Data mining in Xu Runsan's Traditional Chinese Medicine practice:treatment of chronic pelvic pain caused by pelvic inflammatory disease
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摘要
OBJECTIVE:To research the Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)practice of Professor Xu Runsan for treatment of chronic pelvic pain(CPP)caused by sequelae of pelvic inflammatory disease(SPID)by data mining.METHODS:The medical records of inpatients at China-Japan Friendship Hospital confirmed to have CPP caused by SPID were collected(274 visits in total).The data extracted from the medical records were analyzed by frequency statistics,correlation analyses,cluster analyses,and complex network analyses.RESULTS:The most frequently used medicines were warm medicines,bitter medicines,and medicines distributed to the liver meridian.The most common medicinal combinations were Chishao(Radix Paeoniae Rubra)plus Huangqi(Radix Astragali Mongolici)plus Sanqi(Radix Notoginseng)and Ezhu(Rhizoma Curcumae Phaeocoulis);Guizhi(Ramulus Cinnamomi)plus Fuling(Poria)and Chishao(Radix Poeoniae Rubra); and Chaihu(Radix Bupleuri Chinensis)plus Zhishi(Fructus Aurantii Immaturus)and Gancao(Radix Glycyrrhizae).The most frequently used medicines were divided into four groups according to their efficacy; i.e.,medicines that could(a)warm meridians and free collateral vessels,(b)regulate Qi and free collateral vessels,(c)fortify the spleen and nourish blood and Qi,and(d)tonify Qi and activate blood.The most commonly used formulations were Guizhi FulingPill and Sini Powder.The core medicines extracted based on complex network analyses were Chishao(Radix Poeoniae Rubra),Sanqi(Radix Notoginseng),Hua ngqi(Radix Astragali Mongolica),Danshen(Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae),Ezhu(Rhizoma Curcumae Phaeocaulis), Gancao(Radix Glycyrrhizae),Chaihu(Radix Bupleuri Chinensis),Guizhi(Romulus Cinnomomi),Shuizhi(Hirudo), Fuling(Poria),and Zhishi(Fructus Aurantii Immaturus).CONCLUSION:According to the TCM practice of Professor Xui,treatment of CPP caused by SPID should focus on dissolving stasis and obstructions using medicines that can activate blood,resolve stasis,regulate Qi,and dissipate adhesions.His prescriptions are often based on Guizhi Fuling Pill and Sini Powder.More blood-activating,stasis-resolving,or tonifying medicines could be used according to the accompanying symptoms or symptom patterns identified.
OBJECTIVE:To research the Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)practice of Professor Xu Runsan for treatment of chronic pelvic pain(CPP)caused by sequelae of pelvic inflammatory disease(SPID)by data mining.METHODS:The medical records of inpatients at China-Japan Friendship Hospital confirmed to have CPP caused by SPID were collected(274 visits in total).The data extracted from the medical records were analyzed by frequency statistics,correlation analyses,cluster analyses,and complex network analyses.RESULTS:The most frequently used medicines were warm medicines,bitter medicines,and medicines distributed to the liver meridian.The most common medicinal combinations were Chishao(Radix Paeoniae Rubra)plus Huangqi(Radix Astragali Mongolici)plus Sanqi(Radix Notoginseng)and Ezhu(Rhizoma Curcumae Phaeocoulis);Guizhi(Ramulus Cinnamomi)plus Fuling(Poria)and Chishao(Radix Poeoniae Rubra); and Chaihu(Radix Bupleuri Chinensis)plus Zhishi(Fructus Aurantii Immaturus)and Gancao(Radix Glycyrrhizae).The most frequently used medicines were divided into four groups according to their efficacy; i.e.,medicines that could(a)warm meridians and free collateral vessels,(b)regulate Qi and free collateral vessels,(c)fortify the spleen and nourish blood and Qi,and(d)tonify Qi and activate blood.The most commonly used formulations were Guizhi FulingPill and Sini Powder.The core medicines extracted based on complex network analyses were Chishao(Radix Poeoniae Rubra),Sanqi(Radix Notoginseng),Hua ngqi(Radix Astragali Mongolica),Danshen(Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae),Ezhu(Rhizoma Curcumae Phaeocaulis), Gancao(Radix Glycyrrhizae),Chaihu(Radix Bupleuri Chinensis),Guizhi(Romulus Cinnomomi),Shuizhi(Hirudo), Fuling(Poria),and Zhishi(Fructus Aurantii Immaturus).CONCLUSION:According to the TCM practice of Professor Xui,treatment of CPP caused by SPID should focus on dissolving stasis and obstructions using medicines that can activate blood,resolve stasis,regulate Qi,and dissipate adhesions.His prescriptions are often based on Guizhi Fuling Pill and Sini Powder.More blood-activating,stasis-resolving,or tonifying medicines could be used according to the accompanying symptoms or symptom patterns identified.
OBJECTIVE:To research the Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)practice of Professor Xu Runsan for treatment of chronic pelvic pain(CPP)caused by sequelae of pelvic inflammatory disease(SPID)by data mining.METHODS:The medical records of inpatients at China-Japan Friendship Hospital confirmed to have CPP caused by SPID were collected(274 visits in total).The data extracted from the medical records were analyzed by frequency statistics,correlation analyses,cluster analyses,and complex network analyses.RESULTS:The most frequently used medicines were warm medicines,bitter medicines,and medicines distributed to the liver meridian.The most common medicinal combinations were Chishao(Radix Paeoniae Rubra)plus Huangqi(Radix Astragali Mongolici)plus Sanqi(Radix Notoginseng)and Ezhu(Rhizoma Curcumae Phaeocoulis);Guizhi(Ramulus Cinnamomi)plus Fuling(Poria)and Chishao(Radix Poeoniae Rubra); and Chaihu(Radix Bupleuri Chinensis)plus Zhishi(Fructus Aurantii Immaturus)and Gancao(Radix Glycyrrhizae).The most frequently used medicines were divided into four groups according to their efficacy; i.e.,medicines that could(a)warm meridians and free collateral vessels,(b)regulate Qi and free collateral vessels,(c)fortify the spleen and nourish blood and Qi,and(d)tonify Qi and activate blood.The most commonly used formulations were Guizhi FulingPill and Sini Powder.The core medicines extracted based on complex network analyses were Chishao(Radix Poeoniae Rubra),Sanqi(Radix Notoginseng),Hua ngqi(Radix Astragali Mongolica),Danshen(Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae),Ezhu(Rhizoma Curcumae Phaeocaulis), Gancao(Radix Glycyrrhizae),Chaihu(Radix Bupleuri Chinensis),Guizhi(Romulus Cinnomomi),Shuizhi(Hirudo), Fuling(Poria),and Zhishi(Fructus Aurantii Immaturus).CONCLUSION:According to the TCM practice of Professor Xui,treatment of CPP caused by SPID should focus on dissolving stasis and obstructions using medicines that can activate blood,resolve stasis,regulate Qi,and dissipate adhesions.His prescriptions are often based on Guizhi Fuling Pill and Sini Powder.More blood-activating,stasis-resolving,or tonifying medicines could be used according to the accompanying symptoms or symptom patterns identified.
引文
1 Bu XL,Liu YX,Lu QD,Jin Z.Effects of"Danzhi decoction"on chronic pelvic pain,hemodynamics,and proinflammatory factors in the murine model of sequelae of pelvic inflammatory disease.Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2015;2015:547251.
2 Fan LL,Yu WH,Liu XQ,et al.A Meta-analysis on effectiveness of acupuncture and moxibustion for chronic pelvic inflammatory disease.Zhen Ci Yan Jiu 2014;39(2):156-163.
3 Linda M.Speer,Saudia Mushkbar,Tara Erbele.Chronic pelvic pain in women.Am Fam Physician 2016;93(5):380-387.
4 Gerner-Rasmussen J,Burcharth J,G?genur I.The efficacy of adhesiolysis on chronic abdominal pain:a systematic review.Langenbecks Arch Surg 2015;400(5):567-576.
5 van den Beukel BA,de Ree R,van Leuven S,et al.Surgical treatment of adhesion-related chronic abdominal and pelvic pain after gynaecological and general surgery:a systematic review and Meta-analysis.Hum Reprod Update2017;23(3):276-288.
6 Liang Z,Xu L,Jin Z.Clinical observation of danzhi decoction on chronic pelvic pain of Qi stagnation and blood stasis with sequelae of pelvic inflammatory disease.Zhong Guo Zhong Yi Ji Chu Yi Xue Za Zhi 2017;23(4):518-520.
7 Fu ZM,Li LJ,Wang AL.Effect of modified Shaofu Zhuyutang on pelvic inflammatory disease-chronic pelvic pain with cold damp stagnation pattern.Zhong Guo Shi Yan Fang Ji Xue Za Zhi 2018;24(10):200-205.
8 Wang Q.Professor Xu Runsan's clinic experiences in treating difficult and complicated gynecologic diseases.Zhong Hua Zhong Yi Yao Za Zhi 2009;24(2):183-185.
9 Wang Q,Jing Y.Discussion on Professor Xu Runsan's opinion:chronic pelvic inflammatory disease is not a simplex heat pattern.Zhong Hua Zhong Yi Yao Za Zhi 2006;21(4):223-224.
10 Xin QT.Professor Xu Runsan's experience in treating chronic pelvic inflammatory disease with disease differentiation and symptom pattern identification.Zhong Guo Lin Chuang Yi Sheng 2006;34(1):55-56.
11 Yang F.Clinical observation of Shaofu Tongluo Granule in treating sequelae of pelvic inflammation disease caused by Qi stagnation and blood stasis.Beijing Zhong Yi Yao2010;29(3):209-210.
12 Zhou J.Analysis of data mining results of Prof.Xu Runsan's three old Chinese medicines in treating the sequela of pelvic inflammatory diseases.Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,2011:19-36.
13 China Association of Chinese Medicine.Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Common Diseases in Gynecology of Traditional Chinese Medicine(ZYYXH/T203~246-2012).Beijing:China Press of Traditional Chinese Medicine,2012:117.
14 Chen BC,Zhang J.Chronic pelvic pain.Beijing:People's Medical Publishing House,2003:1.
15 Xin L,Liu J,Liu C.Research on digital platform of famous chinese medicine experience based on real world.Zhong Yi Yao Guan Li Za Zhi 2016;24(4):5-7.
16 China Pharmacopoeia Committee.Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China(2015).Beijing:China Medical Science Press,2015.
17 He YH,Zheng X,Cindy Sit,et al.Using association rules mining to explore pattern of Chinese medicinal formulae(prescription)in treating and preventing breast cancer recurrence and metastasis.J Transl Med 2012;10 Suppl 1:S12.
18 Cheng ZR,Chen XH.Effect of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Polyphenols acid salt combined with adenosine cyclophosphate meglumine on hemorheology,hs-CRP and NT-proBNP of Post-PCI patients with coronary heart disease.Zhong Guo Shi Yan Fang Ji Xue Za Zhi 2015;21(17):152-155.
19 Ji LP,Zhang JH,Yu AS.Influence of Danshen external-using paints on the microcirculation of the Hypertrophic scar tissue and the expression of TGF-β1 and bFGF.Zhong Hua Zhong Yi Yao Za Zhi 2011;26(1):135-137.
20 Qin J,Zhao MS,Li J.Effects of Danshensu on TGF-β1/smads signaling pathways in rats with pulmonary fibrosis.Zhong Guo Bing Li Sheng Li Za Zhi 2013;29(5):937-940.
21 Peng Y,Yang T,Huang K,et al.Salvia Miltiorrhiza ameliorates liver fibrosis by activating hepatic natural killer cells in vivo and in vitro.Front Pharmacol 2018;9:762.
22 Huang CL,Wu X,Wang SP,et al.Combination of Salvia miltiorrhiza and ligustrazine attenuates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats via modulating TNF-alpha and TGF-beta.Chin Med 2018;13:36.
23 Wang R,Wang J,Song FX,et al.Tanshinol ameliorates CCl4-induced liver fibrosis in rats through the regulation of Nrf2/HO-1 and NF-kappaB/IkappaBalpha signaling pathway.Medicinal Des Devel Ther 2018;12:1281-1292.
24 Li XJ,Zhang QY,Ma HX,et al.The effects of hirudo on pulmonary fibrosis rats and the discussion of the potential mechanism.Zhong Yao Yao Li Yu Lin Chuang 2015;31(2):155-156.
25 Ali K.Sig,Mustafa Guney,Aylin Uskudar Guclu,et al.Medicinal leech therapy-an overall perspective.Integr Med Res 2017;6(4):337-343.
26 Xu SJ,Shen YJ,Xie YH.Experimental Study on the Anti-inflammation effect of volatile oil in Ramulus Cinnamomi.Zhong Yao Xin Yao Yu Lin Chuang Yao Li 2007;8(3):186-189.
27 Xu F.Study on the anti-inflammatory mechanism of rimulus cinnamomi extracts with anti-inflammatory effects via NLRP3 inflammasome pathway.Chengdu University of Chinese Medicine,2017:1-3.
28 Huang JQ,Luo XX,Wang SW,et al.Effects of cinnamaldehyde on platelet aggregation and thrombosis formation.Zhong Guo Lin Chuang Jian Kang 2006;10(31):34-36.
29 Gao XM.Traditional Chinese Pharmacy.2nd ed.Beijing:China Press of Traditional Chinese Medicine,2007:29-30.
30 Chang R,Hu H,Guo X,et al.Experimental study on the effect of fuyanshu capsule on chronic pelvic inflammation rats.ZhongYaoYao LiYu LinChuang2012;28(4):86-88.
31 Zhao JJ,Pei Y.Hemorheological changes in patients with chronic pelvic inlection.Zhong Guo Xue Ye Liu Bian Xue Za Zhi 2001;11(2):128-140.
2 Fan LL,Yu WH,Liu XQ,et al.A Meta-analysis on effectiveness of acupuncture and moxibustion for chronic pelvic inflammatory disease.Zhen Ci Yan Jiu 2014;39(2):156-163.
3 Linda M.Speer,Saudia Mushkbar,Tara Erbele.Chronic pelvic pain in women.Am Fam Physician 2016;93(5):380-387.
4 Gerner-Rasmussen J,Burcharth J,G?genur I.The efficacy of adhesiolysis on chronic abdominal pain:a systematic review.Langenbecks Arch Surg 2015;400(5):567-576.
5 van den Beukel BA,de Ree R,van Leuven S,et al.Surgical treatment of adhesion-related chronic abdominal and pelvic pain after gynaecological and general surgery:a systematic review and Meta-analysis.Hum Reprod Update2017;23(3):276-288.
6 Liang Z,Xu L,Jin Z.Clinical observation of danzhi decoction on chronic pelvic pain of Qi stagnation and blood stasis with sequelae of pelvic inflammatory disease.Zhong Guo Zhong Yi Ji Chu Yi Xue Za Zhi 2017;23(4):518-520.
7 Fu ZM,Li LJ,Wang AL.Effect of modified Shaofu Zhuyutang on pelvic inflammatory disease-chronic pelvic pain with cold damp stagnation pattern.Zhong Guo Shi Yan Fang Ji Xue Za Zhi 2018;24(10):200-205.
8 Wang Q.Professor Xu Runsan's clinic experiences in treating difficult and complicated gynecologic diseases.Zhong Hua Zhong Yi Yao Za Zhi 2009;24(2):183-185.
9 Wang Q,Jing Y.Discussion on Professor Xu Runsan's opinion:chronic pelvic inflammatory disease is not a simplex heat pattern.Zhong Hua Zhong Yi Yao Za Zhi 2006;21(4):223-224.
10 Xin QT.Professor Xu Runsan's experience in treating chronic pelvic inflammatory disease with disease differentiation and symptom pattern identification.Zhong Guo Lin Chuang Yi Sheng 2006;34(1):55-56.
11 Yang F.Clinical observation of Shaofu Tongluo Granule in treating sequelae of pelvic inflammation disease caused by Qi stagnation and blood stasis.Beijing Zhong Yi Yao2010;29(3):209-210.
12 Zhou J.Analysis of data mining results of Prof.Xu Runsan's three old Chinese medicines in treating the sequela of pelvic inflammatory diseases.Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,2011:19-36.
