花岗岩潜山双重孔隙介质油藏地质建模方法
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摘要
花岗岩潜山裂缝型油藏受构造、风化、溶蚀等作用影响,其储层具有双重孔隙特征,其地质建模研究一直为业内难点和热点。为此,综合运用测井、地震、岩芯、试井等多方面资料,深入剖析了裂缝成因,明确了断层和"沟脊"地貌为该区裂缝分布的主控因素;进而,采用DFN(Discrete Fracture Network)建模技术,形成了以裂缝成因控制的花岗岩潜山地质建模方法。即以裂缝成因为依据建立了裂缝分布的趋势体,以之为约束,建立花岗岩潜山裂缝网络模型,进而得到等效裂缝属性模型,并通过测井、试井等资料校验模型的可靠性。应用该方法,建立渤海A油田花岗岩潜山的地质模型,该模型较好地表征了油田裂缝分布特征,为开发方案编制奠定了基础。
Fractured oil reservoirs in granite buried hills are influenced by tectonic motion,weathering,and corrosion.Since layers in these reservoirs are dual porous,geological modeling of these layers has been a difficult task but is also an important topic in the field.Hence,this work combines logging,seismic,core,and well testing data to thoroughly investigate the causes of fracturing.It is determined that faults and "gully ridge" landforms are the maj or factors that determine the fracture distribution in the region.Subsequently,the discrete fracture network(DFN)modeling technique was used to develop a geologic model for the fracture mechanism in the granite buried hills.Fracture distributions are created and used as a constraint to form a fracture network model for the granite buried hills.An equivalent fracture attribute model was obtained and its reliability was tested using information such as well logging and testing data.A geological method for the granite buried hills in the Bohai A Oilfield was constructed using this method.This model better characterizes the fracture distribution in the oil field and provides a foundation for formulating exploration plans.
Fractured oil reservoirs in granite buried hills are influenced by tectonic motion,weathering,and corrosion.Since layers in these reservoirs are dual porous,geological modeling of these layers has been a difficult task but is also an important topic in the field.Hence,this work combines logging,seismic,core,and well testing data to thoroughly investigate the causes of fracturing.It is determined that faults and "gully ridge" landforms are the maj or factors that determine the fracture distribution in the region.Subsequently,the discrete fracture network(DFN)modeling technique was used to develop a geologic model for the fracture mechanism in the granite buried hills.Fracture distributions are created and used as a constraint to form a fracture network model for the granite buried hills.An equivalent fracture attribute model was obtained and its reliability was tested using information such as well logging and testing data.A geological method for the granite buried hills in the Bohai A Oilfield was constructed using this method.This model better characterizes the fracture distribution in the oil field and provides a foundation for formulating exploration plans.
引文
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[2]关宝文,郭建明,杨燕,等.油气储层裂缝预测方法及发展趋势[J].特种油气藏,2014,21(1):12-17.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-6535.20 14.01.003GUAN Baowen,GUO Jianming,YANG Yan,et al.Methods of fracture prediction in oil&gas reservoirs and their development trend[J].Special Oil&Gas Reservoirs,2014,21(1):12-17.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-6535.2014.01.003
[3]WARREN J E,ROOT P J.The behavior of naturally fractured reservoirs[J].Society of Petroleum Engineers Journal,1963,3(3):245-255.doi:10.2118/426-PA
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[5]顾少华,刘月田,范乐宾,等.变质岩裂缝性潜山油藏储层建模方法研究[J].断块油气田,2012,19(3):312-315.GU Shaohua,LIU Yuetian,FAN Lebin,et al.Method study on reservoir modeling of fractured buried hill reservoir with metamorphic rock[J].Fault-Block Oil&Gas Field2012,19(3):312-315.
[6]杨辉廷,颜其彬,李敏,等.油藏描述中的储层建模技术[J].天然气勘探与开发,2004,27(3):45-49.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-3177.2004.03.011YANG Huiting,YAN Qibin,LI Min,et al.Reservoir modeling technique in pool description[J].Natural Gas Exploration and Development,2004,27(3):45-49.doi:10.-3969/j.issn.1673-3177.2004.03.011
[7]吴胜和,李宇鹏.储层地质建模的现状与展望[J].海相油气地质,2007,12(3):53-60.doi:10.3969/j.issn.-1672-9854.2007.03.009WU Shenghe,LI Yupeng.Reservoir modeling:Current situation and development prospect[J].Marine Origin Petroleum Geology,2007,12(3):53-60.doi:10.3969/j.issn.-1672-9854.2007.03.009
[8]宋海渤,黄旭日.油气储层建模方法综述[J].天然气勘探与开发,2008,31(3):53-57.doi:10.3969/j.issn..1673-3177.2008.03.014SONG Haibo HUANG Xuri.Review on reservoirmodeling methods[J].Natural Gas Exploration and Development,2008,31(3):53-57.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-3177.2008.03.014
[9]于兴河.油气储层表征与随机建模的发展历程及展望[J].地学前缘,2008,15(1):2-14.doi:10.3321/j.-issn:1005-2321.2008.01.001YU Xinghe.A review of development course and prospect of petroleum reservoir characterization and stochastic modeling[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2008,15(1):2-14doi:10.3321/j.issn:1005-2321.2008.01.001
[10]郑松青,张宏方,刘中春,等.裂缝性油藏离散裂缝网络模型[J].大庆石油学院学报,2011,35(6):49-54doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-4107.2011.06.009ZHENG Songqing,ZHANG Hongfang,LIU Zhongchun et al.Discrete fracture network model for fractured reservoirs[J].Journal of Daqing Petroleum Institute,201135(6):49-54.doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-4107.2011.06.009
[11]王建华.DFN模型裂缝建模新技术[J].断块油气田,2008,15(6):55-58.WANG Jianhua.DFN model:A new modelling technology for fracture[J].Fault-Block Oil&Gas Field,200815(6):55-58.
