光对油菜胚中蛋白质和脂肪酸生物合成的影响
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摘要
为探究光对油菜胚中蛋白质和脂肪酸生物合成中的影响,本研究于油菜开花后25 d(25 d)起,对油菜角果用锡箔进行遮光处理,分别收集遮光处理后3 d(28 d)和10 d(35 d)角果种子中的胚,以未遮光处理的油菜种子胚为对照。结果表明,与对照相比,经遮光处理的胚中叶绿素和蛋白质含量显著降低;脂肪酸组分发生明显变化,其中棕榈酸(C16:0)、硬脂酸(C18:0)和油酸(C18:1)含量显著增加,而不饱和脂肪酸中的亚油酸(C18:2)和亚麻酸(C18:3)含量却大幅下降。进一步将开花后25 d油菜胚在加入电子传递抑制剂DCC培养基中进行体外培养,发现胚中不饱和脂肪酸的生物合成以及叶绿素含量均受到ATP的调节。综上,油菜胚发育过程中光照可以影响质体中氨基酸和脂肪酸的生物合成,从而调控油菜营养物的积累。本研究揭示了质体光合作用在油菜种子油脂积累过程中的作用,为今后培育高含油量、高品质油菜品种提供了理论依据。
To dissect the effect of light on the biosynthesis of protein and fatty acid components in Brassica napus L.embryos,this study was carried out by masked the developing silique with tinfoil on the 25 days after the flowering of B.napus( 25 d). After 3 days( 28 d) and 10 days( 35 d),the embryos were collected from seeds in the masked silique,and the embryos from unmasked silique were used as the control. And analysis of chlorophll content、protein content and fatty acid composition was performed. The results showed that the contents of chlorophyll and protein in the masking-treated embryos significantly reduced compared with that in the control. The fatty acid components have differential changed. In which,the content of palmitic acid( C16: 0),stearic acid( C18: 0) and oleic acid( C18: 1) showed significantly increase,while the unsaturated fatty acid linoleic acid( C18: 2) and linolenic acid( C18: 3) slumped.Furthermore,when the the embryos 25 d after flowering were cultured in medium with electron transport inhibitor N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide( DCC),the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids and the content chlorophyll in the embryos significantly reduced. These results indicated that the light transmitted into embryo greatly affected the biosynthesis of fatty acids in plastids during the development of B.napus embryos,thereby regulating the accumulation of storage reserve in seed.
To dissect the effect of light on the biosynthesis of protein and fatty acid components in Brassica napus L.embryos,this study was carried out by masked the developing silique with tinfoil on the 25 days after the flowering of B.napus( 25 d). After 3 days( 28 d) and 10 days( 35 d),the embryos were collected from seeds in the masked silique,and the embryos from unmasked silique were used as the control. And analysis of chlorophll content、protein content and fatty acid composition was performed. The results showed that the contents of chlorophyll and protein in the masking-treated embryos significantly reduced compared with that in the control. The fatty acid components have differential changed. In which,the content of palmitic acid( C16: 0),stearic acid( C18: 0) and oleic acid( C18: 1) showed significantly increase,while the unsaturated fatty acid linoleic acid( C18: 2) and linolenic acid( C18: 3) slumped.Furthermore,when the the embryos 25 d after flowering were cultured in medium with electron transport inhibitor N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide( DCC),the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids and the content chlorophyll in the embryos significantly reduced. These results indicated that the light transmitted into embryo greatly affected the biosynthesis of fatty acids in plastids during the development of B.napus embryos,thereby regulating the accumulation of storage reserve in seed.
