不同装药形式对柱状结构爆破效果影响分析
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摘要
磊磊石矿开采过程中需要对突起柱状矿体进行单独拆除爆破,为确定合理的爆破拆除方案和装药方式,降低其大块率,提高其松散系数,利用ANSYS/LS-DYNA有限元软件计算分析3种装药方式(同面直线布孔、对面交替布孔和四面螺旋上升布孔)的爆破损伤。通过比较矿柱各水平截面及不同时刻的爆破损伤值,发现炮孔以螺旋上升的方式布置时,各部位爆破损伤值和整体损伤值达到最大,爆破效果最佳。对该方案进一步进行优化,炮孔最小抵抗线为28 cm时,大块率明显降低,松散系数为1.48,实际爆破效果良好。
In the mining process of Leilei Mine,it is necessary to demolish the protruding columnar orebody by blasting.In order to determine the reasonable blasting demolition scheme and charging mode,so as to reduce the big block coefficient and improve the loose coefficient,the blasting damage of three charging modes was simulated and analyzed with ANSYS/LS-DYNA,and the blasting damage values of each horizontal section of the pillar were calculated.The results were obtained by quantitative comparison.When the holes are arranged spirally,the blasting damage value of each part and the whole damage value reach the maximum,blasting effect is the best.The scheme is further optimized,and the result is that the minimum burden is 28 cm.The actual blasting results show that after adopting the optimized scheme,the big block rate is obviously reduced,the loose coefficient is 1.48.
In the mining process of Leilei Mine,it is necessary to demolish the protruding columnar orebody by blasting.In order to determine the reasonable blasting demolition scheme and charging mode,so as to reduce the big block coefficient and improve the loose coefficient,the blasting damage of three charging modes was simulated and analyzed with ANSYS/LS-DYNA,and the blasting damage values of each horizontal section of the pillar were calculated.The results were obtained by quantitative comparison.When the holes are arranged spirally,the blasting damage value of each part and the whole damage value reach the maximum,blasting effect is the best.The scheme is further optimized,and the result is that the minimum burden is 28 cm.The actual blasting results show that after adopting the optimized scheme,the big block rate is obviously reduced,the loose coefficient is 1.48.
引文
[1] 彭静波.极硬岩条件下露天台阶深孔爆破质量改善研究[D].武汉:武汉工程大学,2015.[1] PENG Jing-bo.Study on improvement of open-pit bench lasting quality under the condition of extremely hard rock[D].Wuhan:Wuhan Institute of Technology,2015.(in Chinese)
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[4] 任少峰,余红兵,赵明生,等.堵塞长度对巷道掘进掏槽爆破效果影响研究[J].爆破,2017,34(2):51-54.[4] REN Shao-feng,YU Hong-bing,ZHAO Ming-sheng,et al.Study of influence of stemming length on cutting blasting effect in tunnel excavation[J].Blasting,2017,34(2):51-54.(in Chinese)
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[7] 季杉,王桂玲,谢伟平.高架桥爆破坍塌全过程数值模拟与分析[J].爆破,2014,31(4):76- 81.[7] JI Shan,WANG Gui-ling,XIE Wei-ping.Analysis and numerical simulation of whole process of blastingand collapse of viaduct[J].Blasting,2014,31(4):76- 81.(in Chinese)
[8] 冷振东,刘亮,周旺潇,等.起爆位置对台阶爆破爆堆形态影响的离散元分析[J].爆破,2018,35(2):50-55.[8] LENG Zhen-dong,LIU Liang,ZHOU Wang-xiao,et al.Numerical investigation of initiation points on muckpile profile in bench blasting[J].Blasting,2018,35(2):50-55.(in Chinese)
[9] 李成武,王金贵,解北京,等.基于HJC本构模型的煤岩SHPB实验数值模拟[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2016,33(1):158-164.[9] LI Cheng-wu,WANG Jin-gui,XIE Bei-jing,et al.Numerical simulation of coal rock SHPB experiment based on HJC constitutive model[J].Journal of mining and safety engineering,2016,33(1):158-164.(in Chinese)
[10] 黄志辉.台阶爆破块度分布测定及其优化研究[D].泉州:华侨大学,2005.[10] HUANG Zhi-hui.Measurement and optimization of fragmentation distribution in bench blasting[D].Quanzhou:Huaqiao University,2005.(in Chinese)
[11] 武成刚.大孔距小排距爆破技术在巴润矿裂隙岩层中的应用[D].包头:内蒙古科技大学,2015.[11] WU Cheng-gang.Application of large hole spacing and small row spacing blasting technology in fractured rock strata of Barun Mine[D].Baotou:Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology,2015.(in Chinese)
[12] 周磊.台阶爆破效果评价及爆破参数优化研究[D].武汉:武汉理工大学,2012.[12] ZHOU Lei.Evaluation of bench blasting effect and optimization of blasting parameters[D].Wuhan:Wuhan University of Technology,2012.(in Chinese)
[13] 郭春阳,池恩安,赵明生,等.别矿台阶深孔爆破孔排距优化试验及应用[J].爆破,2018,35(1):59- 65.[13] GUO Chun-yang,CHI En-an,ZHAO Ming-sheng,et al.Optimization test and application of holes distance of deep holes bench blasting in Biesikuduke Mine[J].Blasting,2018,35(1):59- 65.(in Chinese)
[2] 叶海旺,汪柳俊,冉成,等.分层装药爆破间隔填塞长度优化研究[J].爆破,2017,34(2):26-33.[2] YE Hai-wang,WANG Liu-jun,RAN Cheng,et al.Optimization on interval stemming length of blasting in layered charge[J].Blasting,2017,34(2):26-33.(in Chinese)
[3] 郭进平,王靖,李角群.中深孔爆破炮孔布置优化设计研究[J].爆破,2017,34(3):79-84.[3] GUO Jin-ping,WANG Jing,LI Jiao-qun.Study on optimum design of blasting hole arrangement in medium length hole blasting[J].Blasting,2017,34(3):79-84.(in Chinese)
[4] 任少峰,余红兵,赵明生,等.堵塞长度对巷道掘进掏槽爆破效果影响研究[J].爆破,2017,34(2):51-54.[4] REN Shao-feng,YU Hong-bing,ZHAO Ming-sheng,et al.Study of influence of stemming length on cutting blasting effect in tunnel excavation[J].Blasting,2017,34(2):51-54.(in Chinese)
[5] 任少峰,周俊,王彬,等.聚苯乙烯泡沫不耦合装药爆破试验研究[J].爆破,2018,35(2):67-71.[5] REN Shao-feng,ZHOU Jun,WANG Bin,et al.Experimental study of polystyrene foam with uncoupling charge blasting[J].Blasting,2018,35(2):67-71.(in Chinese)
[6] 蒙云琪,倪明亮,操鹏,等.基于数值模拟的铁四院前大楼拆除爆破方案优化[J].爆破,2018,35(1):96-103,160.[6] MENG Yu-qi,NI Ming-liang,CAO Peng,et al.Optimization of blasting demolition plan for iron front courtyard building based on numerical simulation[J].Blasting,2018,35(1):96-103,160.(in Chinese)
[7] 季杉,王桂玲,谢伟平.高架桥爆破坍塌全过程数值模拟与分析[J].爆破,2014,31(4):76- 81.[7] JI Shan,WANG Gui-ling,XIE Wei-ping.Analysis and numerical simulation of whole process of blastingand collapse of viaduct[J].Blasting,2014,31(4):76- 81.(in Chinese)
[8] 冷振东,刘亮,周旺潇,等.起爆位置对台阶爆破爆堆形态影响的离散元分析[J].爆破,2018,35(2):50-55.[8] LENG Zhen-dong,LIU Liang,ZHOU Wang-xiao,et al.Numerical investigation of initiation points on muckpile profile in bench blasting[J].Blasting,2018,35(2):50-55.(in Chinese)
[9] 李成武,王金贵,解北京,等.基于HJC本构模型的煤岩SHPB实验数值模拟[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2016,33(1):158-164.[9] LI Cheng-wu,WANG Jin-gui,XIE Bei-jing,et al.Numerical simulation of coal rock SHPB experiment based on HJC constitutive model[J].Journal of mining and safety engineering,2016,33(1):158-164.(in Chinese)
[10] 黄志辉.台阶爆破块度分布测定及其优化研究[D].泉州:华侨大学,2005.[10] HUANG Zhi-hui.Measurement and optimization of fragmentation distribution in bench blasting[D].Quanzhou:Huaqiao University,2005.(in Chinese)
[11] 武成刚.大孔距小排距爆破技术在巴润矿裂隙岩层中的应用[D].包头:内蒙古科技大学,2015.[11] WU Cheng-gang.Application of large hole spacing and small row spacing blasting technology in fractured rock strata of Barun Mine[D].Baotou:Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology,2015.(in Chinese)
[12] 周磊.台阶爆破效果评价及爆破参数优化研究[D].武汉:武汉理工大学,2012.[12] ZHOU Lei.Evaluation of bench blasting effect and optimization of blasting parameters[D].Wuhan:Wuhan University of Technology,2012.(in Chinese)
[13] 郭春阳,池恩安,赵明生,等.别矿台阶深孔爆破孔排距优化试验及应用[J].爆破,2018,35(1):59- 65.[13] GUO Chun-yang,CHI En-an,ZHAO Ming-sheng,et al.Optimization test and application of holes distance of deep holes bench blasting in Biesikuduke Mine[J].Blasting,2018,35(1):59- 65.(in Chinese)
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