基于活动控制的岩体结构面几何信息快速获取
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摘要
在应用数字近景摄影测量进行岩体结构面几何信息快速获取时,需要在岩体上布设一定数量的控制点,但特殊区域岩体(隧道、硐室、采石场)的结构面相对破碎、特征点极不明显,并且受施工进度的影响,无法在岩体上布设控制点。针对这一问题,本文应用自行设计的活动控制架,在控制架上布设28个控制点,将控制架和岩体结构面一起摄影,然后在VZ(VirtuoZo)工作站上进行内业解译,获取岩体结构面上特征点的空间坐标,再依据所给产状公式获取结构面信息。以净月二采石场岩体边坡为研究对象,进行了活动控制架安装与检验、外业数据采集与内业数据处理等工作;同时基于误差理论点位精度评定方法,对解译的控制点坐标与岩体结构面产状(倾向、倾角)同实测值对比并进行精度分析。结果表明,该方法测量的岩体结构面产状中误差:m倾向=±4°,m倾角=±3°,满足岩体结构面精度测量要求。
In the application of digital close-range photogrammetry,a certain number of control points should be set up to quickly obtain the geometric information of rock mass discontinuities;however the rock structure surface in a special area(tunnel,chamber,and quarry)is relatively fragmented,the characteristic points are extremely insignificant.Under the influence of construction schedule,the control points cannot be placed.To solve this problem,a self-designed portable controller framework was used,on which 28 control points were placed,and the rock mass discontinuities were photographed and interpreted by using VZ workstation to determine the spatial coordinates of the feature points.After this the information of structural planes was obtained according to the given formula.Taking the rock slope of Jingyue No.2 Quarry as the research object,the portable controller frame was installed and inspected,the collection of the external data and the processing of the internal data were carried out.Through point accuracy evaluation based on error theory,the control point coordinates of interpretation and the orientation of rock mass discontinuity were compared with the measured and the accuracy was analyzed.The results show that this method is feasible,and it opens up a new way to rapidly obtain the geometric information of rock mass discontinuities in special areas where it is inconvenient to place control points.
In the application of digital close-range photogrammetry,a certain number of control points should be set up to quickly obtain the geometric information of rock mass discontinuities;however the rock structure surface in a special area(tunnel,chamber,and quarry)is relatively fragmented,the characteristic points are extremely insignificant.Under the influence of construction schedule,the control points cannot be placed.To solve this problem,a self-designed portable controller framework was used,on which 28 control points were placed,and the rock mass discontinuities were photographed and interpreted by using VZ workstation to determine the spatial coordinates of the feature points.After this the information of structural planes was obtained according to the given formula.Taking the rock slope of Jingyue No.2 Quarry as the research object,the portable controller frame was installed and inspected,the collection of the external data and the processing of the internal data were carried out.Through point accuracy evaluation based on error theory,the control point coordinates of interpretation and the orientation of rock mass discontinuity were compared with the measured and the accuracy was analyzed.The results show that this method is feasible,and it opens up a new way to rapidly obtain the geometric information of rock mass discontinuities in special areas where it is inconvenient to place control points.
引文
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[12]王保丰.计算机视觉工业测量系统的建立与标定[D].郑州:解放军信息工程大学,2004.Wang Baofeng.Establishment and Calibration of Computer Vision Industrial Measurement System[D].Zhengzhou:PLA University of Information Engineering,2004.
[13]田爱军.隧道断面数字近景摄影测量系统的研究开发[D].北京:北京交通大学,2007.Tian Aijun.Research and Development of the Digital Close Range Photogrammetry System of Tunnel Contour[D].Beijing:Beijing Jiaotong University,2007.
[14]马丽霞.基于活动控制-近景摄影测量的岩体结构面几何信息的快速获取[D].长春:吉林大学,2010.Ma Lixia.Rapid Acquiring of Geometrical Information of Rock Mass Discontinuities Based on Portable Controller-Close Range Photogrammetry[D].Changchun:Jilin University,2010.
[15]刘子侠.基于数字近景摄影测量的岩体结构面信息快速采集的研究应用[D].长春:吉林大学,2009.Liu Zixia.Research and Apllication of Rapid Acquiring Discontinuities Information in Rock Mass Based on Digital Close Range Photogrammetry[D].Changchun:Jilin University,2009.
