B9601-Y2溶磷解钾固氮能力及促玉米生长效果研究
|
摘要
为了明确淀粉芽孢杆菌B9601-Y2(Y2)的促生长机制,通过摇瓶培养,检测其溶磷解钾固氮活性;通过盆栽试验,探索Y2对玉米生长量和溶磷解钾量的影响。结果表明,在第7天时,Y2固氮量为2.9 mg/L,解钾量为13.5μg/mL;在第4天时,溶磷量达732μg/mL。与空白对照相比,Y2发酵液能增加玉米株高28.29%,根长27.21%,叶宽18.56%,鲜重80.93%,干重66.67%;提高土壤中速效氮、速效磷和速效钾含量分别为20.42%、111.01%和17.24%,提高植株氮、磷、钾含量45.46%、120.17%、68.45%。研究结果表明,Y2活化土壤中难溶性磷、钾和具有固氮能力,并能促进植株对氮、磷、钾营养的吸收利用。
To understand the mechanisms of Bacillus amylolyquefaciens B9601-Y2(Y2) promoting plant-growth, its activities were tested in a shaking culture experiment and the growth promoting effects and phosphorate-,postassium-dissolving, and nitrogen-fixing(PPN) activities were studied by pot experiment of maize. The results showed that Y2 could fix 2.9 mg/L of nitrogen on non-nitrogen medium and release 13.5 μg/mL of available potassium(AK) on fledspar dissolving medium at the 7 th day, and release 732 μg/mL of available phosphorus(AP) on phosphate dissolving medium by 4-day cultivation. Y2 fermentations broth could significantly promote maize growth, i.e.increased plant height, root length, leaf width, fresh weight and dry weight by 28.29%, 27.21%, 18.56%, 80.93%and 66.67%, respectively. Compared with the soil before treatment, the nutrients in soil applied with Y2 were increased, including 20.42% available nitrogen, 111.01% AP and 17.24% AK. The AN, AP and AK, however, reduced in the soils applied with water(blank CK) and Luria-Bertani(LB) medium. Drenching maize plant by Y2 fermentation liquid could increase 45.46% total nitrogen of maize plant and 120.17% total phosphorus compared with CK, which indicated that the beneficial microbes not only activated combined phosphorus and potassium, but also fixed nitrogen, and then promoted maize plants growth through absorbing more nitorgen, phosphorus and postassium.
To understand the mechanisms of Bacillus amylolyquefaciens B9601-Y2(Y2) promoting plant-growth, its activities were tested in a shaking culture experiment and the growth promoting effects and phosphorate-,postassium-dissolving, and nitrogen-fixing(PPN) activities were studied by pot experiment of maize. The results showed that Y2 could fix 2.9 mg/L of nitrogen on non-nitrogen medium and release 13.5 μg/mL of available potassium(AK) on fledspar dissolving medium at the 7 th day, and release 732 μg/mL of available phosphorus(AP) on phosphate dissolving medium by 4-day cultivation. Y2 fermentations broth could significantly promote maize growth, i.e.increased plant height, root length, leaf width, fresh weight and dry weight by 28.29%, 27.21%, 18.56%, 80.93%and 66.67%, respectively. Compared with the soil before treatment, the nutrients in soil applied with Y2 were increased, including 20.42% available nitrogen, 111.01% AP and 17.24% AK. The AN, AP and AK, however, reduced in the soils applied with water(blank CK) and Luria-Bertani(LB) medium. Drenching maize plant by Y2 fermentation liquid could increase 45.46% total nitrogen of maize plant and 120.17% total phosphorus compared with CK, which indicated that the beneficial microbes not only activated combined phosphorus and potassium, but also fixed nitrogen, and then promoted maize plants growth through absorbing more nitorgen, phosphorus and postassium.
引文
[1]巨晓棠,谷保静.氮素管理的指标[J].土壤学报,2017,54(2):281-296.Ju X T,Gu B J.Indicators of nitrogen management[J].Acta Pedologica Sinica,2017,54(2):281-296.(in Chinese)
[2]Pajares S,Bohannan B J M.Ecology of nitrogen fixing,nitrifying,and denitrifying microorganisms in tropical forest soils[J].Frontiers in Microbiology,2016,7:1045.
[3]Yallappa M,Savalgi V P,Shruthi P,et al.Effect of potassium solubilizing bacteria and phosphorus solubilizing bacteria on growth and yield of maize(Zea mays L.)[J].Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology,2015,9(4):3103-3108.