[12]郎晓玲,郭召杰.基于DFN离散裂缝网络模型的裂缝性储层建模方法[J].北京大学学报(自然科学版),2013,49(6):964-972.doi:10.13209/j.0479-8023.-2013.128LANG Xiaoling,GUO Zhaojie.Fractured reservoir modeling method based on discrete fracture network mod-el[J].Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis,2013,49(6):964-972.doi:10.13209/j.0479-8023.2013.128
[13]薛艳梅,夏东领,苏宗富,等.多信息融合分级裂缝建模[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2014,36(2)57-63.doi:10.1188 5/j.issn.1674-5086.2012.08.30.11XUE Yanmei,XIA Dongling,SU Zongfu,et al.Fracture modeling at different scales based on convergent multisource information[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Science&Technology Edition),2014,36(2)57-63.doi:10.1188 5/j.issn.1674-5086.2012.08.30.11
[14]吴斌,唐洪,张婷,等.两种新颖的离散裂缝建模方法探讨——DFN模型和DFM模型[J].四川地质学报,2010,30(4):484-487.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-09952010.04.030WU Bin,TANG Hong,ZHANG Ting,et al.An approach to discrete fracture network stochastic modeling:DFN model and DFM model[J].Acta Geologica Sichuan,201030(4):484-487.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-0995.2010.04.-030
[15]吕坐彬,赵春明,霍春亮,等.裂缝性潜山变质岩储层地质建模方法——以锦州25-1S潜山为例[J].科技导报,2010,28(13):68—72.LU Zuobin,ZHAO Chunming,HUO Chunliang,et al Geological modeling of fractured buried hill mutation reservoir:With JZ25-1S buried hill as an example[J].Science and Technology Review,2010,28(13):68-72.
[16]程林松,贺立湘,李春兰,等.含天然微裂缝变形介质油藏数值模拟方法[J].石油大学学报,2001,25(5):50-52.doi:10.3321/j.issn:1000-5870.2001.05.015CHENG Linsong,HE Lixiang,LI Chunlan,et al.A new method of numerical simulation for naturally microfractured low-permeability reservoir[J].Journal of the University of Petroleum,China,2001,25(5):50-52.doi:10.3321/j.issn:1000-5870.2001.05.015
[17]李玉梅.朝阳沟油田朝5北井区裂缝性储层建模与剩余油定量评价[D].北京:中国地质大学,2011.LI Yumei.Fractured reservoir modeling and residual oil evaluation in the north Chao 5 of Chaoyanggou Oilfield[D].Beijing:China University of Geosciences(Beijing),2011.
[18]程钰.兴隆台太古界潜山油藏三维构造建模研究[D]武汉:长江大学,2012.CHENG Yu.The 3D structure modeling research of archaean buried hill reservoir in Xinglongtai[D].Wuhan Yangtze University,2012.
[19]刘建军,吴明洋,宋睿,等.低渗透油藏储层多尺度裂缝的建模方法研究[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2017,39(4):90-103.doi:10.11885/j.issn.1674-5086.2016.06.25.03LIU Jianjun,WU Mingyang,SONG Rui,et al.Study on simulation method of multi-scale fractures in low permeability reservoirs[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Science&Technology Edition),2017,39(4):90-103.doi:10.11885./j.issn.1674-5086.2016.06.25.03
[20]ZHAO Xiaoming,LIU Li,HU Jialiang,et al.The tectonic fracture modeling of an ultralow permeability sandstone reservoir based on an outcrop analogy:A case in the Wangyao Oilfield of Ordos Basin,China[J].Petroleum Science,2014,11(3):363-375.doi:10.1007/s12182-014-0350-5
[21]BISDOM K,GAUTHIER B D M,BERTOTTI G,et al.Calibrating discrete fracture-network models with a carbonate three-dimensional outcrop fracture network:Implications for naturally fractured reservoir modeling[J].AAPG Bulletin,2014,98(7):1351-1376.doi:10.-1306/02031413060
[22]邹华耀,赵春明,尹志军,等.渤海湾盆地新太古代结晶岩潜山裂缝发育的露头模型[J].天然气地球科学,2013,24(5):879-885.doi:10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.-2013.05.879ZOU Huayao,ZHAO Chunming,YIN Zhijun,et al.Fracture-occurring outcrop model in Neoarchean crystalline rock-buried hill,Bohai Bay Basin,north China[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2013,24(5):879-885.doi:10.-11 764/j.issn.1672-1926.2013.05.879
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