thermal expansion property of those materials was measured from room temperature to 600℃. While the materials were characterized by means of DSC/TG, XRD, pore size distribution diagrams, SEM images. The results show that the thermal expansion rate is positive from room temperature to 150℃, there is a slight expansion; the thermal expansion rate is negative and gradually decreases from about 150℃ to 590℃, the specimen shrinks continuously. When the blending amount of carbon nanotubes is 0.3%, the thermal expansion curve is always below those with the amounts other than 0.3%, and the thermal expansion rate reaches a minimum value. This shows that when the amount of carbon nanotubes is 0.3%, the hydration reaction is sufficient and a large amount of hydrous calcium silicate gel is produced, and the shrinkage is obvious and the density is significantly improved. Therefore,the content of 0.3% carbon nanotubes can effectively prevent the emerge of abnormal expansion of local area for a heating pipe and therefore, improve the durability of the structure.
引文
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[19]Lv S H,Zhang J,Luo X Q,et al.Microstructure and properties for composites of graphene oxide/cement[J].Chin.J.Mater.Res.,2018,32(3):233(吕生华,张佳,罗潇倩等.氧化石墨烯/水泥基复合材料的微观结构和性能[J].材料研究学报,2018,32(3):233)
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[21]Wang H T,Webb T,Bitler J W.Study of thermal expansion and thermal conductivity of cemented WC-Co composite[J].Int.J.Refract.Met.Hard Mater.,2015,49:170
[2]Fu Y F,Wong Y L,Tang C A,et al.Thermal induced stress and associated cracking in cement-based composite at elevated temperatures-Part I:Thermal cracking around single inclusion[J].Cem.Concr.Compos.,2004,26:99
[3]Fan J,Xiong G J,Li G Y.Progress in research and development of carbon nanotubes-reinforced cement-based composite materials[J].Mater.Rev.,2014,28(11):142(范杰,熊光晶,李庚英.碳纳米管水泥基复合材料的研究进展及其发展趋势[J].材料导报,2014,28(11):142)
[4]Jabeen S,Kausar A,Muhammad B,et al.A review on polymeric nanocomposites of nanodiamond,carbon nanotube,and nanobifiller:Structure,preparation and properties[J].Polym.-Plast.Technol.Eng.,2015,54:1379
[5]Yan H,Ran Q P,Shu X,et al.Research advances on performance optimization of cementitious materials using nanomaterials[J].Mater.China,2017,36:645(严涵,冉千平,舒鑫等.纳米材料优化水泥基材料性能的研究进展[J].中国材料进展,2017,36:645)
[6]Xu S L,Liu J T,Li Q H.Mechanical properties and microstructure of multi-walled carbon nanotube-reinforced cement paste[J].Constr.Build.Mater.,2015,76:16
[7]Kashani A,Ngo T D,Walkley B,et al.Thermal performance of calcium-rich alkali-activated materials:A microstructural and mechanical study[J].Constr.Build.Mater.,2017,153:225
[8]Li Q H,Yao Y,Sun B.Investigation on behavior of slag to thermal expansion of cement[J].Concrete,2009,(1):84(李清海,姚燕,孙蓓.磨细矿渣对水泥基材料热膨胀性能影响的研究[J].混凝土,2009,(1):84)
[9]Tang Q L,Huang J,Tian G X.Dispersion of carbon nanotubes and research progress on mechanical properties of carbon nanotubes cement-based composites[J].J.Funct.Mater.,2017,48:6042(唐倩兰,黄俊,田国鑫.碳纳米管分散性及其水泥基复合材料力学性能的研究进展[J].功能材料,2017,48:6042)
[10]Pang Z P,Sun X G,Cheng X Y,et al.Effect of carbon nanotube content on electromagnetic interference shielding performance of carbon nanotube-cellulose composites materials[J].Chin.J.Mater.Res.,2015,29(8):583(庞志鹏,孙晓刚,程晓圆等.碳纳米管含量对碳纳米管-纤维素复合材料电磁屏蔽性能的影响[J].材料研究学报,2015,29(8):583)
[11]Gao X,Wei Y,Huang W.Phase identification in cement paste by modulus mapping[J].Chin.J.Mater.Res.,2016,30(5):321(高翔,魏亚,黄卫.基于动态模量成像的硬化水泥浆体微观物相的识别[J].材料研究学报,2016,30(5):321)
[12]Petru?evski G,Acevska J,Stefkov G,et al.Characterization and origin differentiation of morphine derivatives by DSC/TG and FTIR analysis using pattern recognition techniques[J].J.Therm.Anal.Calorim.,2016,123:2561
[13]Zhang N,Zhang T,Liao J,et al.Effect of pore solution freezing on thermal strain of water-saturated cement based material at low temperature by differential scanning calorimetry[J].J.Chin.Ceram.Soc.,2015,43:599(张楠,张涛,廖娟等.利用差示扫描量热法研究孔溶液结冰对水饱和水泥基材料低温热形变的影响[J].硅酸盐学报,2015,43:599)
[14]Reddy G K,Yarakkula K.Exploration of geo-mineral compounds in granite mining soils using XRD pattern data analysis[J].IOPConf.Ser.:Mater.Sci.Eng.,2017,263:032003
[15]Gao Y,De Schutter G,Ye G,et al.A microscopic study on ternary blended cement based composites[J].Constr.Build.Mater.,2013,46:28
[16]Gately R D,Marc in het Panhuis.Filling of carbon nanotubes and nanofibres[J].Beilstein J.Nanotechnol.,2015,6:508
[17]Xiao H J,Sun W,Jiang J Y,et al.Characterization of microstructure of cement-based materials by multi-cycle-MIP method[J].J.Southeast Univ.(Nat.Sci.Ed.),2013,43:371(肖海军,孙伟,蒋金洋等.水泥基材料微结构的反复压汞法表征[J].东南大学学报(自然科学版),2013,43:371)
[18]Ding Q J,He Z.Advances in research on the formation mechanism of cementitious paste microstructure in current concrete[J].Mater.China,2009,28(11):8(丁庆军,何真.现代混凝土胶凝浆体微结构形成机理研究进展[J].中国材料进展,2009,28(11):8)
[19]Lv S H,Zhang J,Luo X Q,et al.Microstructure and properties for composites of graphene oxide/cement[J].Chin.J.Mater.Res.,2018,32(3):233(吕生华,张佳,罗潇倩等.氧化石墨烯/水泥基复合材料的微观结构和性能[J].材料研究学报,2018,32(3):233)
[20]Honorio T,Bary B,Benboudjema F.Thermal properties of cementbased materials:Multiscale estimations at early-age[J].Cem.Concr.Compos.,2018,87:205
[21]Wang H T,Webb T,Bitler J W.Study of thermal expansion and thermal conductivity of cemented WC-Co composite[J].Int.J.Refract.Met.Hard Mater.,2015,49:170
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