[4]Ryan J,Ibrikci H,Delgado A,et al.Significance of phosphorus for agriculture and the environment in the West Asia and North Africa Region[J].Advances in Agronomy,2012,114:91.
[5]赵小蓉,林启美.细菌解磷能力测定方法的研究[J].微生物学通报,2001,28(1):1-4.Zhao X R,Lin Q M.The methods for quantifying capacity of bacteria in dissolving P compounds[J].Journal of Microbiology.2001,28(1):1-4.(in Chinese)
[6]Johnson D W,Curtis P S.Effects of forest management on soil C and N storage:meta analysis[J].Forest Ecology and Management.2001,140(2):227-238.
[7]谢林花,吕家珑,张一平,等.长期施肥对石灰性土壤磷素肥力的影响Ⅰ.有机质、全磷和速效磷[J].应用生态学报,2004,15(5):787-789.Xie L H,LüJ L,Zhang Y P,et al.Influence of long-term fertilization on phosphorus fertility of calcareous soil.Ⅱ.Inorganic andorganic phosphorus[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2004,15(5):787-789.(in Chinese)
[8]Yadav,K S,and Dadarwal K R.Phosphate solubilization and mobilization through soil microorganisms.In:Biotechnological approaches in soil microorganisms for sustainable crop production[C].Scientific Publishers,Jodhpur 1997:293-308.
[9]Babalola O O,Glick B R.Indigenous African agriculture and plant associated microbes:current practice and future transgenic prospects[J].Sci.Res.Essays,2012,7:2431-2439.
[10]Meena V S,Bahadur I,Maurya B R,et al.Potassium-solubilizing microorganism in evergreen agriculture:an overview[M].Potassium Solubilizing Microorganisms for Sustainable Agriculture.Springer,New Delhi,2016:1-20.
[11]Alori E,Fawole O,Afolayan A.Characterization of arbuscular mycorrhizal spores isolated from Southern Guinea Savanna of Nigeria[J].Journal of Agricultural Science,2012,4(7):13-19.
[12]张燕春,孙建光,徐晶,等.固氮芽孢杆菌GD272的筛选鉴定及其固氮性能研究[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2009,15(5):1196-1201.Zhang Y C,Sun J G,Xu Jing,et al.Isolation and identification and evaluation of nitrogen-fixing bacillus strain GD272[J].Plant nutrition and Fertilizer Science,2009,15(5):1196-1201.(in Chinese)
[13]Alam S,Cui Z,Yamagishi T,et al.Grain yield and related physiological characteristics of rice plants(L.)inoculated with free-living rhizobacteria[J].Plant Production Science,2015,4(2):126-130.
[14]J.Kevin Vessey,Heisinger K G.Effect of Penicillium bilaii inoculation and phosphorus fertilisation[J].Canadian Journal of Plant Science,2001,81(3):361-366.
[15]陈欣,宇万太,沈善敏.磷肥低量施用制度下土壤磷库的发展变化[J].土壤学报,1997,34(1):81-87.Chen X,Yu W T,Shen S M.et al.Changes of soil phosphorus pool under low-input phosphorus fertilization systemⅡ.Soil available phosphorus and the composition of soil inorganic phosphorus[J].Acta Pedologica Sinica.1997,34(1):81-88.(in Chinese)
[16]胡洲,吴毅歆,毛自朝,等.硅酸盐细菌的分离,鉴定及其生物学特性研究[J].江西农业大学学报,2013,35(3):609-614.Hu Z,Wu Y X,Mao Z C,et al.Isolation,Identification and biological characterization of silicate bacteria[J].Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis,2013,35(3):609-614.(in Chinese)
[17]Saif,Saima,and Mohammad Saghir Khan.Assessment of Heavy Metals Toxicity on Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria and Seedling Characteristics of Pseudomonas putida SFB3 Inoculated Greengram[J].Acta Scientific Agriculture 1(2017):47-56.
[18]Ying W,Yang C,Yao Y,et al.The diversity and potential function of endophytic bacteria isolated from Kobreasia capillifolia at alpine grasslands on the Tibetan Plateau,China[J].Journal of Integrative Agriculture,2016,15(9):2153-2162.
[19]鲍士旦.土壤农化分析(第三版)[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2000.
