金沙江溪洛渡—白鹤滩段岸坡变形破坏规律
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摘要
为深入研究金沙江溪洛渡—白鹤滩段库区岸坡变形破坏的形成与分布规律,通过现场调查复核,结合高清航空影像资料解译,确定了库区岸坡结构与地层岩性的分布状况,并统计分析了库区95个变形破坏体的空间展布特征。研究表明:该段库区岸坡变形破坏在薄层—互层状结构岸坡中最发育,在奥陶系上统与志留系(O_3+S)等3类地层中较强发育;变形破坏的形态特征遵从幂律规则,水平投影长度等参数与累计频率P之间呈现负指数关系,变形破坏密度和模数的对数值与累计频率P之间呈线性关系;在α=0.05水平下,变形破坏密度在0.038～1.184个/km之间,变形破坏模数在(20～4 656)×10~(4 ) m~3/km之间。研究成果可供研究金沙江干流库区岸坡变形破坏的技术人员参考。
In an attempt to probe into the laws of deformation and failure of bank slope in Xiluodu-Baihetan reach of Jinsha River, we obtain the distribution of bank slope structure and lithology in this segment, and analyze statistically the spatial distribution characteristics of 95 deformation and failure bodies through field investigation and interpreting of high-definition aerial image data. Results reveal that deformation and failure of bank slope is the most developed in the thin layer to interlayer structure, and well developed in the upper Ordovician and the Silurian system and other two types of strata. The morphological characteristics of deformation and failure obey the power law. Cumulative frequency is in negative exponential relationship with horizontal projection length and other parameters, and in linear relationship with the logarithm of the density and modulus of deformation failure. When α equals 0.05, the density of deformation and failure of bank slope ranges in 0.038-1.184 points per kilometer, and modulus between 20×10~4 m~3/km and 4 656×10~4 m~3/km.
In an attempt to probe into the laws of deformation and failure of bank slope in Xiluodu-Baihetan reach of Jinsha River, we obtain the distribution of bank slope structure and lithology in this segment, and analyze statistically the spatial distribution characteristics of 95 deformation and failure bodies through field investigation and interpreting of high-definition aerial image data. Results reveal that deformation and failure of bank slope is the most developed in the thin layer to interlayer structure, and well developed in the upper Ordovician and the Silurian system and other two types of strata. The morphological characteristics of deformation and failure obey the power law. Cumulative frequency is in negative exponential relationship with horizontal projection length and other parameters, and in linear relationship with the logarithm of the density and modulus of deformation failure. When α equals 0.05, the density of deformation and failure of bank slope ranges in 0.038-1.184 points per kilometer, and modulus between 20×10~4 m~3/km and 4 656×10~4 m~3/km.
引文
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[23] 邱海军,崔鹏,曹明明,等.基于最大熵原理的黄土丘陵区地质灾害规模频率分布研究[J].岩土力学,2014,35(12):3541-3549,3555.
[2] 吴吉民.金沙江乌东德库区(库首—龙川江河口段)岸坡地质灾害发育分布规律及库岸稳定性评价[D].成都:成都理工大学,2009.
[3] 邓宏艳,王成华.溪洛渡库区库岸老滑坡工程地质特征及成因机制分析[J].中国水土保持,2011(5):59-62.
[4] KILBURN C R J,PETLEY D N.Forecasting Giant,Catastrophic Slope Collapse:Lessons from Vajont,Northern Italy[J].Geomorphology,2003,54(1/2):21-32.
[5] 刘毅.317国道狮子坪水库区改线段公路病害研究[D].成都:成都理工大学,2010.
[6] 廖秋林,李晓,李守定,等.三峡库区千将坪滑坡的发生、地质地貌特征、成因及滑坡判据研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(17):3146-3153.
[7] 刘广宁,黄波林,王世昌.三峡库区巫峡口—独龙高陡岸坡变形破坏机理研究[J].长江科学院院报,2015,32(2):92-97.
[8] 刘传正,刘艳辉,温铭生,等.长江三峡库区地质灾害成因与评价研究[M].北京:地质出版社,2007.
[9] 陈秀琼,陈永波,孔纪名,等.二滩库区地质灾害分布规律及发展趋势分析[J].山地学报,2007,25(6):737-740.
[10] 崔玉龙,邓建辉.金沙江永善—水富段滑坡分布规律及其形成模式[J].水利水电技术,2017,48(2):143-147,154.
[11] 宋丹青,王丰,宋宏权.九甸峡库区地质灾害分布规律及发展趋势[J].水土保持研究,2017,24(1):365-369.
[12] 王垚,李述靖,王学佑,等.长江三峡库区崩滑地质灾害的形成与分布规律研究[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,2000,11(2):27-32,57.
[13] 赵建军.金沙江下游(向家坝—溪落渡段)河段岸坡稳定性量化评价[D].成都:成都理工大学,2004.
[14] 肖诗荣,刘德富,张国栋.特大顺层岩质水库滑坡研究[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2015.
[15] 陈旭,杜飞翔,杜宇本,等.岷江上游河谷重大重力地质灾害分布规律研究[J].铁道工程学报,2015,32(8):20-24.
[16] 王乐华,徐义根,许晓亮,等.基于模型试验的涉水堆积体岸坡变形-破坏模式研究[J].长江科学院院报,2017,34(5):81-85,91.
[17] 郭培虹,牛瑞卿.基于遥感的三峡库区库岸岩土体类型及空间分布研究[J].长江科学院院报,2010,27(4):70-73.
[18] 刘汉超,陈明东,黎克武,等.库区环境地质评价研究[M].成都:成都科技大学出版社,1993.
[19] 黄润秋,许强.工程地质广义系统科学分析原理及应用[M].北京:地质出版社,1997.
[20] BAK P,TANG C,WIESENFELD K.Self-organized Criticality[J].Physical Review A,1988,1(1):364-374.
[21] 许强,黄润秋.地质灾害发生频率的幂律规则[J].成都理工学院学报,1997,24(增刊):93-98.
[22] 姚令侃,黄艺丹,杨庆华.地震触发崩塌滑坡自组织临界性研究[J].四川大学学报(工程科学版),2010,42(5):33-43.
[23] 邱海军,崔鹏,曹明明,等.基于最大熵原理的黄土丘陵区地质灾害规模频率分布研究[J].岩土力学,2014,35(12):3541-3549,3555.