[16]张祖勋,张剑清.数字摄影测量[M].武汉:武汉大学出版社,1997:3.Zhang Zuxun,Zhang Jianqing.Digital PhotogramMetry[M].Wuhan:Wuhan University Press,1997:3.
[2]王凤艳,陈剑平,杨国东,等.基于数字近景摄影测量的岩体结构面几何信息解算模型[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2012,42(6):1839-1846.Wang Fengyan,Chen Jianping,Yang Guodong,et al.Solution Models of Geometrical Information of Rock Mass Discontinuities Based on Digital Close Range Photogrammetry[J].Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),2012,42(6):1839-1846.
[3]王渭明,李先炜.裂隙岩体优势结构面产状反演[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(11):1832-1835.Wang Weiming,Li Xianwei.Inverse Study on Occurrence of Dominant Extureplane in Jointed Rock Masses[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(11):1832-1835.
[4]杨天鸿,于庆磊,陈仕阔,等.范各庄煤矿砂岩岩体结构数字识别及参数表征[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(12):2482-2489.Yang Tianhong,Yu Qinglei,Chen Shikuo,et al.Rock Mass Structure Digital Recognition and Hytro Mechanical Parameters Characterization of Sandstone in Fangezhuang Coal Mine[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2009,28(12):2482-2489.
[5]Haneberg W C.Using Close Range Terrestrial Digital Photogrammetry for 3-D Rock Slope Modeling and Discontinuity Mapping in the United States[J].Bull Engeol Environ,2008,67:457-469.
[6]Deb D,Hariharan S,Rao U M,et al.Automatic Detection and Analysis of Discontinuity Geometry of Rock Mass from Digital Images[J].Computers&Geosciences,2008,34(2):115-126.
[7]王凤艳,陈剑平,付学慧,等.基于VirtuoZo的岩体结构面几何信息获取研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(1):169-175.Wang Fengyan,Chen Jianping,Fu Xuehui,et al.Study on Deometrical Information of Obtaining Rock Mass Discontinuities Based on VirtuoZo[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(1):169-175.
[8]Roberts G,Poropat G V.Highwall Joint Mapping in 3-D at the Moura Mine Using Sirojoint[R].Pullenvale:CSIRO Exploration and Mining Technology Court,2003.
[9]吴志勇,聂德新,蔡云,等.岩体结构信息的采集处理研究[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,2003,14(2):82-83.Wu Zhiyong,Nie Dexin,Cai Yun,et al.Research of Collecting Information of Rock Mass Structure[J].The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,2003,14(2):82-83.
[10]Poropat G V.A New Tool for Mapping Rock Mass Structure in Open Pits[R].Pullenvale:CSIROExploration and Mining Technology Court,2003.
[11]王森虎.基于近景摄影测量的三维模型可视化系统的研制[D].西安:西安科技大学,2003.Wang Senhu.Research&Development in 3-DModeling Visualization System Based on Close Range Photogrammetry[D].Xi’an:Xi’an University of Science and Technology,2003.
[12]王保丰.计算机视觉工业测量系统的建立与标定[D].郑州:解放军信息工程大学,2004.Wang Baofeng.Establishment and Calibration of Computer Vision Industrial Measurement System[D].Zhengzhou:PLA University of Information Engineering,2004.
[13]田爱军.隧道断面数字近景摄影测量系统的研究开发[D].北京:北京交通大学,2007.Tian Aijun.Research and Development of the Digital Close Range Photogrammetry System of Tunnel Contour[D].Beijing:Beijing Jiaotong University,2007.
[14]马丽霞.基于活动控制-近景摄影测量的岩体结构面几何信息的快速获取[D].长春:吉林大学,2010.Ma Lixia.Rapid Acquiring of Geometrical Information of Rock Mass Discontinuities Based on Portable Controller-Close Range Photogrammetry[D].Changchun:Jilin University,2010.
[15]刘子侠.基于数字近景摄影测量的岩体结构面信息快速采集的研究应用[D].长春:吉林大学,2009.Liu Zixia.Research and Apllication of Rapid Acquiring Discontinuities Information in Rock Mass Based on Digital Close Range Photogrammetry[D].Changchun:Jilin University,2009.
[16]张祖勋,张剑清.数字摄影测量[M].武汉:武汉大学出版社,1997:3.Zhang Zuxun,Zhang Jianqing.Digital PhotogramMetry[M].Wuhan:Wuhan University Press,1997:3.
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