13 China Association of Chinese Medicine.Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Common Diseases in Gynecology of Traditional Chinese Medicine(ZYYXH/T203~246-2012).Beijing:China Press of Traditional Chinese Medicine,2012:117.
14 Chen BC,Zhang J.Chronic pelvic pain.Beijing:People's Medical Publishing House,2003:1.
15 Xin L,Liu J,Liu C.Research on digital platform of famous chinese medicine experience based on real world.Zhong Yi Yao Guan Li Za Zhi 2016;24(4):5-7.
16 China Pharmacopoeia Committee.Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China(2015).Beijing:China Medical Science Press,2015.
17 He YH,Zheng X,Cindy Sit,et al.Using association rules mining to explore pattern of Chinese medicinal formulae(prescription)in treating and preventing breast cancer recurrence and metastasis.J Transl Med 2012;10 Suppl 1:S12.
18 Cheng ZR,Chen XH.Effect of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Polyphenols acid salt combined with adenosine cyclophosphate meglumine on hemorheology,hs-CRP and NT-proBNP of Post-PCI patients with coronary heart disease.Zhong Guo Shi Yan Fang Ji Xue Za Zhi 2015;21(17):152-155.
19 Ji LP,Zhang JH,Yu AS.Influence of Danshen external-using paints on the microcirculation of the Hypertrophic scar tissue and the expression of TGF-β1 and bFGF.Zhong Hua Zhong Yi Yao Za Zhi 2011;26(1):135-137.
20 Qin J,Zhao MS,Li J.Effects of Danshensu on TGF-β1/smads signaling pathways in rats with pulmonary fibrosis.Zhong Guo Bing Li Sheng Li Za Zhi 2013;29(5):937-940.
21 Peng Y,Yang T,Huang K,et al.Salvia Miltiorrhiza ameliorates liver fibrosis by activating hepatic natural killer cells in vivo and in vitro.Front Pharmacol 2018;9:762.
22 Huang CL,Wu X,Wang SP,et al.Combination of Salvia miltiorrhiza and ligustrazine attenuates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats via modulating TNF-alpha and TGF-beta.Chin Med 2018;13:36.
23 Wang R,Wang J,Song FX,et al.Tanshinol ameliorates CCl4-induced liver fibrosis in rats through the regulation of Nrf2/HO-1 and NF-kappaB/IkappaBalpha signaling pathway.Medicinal Des Devel Ther 2018;12:1281-1292.
24 Li XJ,Zhang QY,Ma HX,et al.The effects of hirudo on pulmonary fibrosis rats and the discussion of the potential mechanism.Zhong Yao Yao Li Yu Lin Chuang 2015;31(2):155-156.
25 Ali K.Sig,Mustafa Guney,Aylin Uskudar Guclu,et al.Medicinal leech therapy-an overall perspective.Integr Med Res 2017;6(4):337-343.
26 Xu SJ,Shen YJ,Xie YH.Experimental Study on the Anti-inflammation effect of volatile oil in Ramulus Cinnamomi.Zhong Yao Xin Yao Yu Lin Chuang Yao Li 2007;8(3):186-189.
27 Xu F.Study on the anti-inflammatory mechanism of rimulus cinnamomi extracts with anti-inflammatory effects via NLRP3 inflammasome pathway.Chengdu University of Chinese Medicine,2017:1-3.
28 Huang JQ,Luo XX,Wang SW,et al.Effects of cinnamaldehyde on platelet aggregation and thrombosis formation.Zhong Guo Lin Chuang Jian Kang 2006;10(31):34-36.
29 Gao XM.Traditional Chinese Pharmacy.2nd ed.Beijing:China Press of Traditional Chinese Medicine,2007:29-30.
30 Chang R,Hu H,Guo X,et al.Experimental study on the effect of fuyanshu capsule on chronic pelvic inflammation rats.ZhongYaoYao LiYu LinChuang2012;28(4):86-88.
31 Zhao JJ,Pei Y.Hemorheological changes in patients with chronic pelvic inlection.Zhong Guo Xue Ye Liu Bian Xue Za Zhi 2001;11(2):128-140.
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