引文
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[15]王春丽,海江波,田建华,杨建利,赵晓光.油菜终花后角果和叶片光合对籽粒产量和品质的影响[J].西北植物学报,2014,34(8):1620-1626
[16]徐立荣.食用油贮藏过程自动氧化变化规律研究[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2017:28-38
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[18] Guillaume A,Florence C,Fabien C,Silva L-M. Plastid gene expression during chloroplast differentiation and dedifferentiation into non-photosynthetic plastids during seed formation[J]. Plant Molecular Biology,2013,82(1/2):59-70
[19] Mansfield S G,Briarty L G. Early embryogenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana.Ⅱ. The developing embryo[J]. Canadian Journal of Botany,1991,69(3):447-460
[20] Mansfield S G, Briarty L G. Cotyledon cell development in Arabidopsis thaliana during reserve deposition[J]. Canadian Journal of Botany,1992,70(1):151-164
[21] Wang K,Froehlich J E,Zienkiewicz A,Hersh H L,Benning C. A plastid phosphatidylglycerol lipase contributes to the export of acyl groups from plastids for seed oil biosynthesis[J]. The Plant Cell,2017,29(7):1678-1696
[22] Ruuska S A,Schwender J,Ohlrogge J B. The capacity of green oilseeds to utilize photosynthesis to drive biosynthetic processes[J].Plant Physiology,2004,136(2):3409-3409
[23] Eastmond P, Koláˇc náL, Rawsthorne S. Photosynthesis by developing embryos of oilseed rape(Brassica napus L.)[J]. Journal of Experimental Botany,1996,47(304):1763-1769
[24] Bashir H,Qureshi MⅠ,Ibrahim M M,Iqbal M. Chloroplast and photosystems:Impact of cadmium and iron deficiency[J].Photosynthetica,2015,53(3):321-335
[25] Chao L,Zhang Y J,Cheng S F,Osorio S,Sun Y Z,Fernie A R,Cheung C Y M, Lim B L. Impacts of high ATP supply from chloroplasts and mitochondria on the leaf metabolism of Arabidopsis thaliana[J]. Frontiers in Plant Science,2015,6:922
[26] Schttler M A,Tóth S Z,Boulouis A,Kahlau S. Photosynthetic complex stoichiometry dynamics in higher plants:Biogenesis,function,and turnover of ATP synthase and the cytochrome b6f complex[J]. Journal of Experimental Botany,2015,66(9):2373-2400
[27] Kremnev D,Strand. Plastid encoded RNA polymerase activity and expression of photosynthesis genes required for embryo and seed development in Arabidopsis[J]. Front Plant Science,2014,5(5):385
[28]陈婷.油菜叶片和角果光合对其籽粒产量及品质的影响[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2016:26-27
[29]邵玉娇,王学奎,胡立勇,吴江生.光强对油菜角果生长发育及几项品质指标的影响[J].江西农业学报,2009,21(7):25-28
[30] Schwender J,Ohlrogge J B. Probing in vivo metabolism by stable isotope labeling of storage lipids and proteins in developing Brassica napus embryos[J]. Plant Physiology,2002,130(1):347-361
[31]杨敏文.快速测定植物叶片叶绿素含量方法的探讨[J].光谱实验室,2002,19(4):478-481
[32]王志慧.油料作物含油量差异原因的初步分析[D].武汉:中南民族大学,2013:20-24
[33]王志新.环境因素对大豆化学品质及产量影响研究Ⅱ.遮光对大豆化学品质及产量的影响[J].大豆科学,2004,23(1):41-44
[34]吴正锋,刘俊华,万书波,孙奎香,孙学武,冯昊,王才斌.遮光持续时间对花生荚果产量和品质的影响[J].山东农业科学,2011(2):30-33
[35] Browse J,Slack C R. Fatty-acid synthesis in plastids from maturing safflower and linseed cotyledons[J]. Planta,1985,166(1):74-80
[36]曾浪.叶绿体甘油醛-3-磷酸脱氢酶在拟南芥种子脂肪酸从头合成作用中的研究[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2015:10-12
[37] Tan H L,Xie Q J,Xiang X E,Li J Q,Zheng S N,Xu X Y,Guo H L,Ye W X. Dynamic metabolic profiles and tissue-specific source effects on the metabolome of developing seeds of Brassica napus[J]. PLoS One,2015,10(4):e0124794
[38] Rolletschek H,Radchuk R,Klukas C,Schreiber F,Wobus U,Borisjuk L. Evidence of a key role for photosynthetic oxygen release in oil storage in developing soybean seeds[J]. New Phytologist,2005,167(3):777-786
[2] Hu Q,Hua W,Yin Y,Zhang X K,Liu L J,Shi J Q,Zhao Y G,Qin L,Chen C,Wang H Z. Rapeseed research and production in China[J]. The Crop Journal,2017,5(2):127-135
[3]蔡静.甘蓝型油菜一个主效开花期QTL q FTc2-1的精细定位[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2016:1-2
[4]王利国,徐宝刚.菜籽饼粕中抗营养因子的危害与消除[J].畜牧兽医科技信息,2017(7):132-132
[5]丁艳,李丽倩,曹蓉,唐根胜,顾振新,韩永斌.油菜籽饼粕中硫苷的酶解条件优化及降解产物分析[J].中国农业科学,2014,47(2):383-393
[6]李殿荣,陈文杰,于修烛,王灏,任军荣,张耀文.双低菜籽油的保健作用与高含油量优质油菜育种及高效益思考[J].中国油料作物学报,2016,38(6):850-854
[7]黄璜.脂肪酶催化棉籽油冬化产物制备结构脂质研究[D].长沙:湖南农业大学,2014:10-15
[8]袁新博.拟南芥白化突变体pde191加糖变绿现象机制初步研究[D].上海:上海师范大学,2014:9-12
[9]王钦美,张志宏.植物质体基因组研究进展[J].沈阳农业大学学报,2015,46(5):513-520
[10]谷晓博,李援农,杜娅丹,吴国军.不同种植和覆膜方式对冬油菜出苗及苗期生长状况的影响[J].中国农村水利水电,2016(9):10-17
[11]汪雪芳.油菜籽叶绿素测定方法研究及应用[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2008:12-15
[12] Lu Z F,Pan Y H,Hu W S,Cong R H,Ren T,Guo S W,Lu J W.The photosynthetic and structural differences between leaves and siliques of Brassica napus exposed to potassium deficiency[J]. BMC Plant Biology,2017,17(1):240
[13]张耀文,赵小光,关周博,王学芳,侯君利,田建华,董育红,李殿荣,卢庆陶,卢从明.油菜角果光合特性研究现状及改良思路[J].中国油料作物学报,2017,39(5):704-713
[14] Ma N,Yuan J,Li M,Li J,Zhang L,Liu L,Naeem M S,Zhang C.Ideotype population exploration:Growth,photosynthesis,and yield components at different planting densities in winter oilseed rape(Brassica napus L.)[J]. PLoS One,2014,9(12):e114232
[15]王春丽,海江波,田建华,杨建利,赵晓光.油菜终花后角果和叶片光合对籽粒产量和品质的影响[J].西北植物学报,2014,34(8):1620-1626
[16]徐立荣.食用油贮藏过程自动氧化变化规律研究[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2017:28-38
[17] Luna-Valdez L A D, León-Mejía P, Encarnación-Guevara S,Guevara-García A A. Chloroplast omics[M]//Barh D,Khan M S,Davies E. PlantOmics:The Omics of Plant Science. India:Springer,2015:534-553
[18] Guillaume A,Florence C,Fabien C,Silva L-M. Plastid gene expression during chloroplast differentiation and dedifferentiation into non-photosynthetic plastids during seed formation[J]. Plant Molecular Biology,2013,82(1/2):59-70
[19] Mansfield S G,Briarty L G. Early embryogenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana.Ⅱ. The developing embryo[J]. Canadian Journal of Botany,1991,69(3):447-460
[20] Mansfield S G, Briarty L G. Cotyledon cell development in Arabidopsis thaliana during reserve deposition[J]. Canadian Journal of Botany,1992,70(1):151-164
[21] Wang K,Froehlich J E,Zienkiewicz A,Hersh H L,Benning C. A plastid phosphatidylglycerol lipase contributes to the export of acyl groups from plastids for seed oil biosynthesis[J]. The Plant Cell,2017,29(7):1678-1696
[22] Ruuska S A,Schwender J,Ohlrogge J B. The capacity of green oilseeds to utilize photosynthesis to drive biosynthetic processes[J].Plant Physiology,2004,136(2):3409-3409
[23] Eastmond P, Koláˇc náL, Rawsthorne S. Photosynthesis by developing embryos of oilseed rape(Brassica napus L.)[J]. Journal of Experimental Botany,1996,47(304):1763-1769
[24] Bashir H,Qureshi MⅠ,Ibrahim M M,Iqbal M. Chloroplast and photosystems:Impact of cadmium and iron deficiency[J].Photosynthetica,2015,53(3):321-335
[25] Chao L,Zhang Y J,Cheng S F,Osorio S,Sun Y Z,Fernie A R,Cheung C Y M, Lim B L. Impacts of high ATP supply from chloroplasts and mitochondria on the leaf metabolism of Arabidopsis thaliana[J]. Frontiers in Plant Science,2015,6:922
[26] Schttler M A,Tóth S Z,Boulouis A,Kahlau S. Photosynthetic complex stoichiometry dynamics in higher plants:Biogenesis,function,and turnover of ATP synthase and the cytochrome b6f complex[J]. Journal of Experimental Botany,2015,66(9):2373-2400
[27] Kremnev D,Strand. Plastid encoded RNA polymerase activity and expression of photosynthesis genes required for embryo and seed development in Arabidopsis[J]. Front Plant Science,2014,5(5):385
[28]陈婷.油菜叶片和角果光合对其籽粒产量及品质的影响[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2016:26-27
[29]邵玉娇,王学奎,胡立勇,吴江生.光强对油菜角果生长发育及几项品质指标的影响[J].江西农业学报,2009,21(7):25-28
[30] Schwender J,Ohlrogge J B. Probing in vivo metabolism by stable isotope labeling of storage lipids and proteins in developing Brassica napus embryos[J]. Plant Physiology,2002,130(1):347-361
[31]杨敏文.快速测定植物叶片叶绿素含量方法的探讨[J].光谱实验室,2002,19(4):478-481
[32]王志慧.油料作物含油量差异原因的初步分析[D].武汉:中南民族大学,2013:20-24
[33]王志新.环境因素对大豆化学品质及产量影响研究Ⅱ.遮光对大豆化学品质及产量的影响[J].大豆科学,2004,23(1):41-44
[34]吴正锋,刘俊华,万书波,孙奎香,孙学武,冯昊,王才斌.遮光持续时间对花生荚果产量和品质的影响[J].山东农业科学,2011(2):30-33
[35] Browse J,Slack C R. Fatty-acid synthesis in plastids from maturing safflower and linseed cotyledons[J]. Planta,1985,166(1):74-80
[36]曾浪.叶绿体甘油醛-3-磷酸脱氢酶在拟南芥种子脂肪酸从头合成作用中的研究[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2015:10-12
[37] Tan H L,Xie Q J,Xiang X E,Li J Q,Zheng S N,Xu X Y,Guo H L,Ye W X. Dynamic metabolic profiles and tissue-specific source effects on the metabolome of developing seeds of Brassica napus[J]. PLoS One,2015,10(4):e0124794
[38] Rolletschek H,Radchuk R,Klukas C,Schreiber F,Wobus U,Borisjuk L. Evidence of a key role for photosynthetic oxygen release in oil storage in developing soybean seeds[J]. New Phytologist,2005,167(3):777-786
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