[20]张俊祥,程少丽,吴兴兴,等.生防菌株B9601-Y2促进植物生长和防治辣椒青枯病研究.中国植物病理学会2009年学术年会论文集[C].北京:中国农业科技出版社,2009.
[21]Wu F Y,Wan J H C,et al.Effects of earthworms and plant growthpromoting rhizobacteria(PGPR)on availability of nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium in soil[J].J Plant Nutr Soil Sci.,2012,175:423-433.
[22]Yaish,Mahmoud W,Irin Antony,Bernard R.Glick.Isolation and characterization of endophytic plant growth-promoting bacteria from date palm tree(Phoenix dactylifera L.)and their potential role in salinity tolerance[J].Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 107.6(2015):1519-1532.
[23]Wu S C,Cao Z H,Li Z G,et al.Effects of biofertilizer containing Nfixer,P and K solubilizers and AM fungi on maize growth,a greenhouse trial[J].Geoderma,2005,125:155-166.
[24]崔文艳,何朋杰,尚娟,等.解淀粉芽孢杆菌B9601-Y2对玉米的防病促生长效果研究[J].玉米科学,2015,23(5):153-158.Cui W Y,He P J,Shang J,et al.Effects of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens B9601-Y2 on diseases control and growth-promotion of maize[J].Journal of Maize Sciences,2015,23(5):153-158.(in Chinese)
[25]Divito,Guillermo A,Victor O.Sadras.How do phosphorus,potassium and sulphur affect plant growth and biological nitrogen fixation in crop and pasture legumes?A meta-analysis[J].Field Crops Research,2014,156:161-171.
[26]Ji S H,Gururani M A,Chun S C.Isolation and characterization of plant growth promoting endophytic diazotrophic bacteria from Korean rice cultivars[J].Microbiological Research,2014,169(1):83-98.
[27]Mehta P,Walia A,Chauhan A,et al.Plant growth promoting traits of phosphate-solubilizing rhizobacteria isolated from apple trees in trans Himalayan region of Him achal Pradesh[J].Archives of Microbiology,2013,195(5):357-369.
[2]Pajares S,Bohannan B J M.Ecology of nitrogen fixing,nitrifying,and denitrifying microorganisms in tropical forest soils[J].Frontiers in Microbiology,2016,7:1045.
[3]Yallappa M,Savalgi V P,Shruthi P,et al.Effect of potassium solubilizing bacteria and phosphorus solubilizing bacteria on growth and yield of maize(Zea mays L.)[J].Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology,2015,9(4):3103-3108.
[4]Ryan J,Ibrikci H,Delgado A,et al.Significance of phosphorus for agriculture and the environment in the West Asia and North Africa Region[J].Advances in Agronomy,2012,114:91.
[5]赵小蓉,林启美.细菌解磷能力测定方法的研究[J].微生物学通报,2001,28(1):1-4.Zhao X R,Lin Q M.The methods for quantifying capacity of bacteria in dissolving P compounds[J].Journal of Microbiology.2001,28(1):1-4.(in Chinese)
[6]Johnson D W,Curtis P S.Effects of forest management on soil C and N storage:meta analysis[J].Forest Ecology and Management.2001,140(2):227-238.
[7]谢林花,吕家珑,张一平,等.长期施肥对石灰性土壤磷素肥力的影响Ⅰ.有机质、全磷和速效磷[J].应用生态学报,2004,15(5):787-789.Xie L H,LüJ L,Zhang Y P,et al.Influence of long-term fertilization on phosphorus fertility of calcareous soil.Ⅱ.Inorganic andorganic phosphorus[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2004,15(5):787-789.(in Chinese)
[8]Yadav,K S,and Dadarwal K R.Phosphate solubilization and mobilization through soil microorganisms.In:Biotechnological approaches in soil microorganisms for sustainable crop production[C].Scientific Publishers,Jodhpur 1997:293-308.
[9]Babalola O O,Glick B R.Indigenous African agriculture and plant associated microbes:current practice and future transgenic prospects[J].Sci.Res.Essays,2012,7:2431-2439.
[10]Meena V S,Bahadur I,Maurya B R,et al.Potassium-solubilizing microorganism in evergreen agriculture:an overview[M].Potassium Solubilizing Microorganisms for Sustainable Agriculture.Springer,New Delhi,2016:1-20.
[11]Alori E,Fawole O,Afolayan A.Characterization of arbuscular mycorrhizal spores isolated from Southern Guinea Savanna of Nigeria[J].Journal of Agricultural Science,2012,4(7):13-19.
[12]张燕春,孙建光,徐晶,等.固氮芽孢杆菌GD272的筛选鉴定及其固氮性能研究[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2009,15(5):1196-1201.Zhang Y C,Sun J G,Xu Jing,et al.Isolation and identification and evaluation of nitrogen-fixing bacillus strain GD272[J].Plant nutrition and Fertilizer Science,2009,15(5):1196-1201.(in Chinese)
[13]Alam S,Cui Z,Yamagishi T,et al.Grain yield and related physiological characteristics of rice plants(L.)inoculated with free-living rhizobacteria[J].Plant Production Science,2015,4(2):126-130.
[14]J.Kevin Vessey,Heisinger K G.Effect of Penicillium bilaii inoculation and phosphorus fertilisation[J].Canadian Journal of Plant Science,2001,81(3):361-366.
[15]陈欣,宇万太,沈善敏.磷肥低量施用制度下土壤磷库的发展变化[J].土壤学报,1997,34(1):81-87.Chen X,Yu W T,Shen S M.et al.Changes of soil phosphorus pool under low-input phosphorus fertilization systemⅡ.Soil available phosphorus and the composition of soil inorganic phosphorus[J].Acta Pedologica Sinica.1997,34(1):81-88.(in Chinese)
[16]胡洲,吴毅歆,毛自朝,等.硅酸盐细菌的分离,鉴定及其生物学特性研究[J].江西农业大学学报,2013,35(3):609-614.Hu Z,Wu Y X,Mao Z C,et al.Isolation,Identification and biological characterization of silicate bacteria[J].Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis,2013,35(3):609-614.(in Chinese)
[17]Saif,Saima,and Mohammad Saghir Khan.Assessment of Heavy Metals Toxicity on Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria and Seedling Characteristics of Pseudomonas putida SFB3 Inoculated Greengram[J].Acta Scientific Agriculture 1(2017):47-56.
[18]Ying W,Yang C,Yao Y,et al.The diversity and potential function of endophytic bacteria isolated from Kobreasia capillifolia at alpine grasslands on the Tibetan Plateau,China[J].Journal of Integrative Agriculture,2016,15(9):2153-2162.
[19]鲍士旦.土壤农化分析(第三版)[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2000.
[20]张俊祥,程少丽,吴兴兴,等.生防菌株B9601-Y2促进植物生长和防治辣椒青枯病研究.中国植物病理学会2009年学术年会论文集[C].北京:中国农业科技出版社,2009.
[21]Wu F Y,Wan J H C,et al.Effects of earthworms and plant growthpromoting rhizobacteria(PGPR)on availability of nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium in soil[J].J Plant Nutr Soil Sci.,2012,175:423-433.
[22]Yaish,Mahmoud W,Irin Antony,Bernard R.Glick.Isolation and characterization of endophytic plant growth-promoting bacteria from date palm tree(Phoenix dactylifera L.)and their potential role in salinity tolerance[J].Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 107.6(2015):1519-1532.
[23]Wu S C,Cao Z H,Li Z G,et al.Effects of biofertilizer containing Nfixer,P and K solubilizers and AM fungi on maize growth,a greenhouse trial[J].Geoderma,2005,125:155-166.
[24]崔文艳,何朋杰,尚娟,等.解淀粉芽孢杆菌B9601-Y2对玉米的防病促生长效果研究[J].玉米科学,2015,23(5):153-158.Cui W Y,He P J,Shang J,et al.Effects of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens B9601-Y2 on diseases control and growth-promotion of maize[J].Journal of Maize Sciences,2015,23(5):153-158.(in Chinese)
[25]Divito,Guillermo A,Victor O.Sadras.How do phosphorus,potassium and sulphur affect plant growth and biological nitrogen fixation in crop and pasture legumes?A meta-analysis[J].Field Crops Research,2014,156:161-171.
[26]Ji S H,Gururani M A,Chun S C.Isolation and characterization of plant growth promoting endophytic diazotrophic bacteria from Korean rice cultivars[J].Microbiological Research,2014,169(1):83-98.
[27]Mehta P,Walia A,Chauhan A,et al.Plant growth promoting traits of phosphate-solubilizing rhizobacteria isolated from apple trees in trans Himalayan region of Him achal Pradesh[J].Archives of Microbiology,2013,195(5):357-369.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |